1 Variant Configuration

Variant configuration is for manufacturing complex products in which customer

determines the features of the product. Objective of variant configuration is to react
quickly to customers’ requirements.
Here it needs not to create separate material for each variant of a product. When
companies introduce variant configuration this often goes beyond a business process re-
engineering project. Variant configuration offers an opportunity to restructure product
structures for which then processes are defined. This has a direct impact to the core areas
such as marketing and product data management.

2 Advantages of VC
· No need to Create separate material master for each variant combination.
· Super BOM and Super Routing is enough for representing all possible Variants and
Operations.
· Able to react more flexible to customer demands.
· Increase Information exchange between sales, engineering and production.

3 What is Configurable Material?

· A material with different features or characteristics and options is known as
configurable material. Example: PC, Car.
· Configurable materials are either created in a material type that allows the configuration
(n the standard system, the material type KMAT) or they are given the indicator
Configurable in the material master record.

4 Master Data used for VC

Following Objects are used as Master data for Variant configuration.

1. Super BOM
2. Super Routing
3. Characteristic
4. Class
5. Object Dependencies
6. Configuration Profile
7. SD Condition records

4.1 Super BOM

Super BOM Contains all the components for producing configurable product. It contains
both variant as well as non-variant parts required for producing configurable product.

4.1.1 Super BOM configuration

Super BOM can be created either one of the following methods.
· Create BOM with class Item of 200-class type that contains all characteristic of a
configurable material.
· Create BOM with all possible materials as its components. Then assign /define
dependencies to each component.
The different between this two method is
· BOM with class item, no need to assign or define object dependencies. Instead of that
each material is classified in material master itself using class 200.
· For both cases all characteristics are assigned to class 300 which is again assigned to
KMAT material in order to trigger configuration in configuration profile.

4.1.2 Super BOM with Class Item

Class items used to control the selection of variant parts in a BOM. Variant parts are
classified in a class, and the class is entered in the BOM as a class item. When you
configure the material, the class is replaced by a suitable variant part.

4.1.3 Advantages of using Class Item in BOM

· Only one item for the class is enough, instead of several items for the individual variant
parts.
· No need to create and assign selection conditions.
· Able to classify additional objects in the class at any time, without having to change the
BOM.

4.1.4 Steps involved in super BOM with Class

? Define all Characteristics and its Values assign it to Class with type 200.
? Assign characteristic Values to materials by Classification material
? Assign class 200 with material instead of assigning all BOM items.
? Create and Assign class 300 (with same characteristics) with configurable product using
configuration profile.

4.1.5 Super BOM with Material Components

This bill of material (BOM) of a configurable material contains all the components that
are required to manufacture the material. The BOM contains components that are only
used in specific variants (variant parts), as well as components that are used in all variants
(non-variable parts).

4.1.6 Steps involved in super BOM with Material Components

? Define all Characteristics and its values assign it to Class with type 300.
? Assign Class with configurable material in Configuration profile.
? BOM is created with all variant and non-variant items.
? Define interdependency between objects (Characteristic, BOM item, Routing Operation
etc?) by using Object Dependencies.
? Assign class 300 with configurable product using configuration profile.

4.2 Super Routing

A configurable routing describes the production process for all variants of a product.
Instead of creating a routing for each variant of a product, you can create operations for
one routing, or a "super" routing.
It is possible to maintain Object dependencies for following in super routing:
· Sequences
· Operations/sub-operations
· Production resource/tool assignments
The routing is configured by system, when order is created for KMAT material.

4.3 Characteristic
Characteristic is used to define the features of a configurable material. To enable to use
characteristics to configure a material, assign the material to a class of class type 300.
The customer can choose from among different options for each characteristic.
· Characteristics describe the properties of objects. The values of a characteristic specify
these properties.
· Value assignment to characteristic may be single value or multiple value with required
entry or restrict able entry.
· In characteristic it is also possible to use table name and its field name in order to
change the Object quantity or values. I.e. BOM item quantity or Operation time, which is
known as ?reference characteristic?.
· In Restriction screen allowed Class types are entered i.e. for what are the class this
characteristic may used. In general for Variant configuration class 200 and 300 are used.
· It is also possible to assign Dependency to characteristic values maintained in
Characteristic.

4.4 Variant Class

· In Variant configuration, Class is used to hold the characteristics that describe about
configurable material. Class type to determine which object types can be classified.
· Class is used in variant configuration if the class has a class type that supports variant
configuration. In Customizing for Classification, the Variant class type indicator must be
set for the class type. In the standard system, this is class type 300.

