Stage

of development in sperm penetration? Primary oocyte

Ascaris 2n=4

2nd polar body
if there are 2 streaks. The inner is the second, one streak but female pronuclues is formed

What ends fertilization?
Fusion stage



Experiment 3 Gastrulation
Cleavage-after fert, zygote undergoes mitotic div to make blastula
Microlecithal-ectoderms, mammals (little yolk ) Starfish
Mesolecithal –Annelid,amphi, lungfishes Frog
Megalecithal arthropods, birds, reptiles and monotremes Chicks egg
Isolecithal- even distribution
Telolecithal- yolk favored to vegetal pole
Centrolecithal-yolk sa interior of egg, cytoplasm distributed as thin coat


1.CLEAVAGE – produces cells that become arranged distinctly
Cells of cleavage stage is blastomeres
Microlecithal – equal blastomere size
Mesolectihal, pushed to lower, vegetal pole, pole with more yolk will have bigger but fewer
blastomeres(macromeres) while other pole with less yolk will be small blastomeres called
micromeres

VITELLINE Membrane is primary cuz secreted by egg cells
Fertilization membrane is a secondary membrane cuz its secreted by follicle cells


1.1MICROLECITHAL EGG(starfish)
Unfertilized egg- has germinal vesicle, nucleoulus, vitelline membrane.
Fertilized egg- elevated viteline membrane called fertilization membrane, perivitelline space,
germinal vesicle broken down,
Cleavage division- holoblastic radial cleavage

1.2MEDIALECITHAL EGG
DARK ANIMAL HEMISPHERE,
LIGHT VEGETAL HEMISPHERE, MORE YOLK HERE
Look for nucleus, cell stages, fertliztaion membrane

2.1Blastula(hollow ball of cells)
Micro
Blastocoel- walls are epithelial cells,
Blastoderm- blastomeres arranged at the side of embryo enclosing blastocoel
Fertilization membrane- thin membrane, 2ndary membrane
NO ANIMAL AND VEG POLE

Meidalecithal
Animal pole-region of many smallers cells. (micromeres)
Vegetal pole-region of few big cells(macromerres)
Blastocoel-