1.

Rumput Grenting / Panicum dactylon

Technical Details :
Scientific Name : Panicum dactylon is a synonym of Cynodon dactylon
Common Name : Bermuda grass.
Note : Seeds available in the domestic market
Description :
Panicum dactylon is a creeping, spreading, sod-forming, and leafy grass reaching a height of
6-90 cm. It has a deep root system, in drought situations with penetrable soil, the root system
can grow to over 2 meters deep, though most of the root mass is less than 60 centimetres under
the surface. The grass creeps along the ground and roots wherever a node touches the ground,
forming a dense mat.
Panicum dactylon is a stoloniferous grass widely naturalized in tropical and subtropical regions
of the world. This grass is fast-growing and tough, making it popular and useful for sports
fields, as when damaged it will recover quickly. This grass also very drought tolerant by virtue
of rhizome survival through drought-induced dormancy over periods of up to 7 months. After
dormancy, it has the ability to easily re-sprout from stolons and rooted runners. Plants also
recover quickly after fire and can tolerate at least several weeks of deep flooding (Cook et al.,
2005).
Panicum dactylon growth begins at temperatures above 15 °C (59 °F) with optimum growth
between 24 °C - 37 °C (75 and 99 °F). In winter, the grass becomes dormant and turns brown.
Growth is promoted by full sun and retarded by full shade, e.g., close to tree trunks.
2. Rumput Embun / Polytrias ammaura Hacky
Technical Details :
Scientific Name : Polytrias ammaura Hacky is a synonym of Polytrias indica
Common Name : Java grass, Batiki bluegrass, Indian murainagrass, or toto grass
Note : Seeds available in the domestic market

Polytrias ammaura is native to old world tropics in South and Southeast Asia. It is a annual
herb, not confined to wetlands but often grows in common places, rice fields, along ditches and
canals (Cook 1996). It mostly grows in cultivated fields, moist places and on hill slopes. It is
very common by the roadsides, in wastelands, margins of forests and open grasslands (Yadav
and Sardesai 2002).
Polytrias ammaura grows horizontally which constitutes a surplus, because no intensive
trimming required, and should be noted that this grass grows on the open fields with enough
sun so this grass will be better. The treatment required are cutting by green mower, or minimum
by brush cutting machine.
Polytrias ammaura grass can grow in the red soil, sandy soil, even rocky, and those interesting
was this grass has soft feather as dew storage, when exposed to the sun's heat, it will be released,
and if grown extensively such dew points will gather and flow like spring, this occurs on the
rock which cannot absorb the water.
3. Rumput Golf / Poa pratensis
Technical Details :
Scientific Name : Poa pratensis
Common name : Kentucky Bluegrass (or blue grass)
Note : Seeds available in the domestic market

Technical Details :
Poa pratensis, commonly known as Kentucky Bluegrass (or blue grass) is a herbaceous
perennial plant 30–70 centimetres tall which leaves have boat-shaped tips.
The rootstock is creeping, with runners (rhizomes). The broad, blunt leaves tend to spread at
the base, forming close mats.
Poa pratensis, has been used for lawns, athletic fields, golf course fairways, and been widely
planted for pastures in regions where it thrives.
4. Rumput Jarum / Andropogon aciculatus Retz
Technical Details
Scientific name : Andropogon aciculatus (Retz) is synonym of Chrysopogon aciculatus (Retz)
Common name :
Note :
Andropogon aciculatus is a synonym of Chrysopogon aciculatus (Retz) has a dense, leafy
perennial grass, creeping and branching below, with short horizontal stems. This grass can be
found from India to China and southward through Malaya to tropical Australia and Polynesia.
The using of the grass are for ground cover because they grow extensively by rhizomes to form
a dense ground cover and also used for erosion control, weaving straw used for weaving hats,
mats, etc.
5. Rumput Manila / Zoysia matrella Merr
Technical Details
Scientific Name : Zoysia matrella Merr
Common name : Manila grass
Note :

Zoysia matrella Merr., commonly known as Manila grass, is a species of mat-forming,

perennial grass native to temperate coastal southeastern Asia and northern Australasia.
It forms extensive, velvety, green mats, spreading vigorously by stolons, or occasionally by
rhizomes, once established. Z. matrella grows in low elevation preferring sandy soils where
other grasses establish poorly. The stems are slender and prostrate, ranging from 5–25 cm in
length. The leaves are alternate, produced at 1.5–3 cm intervals along the stem.
Manila grass is grown as an ornamental grass, and is used for turf on golf courses, as a lawn
grass, and is planted for grazing stock among the trees on tropical coconut plantations. In
addition to its ability to grow on sandy soils, it tolerates high salinity, making it ideal for erosion
control and lawns in coastal areas.
6. Rumput Paitan / Axonopus compressus
Technical Details
Scientific Name : Axonopus compressus
Synonyms : Axonopus compressus, Milium compressum, Paspalum compressum, Paspalum
platycaule, Paspalum platycaulon