4.5 Dependencies
· Dependencies restricts the combinations of options i.e. characteristic that are not
allowed. It also select exactly the right BOM components and operations to produce a
variant.
· It also describe the interdependencies between characteristics and characteristic values
· It control which components are selected from a bill of material (BOM) and which
operations are selected from a task list
· It also changes the values of fields in BOM items and operations during configuration.

4.5.1 Global and Local Dependencies

Global dependencies have the following properties:

· They are independent of any object.
· They are identified by a name that you assign, and are maintained and managed
centrally.
· If you change a global dependency, the change affects all the objects where the
dependency is used
Local dependencies have the following properties:
· They are only available to the object for which you create them
· You cannot use the central maintenance functions on these dependencies, and you
cannot allocate them to other objects
· They are identified by a number assigned by the system, not an external name
Local dependencies are only used where certain dependency will not be needed
elsewhere
The differences between global and local dependencies are as follows:
· Global dependencies are created centrally and can be assigned to several objects.
· Local dependencies are created for one object and can only be used with this object

4.5.2 Declarative and Procedural Dependency

· In Declarative dependencies the result are explained logically
· Declarative dependencies are easier to trace than procedural dependencies, because the
point in time when the dependency is processed and the sequence in which the
dependencies are processed are not relevant.
· Example for Declarative dependency:

Constraint
Actions
Preconditions (provided that they contain no non-declarative expressions)
Selection conditions (provided that they contain no non-declarative expressions)
· In Procedural Dependency result depends on the processing sequence and the point in
time when the dependency is processed.

Procedures
Preconditions (only if they contain non-declarative expressions)
Selection conditions (only if they contain non-declarative expressions)

4.5.3 Dependencies Types

The SAP System supports the following types of dependencies:
· Preconditions
· Selection conditions
· Procedures
· Actions (obsolete)
· Constraints

4.5.4 Preconditions
Preconditions can be allocated to the following objects:
· A characteristic that you want to hide
· A characteristic value that you want to hide
Preconditions are used to hide characteristics and characteristic values that are not
allowed and thereby ensure that the configuration of an object is consistent. In the
precondition, it is also possible define the circumstances under which a characteristic or
value is hidden.
A precondition is fulfilled if the condition you enter is either true or not violated.

4.5.5 Selection Conditions

Selection conditions used to ensure that all the objects relevant to a variant are selected:
· Selection conditions determine which variants require a specific component or operation

· Selection conditions determine when it is mandatory to assign a value to a characteristic

Selection conditions may allocate to the following objects:
· Characteristics
· BOM items
· Operations in task lists
· Sub-operations
· Sequences of operations
· Production resources/tools (PRTs)
A selection condition is fulfilled if the condition in it is unambiguously true.

4.5.6 Procedure
Procedures can be assigned to the following objects:
· The characteristic value that triggers the procedure
· The characteristic that triggers the procedure
· The configuration profile of the configurable object
Procedure is used for following purposes.
· A procedure is used to infer a value for a characteristic, you enter the variable $SELF
before the characteristic.
· Procedures can overwrite values that are set by other procedures.
· Procedures are always used for pricing (see Variant Conditions).
Processing Sequences of Procedure
If an object has more than one procedure, a processing sequence is used to define the
point when the procedure is processed.

4.5.7 Action
Actions are used to infer characteristic values. An action is processed as soon as the
characteristic to which it is assigned has a value. It is not possible to overwrite the
characteristic values that are set by an action.
The following Objects can assign to action:
· The characteristic value that triggers the action
· The characteristic that triggers the action
· The configuration profile of the configurable object
· Configuration profile
· BOM items ? to change the quantity
· Operations in task lists ? to change the standard values
Since Action is lead to serious system performance problems, it is replaced by Procedure
and Constraint.

4.5.8 Constraint
This dependency type is mainly for intensively interactive configuration tasks and for
configuration tasks in which you need to take into account the dependencies between the
characteristics of several objects. The main purpose of a constraint is to monitor the
consistency of a configuration.
Constraints have the following distinguishing features:
· Constraints are used to describe the dependencies between completely different objects
and their characteristics.
· Constraints are used to store information on which conditions must be fulfilled if the
configuration is to be consistent.
· Constraints are not directly allocated to individual objects. They are grouped together to
form dependency nets and allocated to a configurable material in the configuration
profile.
· In constraints, you enter objects in their general form of expression, without using
$SELF, $ROOT, or $PARENT to identify objects. As a rule, you refer to objects in
constraints by entering the class to which the objects are allocated.
· Constraints are declarative dependencies. The processing sequence of constraints and
the point in time when constraints are processed is not relevant.
· Constraints are not processed in a specific order. You cannot determine when a specific
constraint is used.
In any processing situation, a constraint is only processed once. If a value that is relevant
to the constraint is changed, the constraint is triggered again.

