FROM BABYLON TO TIMBUKTU : i i i : . Readers, heritage a valuable enrichment to their knowledge of world history. Distributed by Lushena Books Chicago, IL 60613 www.Lushena.com aa 7 995 =O | Fax: 773-975-0045 = 1804-06 West Irving Park Road Email: Lushena@a e ie S s——— Sa PraterBiography RUDOLPH WINDSOR was born in Long Branch, New Jersey. After living in a number of Jersey communities, his family settled in Philadelphia where he attended Community College, studying Psychology and Political Science; Gratz College, where he majored in Hebrew/Aramaic Studies; and Temple University, where he majored in Middle Eastern Studies. In addition, he has four sons and a daughter. He says of his book, “My motive in writing it was to give the true history of the Afro-American, which has been excluded from textbooks”. Professor Windsor is a strong advocator of the economic and cultural development of the black community. In serving the community, he has been a member and president of several organizations, was a delegate to the Black Power Conference of 1968 and was designated a delegate, on behalf of Ethiopian Jews, to mect with Mr. Makonen, an official of the Ethiopian Mission to the United Nations in the early 1970's Moreover, Mr, Windsor is the author of the book: The Valley of the Dry Bones; subtitled, The Conditions That Face Black People in America. As a result of some difficulties with several book companies, Mr. Windsor established his own company called Windsor’s Golden Series Publications. In 1988, Mr. Windsor redesigned his first book; From Babylon To Timbuktu. Again, Mr. Windsor over the years, has appeared on radio and TV talk shows, lectured at congregations, organizations, universities and has traveled to Europe and the Middle East.BENEFIT DINNER HONORS GRAENUM AND EMMA BERGER A MESSAGEo> fe Tee aps fe F t ‘ a< N< i t they are like the Levitical cities found in the Old Testament. Professor God-Black Civilization in Africa 81 bey says, “Taken with sacrifices, wherever Judaism is ac- knowledged, there must have been introduced by Yemenite or Himyaritic Jewish traders in very ancient times.” Concerning the Wasambara people along the east coast of Africa opposite the Island of Zanzibar we know very little. But it isa known fact among scholars that Jewish merchants - from Yemen traded along that coast. It is possible that Jewish colonies were established there at an early date. It is also a probability that Jewish tribes migrated from the north. I have shown previously that Jewish immigrants crossed the Red Sea into Ethiopia and that Jewish immi- - grants migrated from Egypt to Ethiopia. My conclusion is this: the nation of Ethiopia became a confluence or cross- road of a wave of Hebrew culture and settlements. Here in Ethiopia was the great center of the black Jews; they ex- changed ideas, some settled down to stay, others departed to the west and south, Joseph L, Williams*® quoting Walter Chicele Plowden, the British Consul in Abyssinia, agrees with my conclusion. After the British Consul reviewed the National records and traditions he concluded: ‘Two things are certain—that at a far later period, six sovereigns of pure Jewish race and faith reigned at Gondar, and that to this day numerous Jews are found throughout Abyssinia. I think it also highly probable that (at whatever epoch it may be placed) the whole of Abyssinia was of Jewish persuasion previous to its conversion; as even those who have adopted the Christian creed still maintain . . . numerous forms and observances.” As we can conclude from the above and other records, the Christians of Abyssinia were once Jews. Incidentally, Solomon Grazel, in his book A History of the Jews, has Stated that there still exist 100,000 black Jews in Ethiopia who are not Christians, After King Abraha of Ethiopia accepted Christianity in the fourth century, A.p., a great change occurred that was disastrous to the existence of the Jews: they became victims of persecution that lasted for many centuries. Ever since the