Common name : blanket grass, broadleaf carpet grass, lawn grass, Louisiana grass, tropical carpet
grass (English); teppichgras (German); capim-bananal, pasto-chato (Portuguese); alfombra, grama
ancha, grama bahiana, grama brasilera, grama trenza, zacate amargo (Spanish); nudillo
(Peru); barbacoa (Venezuela); bes-chaitgras (Suriname); cañamazo (Cuba); rumput pahit,
papahitan, jukut pahit (Indonesia); cow grass, rumput parit (Malaysia); carabao grass, kulape
(Philippines); ya baimaln, ya-malaysia (Thailand); savannah grass (West Indies).

Axonopus compressus is creeping stoloniferous grass, forms a dense mat on the ground
surface, rarely reaching more than 15 cm tall. New shoots developing from older nodes can
be up to 50 cm tall.
Axonopus compressus is rooted stoloniferous and shortly rhizomatous perennial, with glabrous, forms
a dense mat with foliage 15-20 cm tall, and flowering culms mostly 30-45 cm can be mowed to a turf.
This grass can grows in sub-humid and humid woodland and savannah , flourishing in moist soils. It is
native to North America, Mesoamerica, Caribbean, South America. But this grass widely naturalised
in the humid tropics and subtropics, especially west tropical Africa, South Africa, India, Philippines,
Indonesia, Australia and the Pacific Islands.

It is often used as a permanent pasture, ground cover, and turf in moist, low fertility soils,
particularly in shaded situations. While not optimal, it is occasionally used for football fields
especially those which are not for elite competitions or where only a low level of maintenance
can be done.

Axonopus compressus mostly found in areas with an annual rainfall of 1,000-4,000 mm and isn't
very drought -tolerant. While preferring moist soils, it does not withstand prolonged flooding or
permanently swampy conditions. This grass can adapted to well to moderately drained sandy or
sandy-loam soils, but also to light clays and peats. Best in acid soils with pH 5.5-6, iron chlorosis
above pH 7. Low tolerance of salinity (<4 dS/m).
7. Rumput Peking / Agrostis canina
Scientific Name : Agrostis canina
Common name : velvety bentgrass, brown bent or velvet bent
Note :
Agrostis canina is a perennial plant, with stolons but no rhizomes, and culms which grow to a height
of up to 75 centimetres. The leaf blades are 2–15 cm long and 1–3 mm wide, with an acute or
acuminate ligule up to 4 mm long.
Agrostis canina is sensitive to drought, but is common in damp places, including ditches and lake
margins. The short, green growth of A. canina has made it popular as a lawn grass.
8. Bothriochloa bladhii
Scientific Name : Bothriochloa bladhii (Retz.) S. T. Blake
Common name : Australian bluestem, Caucasian bluestem, forest-bluegrass, and purple plume
grass
Note :
Bothriochloa bladhii (Retz.) S. T. Blake is a diverse species distributed widely through Africa, Asia
and Australia. This grass is primarily used as permanent pasture on lower fertility soils. Fine leaf and
stem make good hay providing cut before flowering. Limited value for standover feed due to high
concentration of inflorescences and loss of quality due to rust disease.

The soil requirements for this grass is soils with textures from sandy loam to clays and hard-setting
clay loams, with pH from 5.5-8.4. Grows on both fertile and infertile soils, provided exchangeable
aluminium levels are fairly low.

This grass grows naturally in areas with rainfall to > 2000 mm, often with a distinct dry season. A
drought-hardy species, particularly if well grazed to reduce the amount of foliage and hence, water
use. Cultivars have been successful mostly in areas with rainfall above 750 mm, although can
tolerate as low as 600 mm/yr. Can stand temporary waterlogging and flooding, but not tolerant of
permanently wet conditions.
9. Chrysopogon aciculatus (synonym Andropogon aciculatus)
10. Dichantium aristatum (native)
Scientific Name : Dichantium aristatum
Synonyms : Andropogon aristatus, Andropogon nodosus, Dichanthium nodosum.
Common name : angleton grass (Australia, Cuba); alabang X (Philippines); angleton blue-stem,
yellow bluestem (USA); wildergrass (Hawai'i); hierba angleton, puntero (Spanish); antigua hay
grass (Caribbean); swamp grass (New Caledonia).
Note :

Dichantium aristatum is native to India and possibly parts of southeast Asia. And now found
throughout the tropics and subtropics area. This grass uses as permanent pasture in seasonally flooded
or waterlogged land. Good for waterway and bank stabilisation, and suppression of invasive weeds
such as Phyla canescens (Verbenaceae) in flood-plain areas.