4.5.8.1 Structure of Constraints

There are four sections in a constraint. Each part is identified by a keyword. A colon
follows the keyword. Each section ends with a period.
OBJECTS:
In this section, you enter the objects that are relevant to the constraint. You must enter the
relevant objects in all constraints. You can also define variables for objects or
characteristics.
CONDITION:
The condition entered here must be fulfilled in order for the constraint to be used. You do
not need to enter a condition in a constraint. You can leave out the keyword
CONDITION: if required. However, if you enter the keyword you must enter a condition.
RESTRICTIONS:
In this section, you enter the relation that must exist between the objects and
characteristics if the configuration is to be consistent. You must enter a restriction in a
constraint.
INFERENCES:
In this section, you enter the characteristics for which characteristic values are to be
inferred. The main purpose of constraints is to check the consistency of a configuration.
Usually, values are only inferred if you make an entry in this section.
For reasons of performance, only use constraints to infer values if it is really necessary.
Constraints are grouped together to form dependency nets. The dependency net is
allocated to a configurable material in the configuration profile.

4.5.9 Dependency Net:

Constraints are grouped together in dependency nets. For this reason, the variant
configuration menu does not support a function for creating constraints directly. So that
only constraints are defined within a dependency net.
5 Configuration Profile
The configuration profile for a material controls the configuration process in sales order.
Configurable profile also used to define central settings for configuring the object. Using
this profile it is possible to hide some of the characteristic value defined during
characteristic creation. We can assign any number profile for a configurable material in
which selection is based on either priority or manual selection during configuration.
By defining a filter in the configuration profile, possible to determine the scope of the
BOM items to improve system performance when exploding the BOM. The filter is
active in high-level configuration, in result-oriented BOMs, and in SET processing.
5.1 Filters in Configurable Profile

Following objects can be used as filter:

· Object type
Class, material, document, text
In the standard system, all object types are selected and therefore exploded in the
configuration. Deselect the object types that you do not want to be displayed.
· Item category, for example, stock or non-stock item
All item categories in the configuration are exploded in the standard system. Remove the
selection for the item categories you do not want to be displayed.
· Item status
You maintain the status of a BOM item in maintain BOM dependent on its usage.
All items are displayed regardless of their item status in the standard system. However,
only the items with this status are displayed when you select specific item statuses. Items
are not displayed that do not have the selected status.
· Sort string
You can assign sort strings for BOM items in maintain BOM. You can restrict the display
of the BOM items by using these sort strings.
Only items that carry sort strings are checked and only those that match are displayed.
Items that have no sort string are always displayed.

5.2 Component availability in the configuration profile

The availability check is just a snapshot, telling that whether the materials required are in
stock at this moment. Several users can access the same material at once. This means that
supply problems can sometimes be overlooked.
Example: Only 2 pieces of a material are in stock, but the material is used in 3 BOMs.
The availability check does not detect a supply problem. The availability check for all 3
BOMs shows 2 pieces in stock.

5.3 Process Overview

There are different processes for configurable materials in sales documents. These
processes can be defined on the Configuration initial screen tab in the configuration
profile, by choosing the Configuration parameter tab.
The Process are described in the following scenarios:
Planned/Production orders
This processing type is used to describe variant products whose configurable materials
are assembled using planned and production orders. The bill of material (BOM) can have
single-level, multi-level, or no explosion.
Sales Order (SET)
This processing type is used to describe variant products that comprise salable
configurable materials. These products are supplied together, but are not assembled in a
production order. Only sales-relevant BOM items are exploded in the sales order.
Order BOM.
You use this processing type if you want to make customer-specific changes to the BOM
of a material that you configure in the sales order. In the sales order, you assign values to
the characteristics of the header material, but the BOM is not exploded in the sales order.

6 Material Variant and Planning Material

6.1 Material Variant

· Material Variant is an material that can arises from individual Configuration of a
configurable product and can be kept in stock
· For variants that are required frequently, we can create material variants, which can be
produced without a sales order and kept in stock. When a sales order is received, it is
possible to check whether the variant required is in stock, so that it can deliver
immediately.
· For material variants, a separate material master record is created with a material type
that is kept in stock.
· Separate BOM and routing for a material variant, or you can link the material variant to
the BOM and routing of the configurable material. The correct BOM items and
operations are determined from the characteristic values assigned to the variant.

6.2 Planning Material

· Planning Material is a material, which contains all the non-variant parts.
· By using planning material all non-variants are procured / produced before sales order.
· It is also possible for Planing the Planning Materials without reference to any sales
requirement.
· Planning material is planned separately using strategy 65 and produced before sales
order creation.

