0s and 1s - not quite true

presence or absence of a current in tiny transistors on a semiconductor chip

0s or 1s denotes if current is on or off
thankfully we dont have to program computers ib 0s or 1s

early comouters were prigrammed like this

automatic sequence controlled calculator
Harvard mark i
to use diff equations u gotta know which switches to turn
lotsa paper tape

after 4 decades - commodore 64

hello world
seemed like a miracle
how has it progressed this much?
every tinier components

compiler
Grace Hopper 1906 born
gender equality was not a thing yet
went to a good school, good at math
set herself to become a professor
Pearl harbor - navy started taking women
grace signed up
why did the navy need mathematicians?
at what angle should u fire a missile
the calculations arent complex but time consuming for a computer
work for someone w pen n paper
perhaps theres a faster way
she graduated
Howard Akien - harvard mark i
wasnt thrilled by hopper first

1951 - subroutines, computers were now advanced to do the task thingies

remington rand
subtract income tax from pay
"they werent as lazy as i was"
compiler - trade off, quicker but results ran slowly
it made sense for workers to work as efficiently
Car hammer??? - solved codes in a day
singlehandedly pioneering open source software
COBOL - it paved the way to the distinction bw hardware and software
if a computer could run a compiler, it could also run any program using it
human compilers vs chips
concepts n algorithms vs wires