Soil requirement for this grass occurs mostly on dark or red clay soils, with a neutral to alkaline
pH. Can extend onto hard setting duplex soils if moisture is adequate. Generally not suited to light
textured soils, but will grow on calcareous sands. Often found on fertile soils, but not fertility
demanding.

Dichantium aristatum grows mostly in moderately dry to moist areas with annual summer rainfall
from 750-1,400 mm, but also as low as 650 mm and as high as 2,000 mm, sometimes with a long dry
season. This grass is Moderately drought tolerant, although killed out by prolonged dry
conditions. Very tolerant of flooding and waterlogging.
11. Dichantium caricosum (native)
Scientific Name : Dichanthium caricosum (L.)
Synonyms : Andropogon caricosus L.
Common name : Nadi blue grass (Fiji); Antigua hay grass (West Indies); jiribilla (Cuba); roadside
bluestem (USA).
Note :

The characteristic of Dichanthium caricosum is a creeping stoloniferous perennial with blue-tinged

stems and fine pointed leaves. This grass is native to South Asia (India & Sri Lanka), Indo-China
(Myanmar & Thailand), Malesia (Indonesia, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea). The uses is for a semi-
improved perennial grazing pasture with excellent ground cover , for permanent pastures, and erosion
control.
12. Heteropogon contortus (native)
13. Ischaemum timorense (native)
Scientific Name : Ischaemum timorense
Synonyms : Andropogon timorensis (Kunth), Ischaemum macrurum
Common name : centipede grass; lucuntu grass; loekoentoegras (Surinam, Dutch); stalkleaf
muraina grass (USA, Hawaii); bhenta, rumput apet, jukut jampang manggung, jukut tambaga,
kalamenta, kalameta, lambeta, lameta, suket tembaga, tatambagaan, tembagan, tembagen
(Indonesia); rumput sarang buaya (Malaysia); mom timor (Vietnam); waidoi grass
(Fiji); tametamml (Palau); local batiki (Western Samoa).
Note :

Ischaemum timorense is a variable, spreading, perennial (or annual), with ascending, scrambling, or
stoloniferous growth habit, and fertile culms 15–60 cm tall. This grass is native to Indonesia,
Malaysia, Myanmar, Papua New Guinea, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, Timor Leste, and Vietnam.

This grass can be found on grassy roadsides, banks of terraces, along ditches and forest margins, and
as a weed in upland rice fields. It uses for permanent pasture, frequently naturalised on heavily
grazed communal land where it provides good ground cover against erosion and good quality edible
feed. Useful as a shade tolerant cover under trees.
14. Melinis minutiflora (native)
Scientific Name : Melinis minutiflora
Synonyms : Melinis tenuinervis, Panicum melinis, Panicum minutiflorum
Common name : capim gordura (Brazil); ikivutavuta (Burundi); cimvurabo (Democratic Republic
of Congo); Brazilian stinkgrass, dordura grass, efwatakala grass, gordura grass, honey grass,
molasses grass, stink grass, w(h)ynne grass (English); herbe à miel, herbe molasses, mélinis
(French); Venezuela grass (India); puakatau (Polynesia, also = Brachiaria mutica ); yaragua
(Spanish - Colombia, also = Hyparrhenia rufa); calinguero (Spanish - Costa Rica); melado (Spanish
- Cuba); yerba agua (Spanish - Dominican Republic); yerba melao (Spanish - Puerto Rico); chopín,
pasto de gordura, gordura (Spanish - South America); capín melao, capín meñao (Spanish -
Venezuela); futaute (Tanzania).
Note :

Melinis minutiflora is native in Africa, Atlantic Ocean, Indian Ocean, Grassland, shady places and
rocky slopes in subhumid and humid climates, sometimes forming pure stands, and grows naturaly
throughout tropics & subtropics.
It used as a vigorous pasture grass, a fast-establishing pioneer to suppress weeds and cover
disturbed soil.
Melinis minutiflora grows on a variety of well-drained soils, with surface textures ranging from sands
to medium clays. Tends to grow most vigorously on steep hillsides and road cuttings. Tolerant of
low fertility, pH from 4.5-8.4, and high aluminium. Responds to improved fertility. Intolerant of
salinity.
The moisture native for this grass is in areas with annual rainfall between about 750 mm and 2,500
mm, and mostly from about 1,000-2,000 mm. Relatively drought-hardy over a dry season of four to
five months. Does not tolerate waterlogging or flooding.
Melinis minutiflora largely found between 800 and 2,200 m asl in the tropics and subtropics, in areas
with average annual temperatures from 18 ºC - 21ºC and mean temperature of the coldest month
between 6 and 15ºC. Higher growth rate at 30ºC than at 20ºC. Foliage is "burnt" by frost, and
repeated heavy frost kills the plant.
15. Panicum repens (native)
16. Stenotaphrum secundatum (native)
Scientific Name : Stenotaphrum secundatum
Synonyms : Ischaemum secundatum
Common name : buffalo grass (Australia); St. Augustine grass (USA); buffalo couch
(Vanuatu); chiendent de boeuf, gros chiendent (French); pimento grass (Jamaica); manienie-haole,
akiaki-haole (Hawai'i); pasto San Augustín, falso kikuyu, grama San Agustín, lastÓn, gramÓn,
gramillÓn (Spanish); and confusingly as carpet grass , crabgrass, and wiregrass which are more
commonly used for Axonopus, Digitaria and Aristida respectively.
Stenotaphrum dimidiatum is known as herbe bourrique (Madagascar); buffalo grass, and pemba
grass.
Note :
Stenotaphrum secundatum has stoloniferous perennial, forming dense leafy mat to about 20 cm,
with ascendant, much branched culms to 50 cm. Forms dense turf when regularly mowed or
grazed. Stems flattened. Leaf-sheaths strongly compressed and keeled; leaves stiff, blue-grey in
colour (some varieties more green), mostly glabrous except at base.