7 Planing in VC

The following strategies are used for planning configurable materials and its variant
parts.

Make to Order production of Variants

? Make to Order for Material Variant. – 26
? Planning Variants without final Assembly- 55
? Planning Variants with planning Material – 65
? Make to order with configurable material.- 25
? Characteristic Planning with dependent requirement – 56 and
? Assembly Processing with Characteristic Planning – 89

8 Variant Configuration: (Object Diagram)

9 Variant Pricing and Surcharges

9.1 Sales BOM

A bill of material (BOM) describes the different components that together create a
product. A BOM for a bicycle, for example, consists of all the parts that make up the
bicycle: the frame, the saddle, wheels, and so on.
When you enter the material number of a bill of materials that is relevant for sales order
processing, the system displays the material that describes the whole bill of materials as a
main item. The individual components are displayed as lower-level items.

There are two ways to process a bill of materials in Sales. Once you have entered a bill of
material in a sales order, the system runs pricing, inventory control, and delivery
processing at: Main item level if the material is assembled, or – Component level if the
material is not assembled.

9.2 Processing at Main Item Level (ERLA)

If you want the system to carry out pricing, inventory control, and delivery processing at
main item level, enter ERLA in the Item category group field of the Sales: sales org. 2
screen in the material master record of the finished product. This means that the
components only function as text items and are not relevant for delivery.

9.3 Processing at Component Level (LUMF)

If you want the system to carry out pricing, inventory control, and delivery processing at
the component level, enter LUMF in the Item category group field of the Sales: sales org.
2 screen in the material master record of the finished product. In this case, only the
components are relevant for delivery. During processing the system automatically creates
a delivery group. The latest delivery date among all the components becomes the delivery
date for the entire delivery group.

10 Configuration of VC
10.1 Production Planning and Control
10.1.1 Creating Material
Use
The purpose of this activity is to create the material masters for the materials required in
this scenario.
Procedure
Access the activity using one of the following navigation options:
SAP Menu Logistics ® Materials Management ® Material Master ® Material ® Create
(General) ® Immediately
Transaction Code MM01

In Material Master of KMAT material following settings are maintained:

· Configurable material indicator in Basic Data must set.
· MRP type is PD.
· Lot size ? EX ( Lot for lot size)
· Availability check ? 02
· Planning Strategy 25 is entered in MRP 3 screen view.
· Item category group 0002 or 0004 is to be given in sales view.

10.1.2 Creating Bill of Material

Purpose:
· The purpose of this activity is to create bills of material (BOMs) for the configurable
material which is known as ?super BOM?
· Super BOM comprise all the variant as well as non-variant parts required for producing
configurable material.

Procedure
1. Access the activity using one of the following navigation options:
SAP Menu Logistics ® Production ® Master Data ® Bills of Material ® Bill of Material
® Material BOM ® Create
Transaction Code CS01

· The Create Material BOM: initial screen appears. On this screen, data that identifies the
bill of material are maintained as well effectivity data.
· In the Material field, the configurable material for which super BOM need to create is
entered.
· Plant and BOM usage is entered. In general BOM usage 1 for production and 3 is for
Universal.
· In Component screen list of variant and non-variant parts are entered along with that
quantity is entered based on Base qty. of the configurable material.
· It is also possible to enter a class as a BOM component with item category ?class Item?.
This class must hold all characteristics and also classified with each material.
· Class type 200 and 300 can be used as a class item.
Following Procedure is followed for assigning class with BOM as a class Item.
· Enter the item category for class items in BOM.
· Make entries in the fields that identify the class
? Class types
? Class
· Enter the quantity.

Enter a unit of measure if appropriate.

The system determines the unit of measure from the additional data of the class.
If a unit of measure without a dimension is maintained in the additional data of the class,
you cannot change this unit.

10.1.3 Creating Characteristic

Purpose:
· Characteristic is created with possible values.
· It is also possible to use table name and its field name in order to change the Object
quantity or values. Ie BOM item quantity or Operation time. This is known as ?Reference
characteristic?.
· For changing BOM quantity Characteristic is created with table name STOP-MENGE is
used.
· For Variant pricing purpose SDCOM-VKOND is used.
· Characteristics allow describing and distinguishing between objects, such as length,
color, or weight within the classification system.

Procedure

SAP Menu Logistic->Centralfunction->Environment->classification->Chracteristics

Transaction Code CT04

· From the classification menu, choose Characteristics.

· Enter data on the initial screen.
· In the Characteristic field, enter a name for new characteristic
· Enter a change number if you want to create the characteristic using engineering change
management.
· To do this, choose processing type Create characteristic.
· You can also copy the data of an existing characteristic. Use the pushbutton Create by
copying. Enter the name of a characteristic you want to copy.
· Confirm the entries.
· On the Basic data tab page enter the most important control data for the characteristic.
· You must maintain the basic data for all characteristics. All other screens are optional.
· In the formatting data for value assignment, whether a characteristic is single-value,
multiple-value, or retractable is defined. It is not possible change the value assignment
indicator once it has set. It applies wherever the characteristic is used.
· The data type of the characteristic determines which values can be entered for the
characteristic. I can any one of the following

Characters
Numeric
Time format/Date format
Currency format and
User defined data type.
· For numeric characteristic it need to maintain that whether interval values to a numeric
characteristic, or only individual values need to be maintain in Basic Data screen itself.
· Languages in which characteristic want to describe are entered.
· Choose the tab page Values.
· Enter values in the entry fields. Enter each value in a separate field.
· The values must match the format that you defined on the Basic Data screen. You can
enter up to the number of characters that you defined in the format.
· If your characteristic is an alphanumeric characteristic, enter a language-dependent
value description. You can enter up to 30 characters.
· It is not possible to enter a language-dependent description for numeric values
· It is also possible to define one value as a default value. This value then appears as a
default in characteristic value assignment functions
· Additional value indicator determines that whether values that are not defined as
allowed values can be assigned to a characteristic
· The following value check strategies are available in value maintenance screen.

Allowed Values:
Check Tables
Function module
Catalog character
· Allowed values permits only values defined in characteristics maintenance are used to
check a characteristic value
· Check table permits only values entered in characteristics maintenance is used to check
a value
· Function module entered is used to check characteristic values.
· Value catalog entered is used to check characteristic values
· Documents, such as drawings or photographs, with characteristics can be linked in
additional data screen. Before link a document to a characteristic, it must create a
document info record in the document management system.
· In this screen it also possible to restrict or hidden or displaying only allowed values to
characteristic.
· It is possible to that characteristic can be only assigned to particular class type by
assigning type in restriction screen.
· To change a characteristic selects the pushbutton Change in characteristics after entering
the characteristic. To display the characteristic chooses the pushbutton Display.

10.1.4 Creating Class:

Purpose:
· A class is used to hold the characteristics that describe a configurable material. By
linking the class to the configurable material, you allow the material to be configured
using the characteristics of the class.

Procedure
SAP Menu Logistic->Central function->Environment->classification->Class
Transaction Code CL01

· Class holds all characteristics describe configurable material.

· Class with class type 300 is used in configuration profile.
· On basic Data screen class description, its status is entered. Status determines:
· whether a class can be maintained
· whether objects can be allocated to a class
· whether the class can be used for selecting objects
· Class group is used to group together related classes and also for finding classes quickly
via a matchcode.
· ?Same Classification ?indicator determines whether system check for identical
characteristic values. In this case, where several objects are assigned that have the same
values for all characteristics to the same class. Depends upon indicator system give
warning or error message or no message.
· Keyword string is used for finding a class via matchcode.The description entered on the
basic data screen serves as the first keyword
· On characteristic screen list characteristic which has to attach with configurable material
is entered.
· Using document tab screen it is possible to assign documents related to configurable
object.
· On additional data screen whether or not this class can be used as a class component in
bills of material. If it is yes then Unit of measure in which stocks of the material are
managed. The system converts all the quantities you enter in other units of measure
(alternative units of measure) to the base unit of measure and resulting item category
which will replace this class item in BOM (i.e. Stock, Non-stock item etc?).

10.1.5 Creating Dependency

Purpose
Dependency describes the interdependencies between characteristics and characteristic
values and it controls which components to be selected from a bill of material (BOM) and
which operations to be selected from a task list. It also changes the field values in BOM
items and operations during configuration.

Procedure

SAP Menu Logistic->Central function->Variant Configuration->dependency->Single

Dependency->Create Dependency
Transaction Code CU01

· From the variant configuration menu, choose Dependency -> Single dependency->
Create
· In initial screen name of the dependency is entered. If dependency need to create for a
specific date, enter a change number. It is also possible to create dependency by copying
from existing dependency.
· On basic data screen the following data are required to enter
A language-dependent description for the dependency
Also possible to enter descriptions in different languages by choosing Descriptions.
Long texts for the dependency, choose Extras -> Documentation.
In the standard R/3 System, the status ?In preparation? when a dependency is created first
time. The status is set to ?Released? when the source code is syntactically correct.
Finally suitable dependency type is selected.

· In Dependency editor the source code for the dependency is entered. Once the source
code is syntactically correct, the source code is saved.
· Now the status of the dependency is turns to ?Released?. Save the Dependency and exit.

10.1.6 Changing Bill of Material (Assign Dependencies)

Purpose:

By assigning dependencies to BOM components, it is possible to restrict the selection of

irrelevant variant parts.i.e correct BOM components are get selected at result of
configuration. It is also possible to change the component quantity depends upon
characteristic value changed.

Procedure
1. Access the activity using one of the following navigation options:
SAP Menu Logistics ® Production ® Master Data ® Bills of Material ® Bill of Material
® Material BOM ® Change
Transaction Code CS02

· Dependencies are assigned with respect to characteristic for each variant part.
· Dependencies are created either locally within object or globally which can be assigned
to any objects.
· In BOM General Item overview screen choose the component in which dependency
need to assign and choose menu path Extras -> Dependency -> assignment of
dependency for assignment.
· It also possible to enter dependency directly in BOM itself by choosing Extras ->
Dependency -> dependency editor.

10.1.7 Creating Configuration Profile

Purpose
· Configuration profile used for assigning configurable material with variant class (300)
and also used to maintain some central settings.
· It is possible to assign more than one configurable profile for one KMAT material.
· The selection of profile depends upon either by priority or by manual selection.
· It is also possible to assign dependencies to configurable profile.
· Class with type 300, which hold the entire characteristics of KMAT material, are
assigned to each profile

Procedure:
Access the activity using one of the following navigation options:
SAP Menu Logistics ® Production ® Master Data ® Material Master ® Environment ®
Configuration Profile ® Create
Transaction Code CU41

· From the Variant Configuration menu, choose Configuration profile->Create.

· A dialog box will be displayed. The object name is entered. Confirm your entries.
· On profile overview screen the following data need to be entered.
· Profile name and the class type of classes used for configuration. In Customizing for the
Classification System, the class type must be defined as a variant class type.
· Choose Goto -> Class assignments or the ?Class assignment ? pushbutton to assign the
object to a class.
· In the classification screen, names of the classes are entered.
· It is possible to restrict allowed characteristic values for the configurable object if
required.
· Release of profile is possible only if configurable object is assigned to a class. To go to
the detail screen, where you define further settings, choose the Profile detail pushbutton
or double-click on the profile.

10.1.7.1 Optional Settings on the Profile Overview

· Organizational Areas
You can specify organizational areas for configuration. If you restrict a profile to specific
organizational areas, you only see the characteristics that are relevant to your area when
you configure the object.
You can change how characteristics are displayed according to organizational area for
your user on the value assignment screen.

· Priority of Configuration Profiles

You can create several configuration profiles for a configurable material. The profile with
the lowest number has the highest priority.
If you define several profiles for an object, you see a dialog box for selecting a profile
when you start configuration. The profile with the highest priority is at the top of the list.
The priority is also relevant if you use Application Link Enabling (ALE) or intermediate
documents (IDocs) to run configuration, rather than dialog mode. In this case, the profile
with the highest priority is selected for the object. Profiles that have no priority are at the
top of the list, because they automatically have priority 0.

10.1.7.2 Profile Detail

· Configuration Profiles for Materials
The configuration profile has several screens. Depending on what you enter for the BOM
explosion and configuration process, fields are shown or hidden.
The parameters you maintain for a material apply to the material as a header material in a
BOM structure. You cannot define separate settings for use of a configurable material as
an assembly in a BOM.

By choosing the Assignments pushbutton, you can assign dependencies to the

configuration profile. You also see this pushbutton on the basic data tab, once at least one
dependency is assigned.
· Basic Data Tab

In the basic data, click on the profile overview data.

If configuration process need to starts with a Start logo, documents are assigned such, as
a graphic showing the product you want to configure, to the variant class.
Configuration Initial Screen Tab

· Configuration parameters

The parameters for BOM explosion and the configuration process in the sales order are
specified here.
BOM application must be entered, if BOM explosion ?None? is selected rather than
single and multi level explosion is selected.
By entering a level of detail for a multi-level configuration, system performance will be
improved.
It is also possible to define a filter and set the indicator for an availability check on
assemblies.

10.1.8 Changing Configuration Profile: Add User Interface Settings

Purpose
Settings for the configuration editor in user interface.

An interface design is used to group characteristics together on the value assignment

screen.
Here it also possible to define object-specific settings for functions in the configuration
editor. These settings are defaults for configuration, and can be overwritten for your user
in the configuration editor.
For all configuration parameters except BOM explosion ?None?, manually select the
screens for the configuration editor and define which screen configuration starts with.
The start screen must be one of the allowed screens.
The indicator for the configuration browser independently of the other start screens can
be selected, because the browser is an additional screen section.

Configuration Profiles for Objects Other than Materials

Object-specific settings for displaying characteristics and characteristic values in the

configuration editor can be defined. These settings are defaults for configuration, and can
be overwritten for your user in the configuration editor.

Procedure
Access the activity using one of the following navigation options:

SAP Menu Logistics ® Production ® Master Data ® Material Master ® Environment ®

Configuration Profile ® Change
Transaction Code CU42
10.1.9 Configuration Simulation

Purpose:
· Configuration simulation is used to check the configuration model. In the configuration
simulation, the whether or not Object structure is created correctly and dependencies are
working fine is checked.
· Simulation of Sales/Engineering

The configuration parameters in the configuration profile apply. Whether the

configuration is simulated from the sales point of view or the engineering point of view is
defined.
If select Sales & distribution is selected the configuration in a sales document will be
simulated (sales order or quotation), so the BOM explosion depends on the settings in the
configuration profile.
If Engineering is selected, the configuration in order BOM processing will be simulated.
The configuration and BOM explosion depend on the configuration parameters in the
same way as when maintaining an order BOM. For example, we cannot configure the
header material, because the configuration is copied from the sales order.
· Simulation of a Planned Order

On the characteristic value assignment screen, we can choose Planned order to display
the components that are determined in material requirements planning (MRP) according
to the characteristic values assigned. This is especially relevant to assemblies whose
BOMs are exploded in MRP, not in Sales & distribution (for example, assemblies with
the BOM explosion setting None in their configuration profile).

Procedure:

SAP R/3 menu Logistics ® Production ® Master Data ® Bills of Material ®

Environment ® Variant Configuration ® Environment ® Configuration Simulation
Transaction Code CU50

· On the initial screen of the configuration simulation, select BOM to display the entire
structure on the result screen.
· If you have created more than one configuration profile for a material, you see a dialog
box. Select a profile and choose Continue. If you want to call detailed information on the
profile, choose Profile Detail or double-click on the profile.
· To display the task list of an assembly on the result screen, select the assembly and
choose View ® Objects ® Task list.
· You see the operations or activities in the task list that was selected for the assembly
during configuration.
· Operations that have been changed by dependencies have an information icon next to
them. You can display changes by choosing Information.
· To return to the BOM explosion, choose View ® Objects ® BOM
10.2 Sales and Distribution
10.2.1 Creating Condition Records – VA00
Purpose:
The purpose of this activity is to create condition records for VA00.

Procedure
1. Access the activity using one of the following navigation options:
SAP Menu Logistics ® Sales and Distribution ® Master Data ® Conditions ® Select
Using Condition Type ® Create
Transaction Code VK11

· Create price for each value of the characteristics by select using condition type VA00.
· Create the Price for the condition type that represents these types of the standard-
delivered condition type for this functionality is ?VA00.?
· Condition type VA00 requires as key fields the sales Organization, distribution channel,
and material number of the configurable.
· Condition type PR00 used to maintain base price of the configurable material.
· Using VA01it is also possible to maintain Surcharges and discounts.

10.2.2 Condition records for Variant Price and Surcharges

Purpose
Condition records allow you to store and retrieve pricing data in the system. All the
pricing elements of your daily business – the prices, discounts, and surcharges for freight
and taxes – that you want to use for automatic pricing must be stored in the system as
condition records. You can define as many condition records as you want for the different
pricing elements for any validity period.
You create condition records for all the pricing elements that the system takes into
account during automatic pricing. During document processing, the system transfers data
from the condition records and determines the amounts for individual pricing elements
(prices, discounts and surcharges) and the final amount for the sales document
Procedure

10.2.2.1 Create a characteristic for the Pricing

Create Pricing characteristic like CAR_Pricing and go to additional data tab give
SDCOM table name VKOND field name.

SAP Menu Logistic->Centralfunction->Environment->classification->Chracteristics

Transaction Code CT04

10.2.2.2 Assign the characteristic to the class

Assign given characteristics to class, In variant configuration, a class is used to hold the
characteristics that describe a configurable material. By linking the class to the
configurable material, it allows the material to be configured using the characteristics of
the class. In the standard R/3 System, the class type for configurable material is 300.
SAP Menu Logistic->Central function->Environment->classification->Class
Transaction Code CL01

10.2.2.3 Create a dependency that triggers the price

A Dependency is a rule that defines how the different options and option values,
represented by characteristics and characteristic values, relate to one another. To create a
dependency, follow the menu path
SAP Menu Logistic->Central_function->VariantConfiguration->dependency->Single
Dependency->Create Dependency
Transaction Code CU01

10.2.2.4 Assign the dependency to the characteristic value that triggers the price
For example eCar2002, the value ?V8? refers to the engine selected by the customer.
Therefore, the dependency must be linked to the value ?V8? of the characteristic that
represents the engine type. To do this, go to the master data record of the characteristic
CAR_ENGINE

SAP Menu Logistic->Centralfunction->Environment->classification->Chracteristics

Transaction Code CT04

Go to the ?Values? tab. From there, select the?V8? entry and use the menu path Extras
Object dependencies Assignments, which brings you to the screenshot to the right; if you
have created a global dependency, you can link it to the characteristic value.2 Once the
dependency has been assigned, the information on this screen, such as the description (?
Engine price?), will default to the information entered when you created the
characteristic.

10.2.2.5 Create variant price

Create price for each value of the characteristics using condition type (or transaction
VK11). Create the Price for the condition type that represents these types of the standard-
delivered condition type for this functionality is ?VA00.? Condition type VA00 requires
as key fields the sales Organization, distribution channel, and material number of the
configurable.
In the same way using condition type VA01 is also used to maintain prices for surcharges
and discounts.

10.2.2.6 Creating the output condition records for sales

Output types are used to represent various forms of output in the SAP system. Examples
of output types in Sales and Distribution processing are order confirmations, freight lists,
and invoices. You use the output type to control how the output should be transmitted, for
example whether an order confirmation should be sent via EDI, or be printed
10.2.3 Creating Output Condition Records: Sales
Purpose:

Output types are used to represent various forms of output in the SAP system. Examples
of output types in Sales and Distribution processing are order confirmations, freight lists,
and invoices. You use the output type to control how the output should be transmitted, for
example whether an order confirmation should be sent via EDI, or be printed
Procedure
1. Access the activity using one of the following navigation options:
SAP Menu Logistics ® Sales and Distribution ® Master Data ® Output ® Sales
Document ® Create
Transaction Code VV11

· Choose Edit >Key combination

· Select the key combination for which condition records are to be created.
· Choose Enter.
· Enter the appropriate key for each condition record, according to the key combination
you selected.
· For transmission medium 1 (Print output) or 7, you can maintain the communication
data. To do this, choose Communication.
· Save the condition records.

10.2.3.1 Creating Output Condition Records: Billing

Purpose
The purpose of this activity is to create output condition records for billing. Output types
are used to represent various forms of output in the SAP system. Examples of output
types in Sales and Distribution processing are order confirmations, freight lists, and
invoices. You use the output type to control how the output should be transmitted, for
example whether an order confirmation should be sent via EDI, or be printed

Procedure
1. Access the activity using one of the following navigation options:
SAP Menu Logistics ® Sales and Distribution ® Master Data ® Output ® Billing
Document ® Create
Transaction Code VV31

Enter an output type.

· Choose Edit >Key combination
· Select the key combination for which condition records are to be created.
· Choose Enter.
· Enter the appropriate key for each condition record, according to the key combination
you selected.
· For transmission medium 1 (Print output) or 7, you can maintain the communication
data. To do this, choose Communication.
· Save the condition records.
10.2.4 Order BOM
Purpose:

Products that are made to order in plant engineering and construction and mechanical
engineering are generally very complex and are specific to one customer. For this reason,
you cannot define a BOM entirely in advance. Once you have created your sales order,
you need to make manual changes to the BOM by creating an order BOM especially for
the sales order, without changing the original BOM.

The sales order, sales order item, and material number identify an order BOM. In variant
configuration, you can work with 2 types of order BOM. The difference is in the way
they are saved.

Knowledge based order BOM

The order BOM is saved as a copy of the super BOM with manual changes and
dependencies.

Result Oriented BOM

The configuration result is saved as an order BOM, with manual changes but without
dependencies.

Procedure (For knowledge based BOM)

SAP Menu Logistics ® Production Planning ® Master Data ® Bills of Material -> Order
BOM Maintain (Multi-Level)
Transaction Code CU51

· The Create Order BOM: initial screen appears.

· Enter the sales order number, the order item, the material number and the BOM usage
· If you want to use material BOM, or an existing order BOM to copy from, go to step 4.
If you want to create an order BOM without a reference, click and go to step 7
· You cannot use a configurable BOM as a reference
· Click on copy order BOM or Click on copy material BOM
· The Copy material BOM or Copy order BOM dialog box appears
· Enter the data required and click . The item overview appears, for the bill of material
you are using as a reference.
· Enter new items and alter items if necessary. Entering items in order BOMs is similar to
entering items in material BOMs. However, you cannot enter class items in order BOMs.