This grass is native to Kenya, Tanzania, Mozambique, Zimbabwe, Madagascar, Mauritius, Reunion,
Seychelles, India (Kerala) and Sri Lanka, but naturalised elsewhere in the tropics.
Although commonly found on siliceous and calcareous sands near the sea, it also grows on a wide
range of well or poorly drained soils, from sandy loams to light clays. Found in infertile to
moderately fertile soils with pH from 5.0-8.5 (calcareous sand). Has good tolerance of soil salinity (to
15 dS/cm) and of wind-borne salt from the sea.

this grass Commonly grows in 20ºC - 30ºC in the areas with rainfall from 1,000->2,000mm in the
humid tropics and subtropics, although will colonise moister situations in areas down to 750
mm. While moderately drought tolerant, it prefers good moisture, and can withstand temporary
flooding and waterlogging. Grows best between about.
17. Eremochloa ophiuroides (native)

Eremochloa ophiuroides commonly known as centipedegrass is a warm season lawn grass

that is thick sod forming, uniform hugs the ground growth spreading by stolons, and medium
to light green colored. It has a coarse texture with short upright seedhead stems that grow to
about 3-5 inches.

Centipedegrass is a low maintenance grass.[1] It requires infrequent mowing.[2] Centipedegrass

has medium shade tolerance and limited traffic tolerance.[3]

Centipedegrass is shallow rooted[4] and has poor drought tolerance.[5] During summer months
soil moisture should be monitored. Centipede grass should only be watered when stressed,
and only when the soil can be watered four to six inches.[6]

Centipedegrass survives in mild cold temperatures as long as there aren’t several hard freezes
since it doesn’t go into a true dormancy. With light freezes it will turn brown but recover and
re-green as the temperature rises.

Centipedegrass does well in sandy and acidic soils.[7] Centipede grass has low fertilization
requirements. Too much nitrogen encourages the stolons to grow above the soil instead of on
the soil which then reduces its cold and drought tolerance.

When healthy, this full sun and slightly shade tolerant grass is aggressive enough to choke
out weeds and other grasses.

Centipedegrass seed is native to Southern China and was introduced to the United States in
1916.[8] It has since become one of the common grasses in the southeastern states and Hawai'i.
18. Ischaemum ciliare (native)
Scientific Name : Ischaemum ciliare
Synonyms : Ischaemum aristatum, Ischaemum ciliare, Ischaemum indicum, Spodiopogon villosus
Common name : batiki bluegrass, (m)balanga grass (Fiji); indian murainagrass (North
America); smutgrass (English); pasto ratana (rattana, rotana) (Spanish); blemblem, rumput padang
(Indonesia); rumput gerek telinga (Malaysia); ya wai, ya-yonhu (Thailand); toto grass
(Surinam); mom an (Vietnam).
Note :

Ischaemum ciliare grass is a tufted or spreading stoloniferous perennial, rooting freely at the
lower nodes, and forming a dense mat under regular defoliation.
This grass is native to Bangladesh, China, India, Malaysia, Myanmar, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand,
Vietnam. It can be found in open, grassy glades in lowland forests, roadsides, ditch banks, pond
margins, and lawns.

it is usually used for good ground cover with rapid spread from cuttings giving good competition
against annual weeds after soil disturbance or clearing of forest. It also often used as a turf. This
grass moderate but stable production on poor soils on sloping land.

Ischaemum ciliare can be Adapted across a wide range of soil textures (except on sandy or coralline
soils), fertility levels and soil reaction; pH 5.5–7. It is especially useful on very acid, low fertility soils
with high Al, and can tolerate poor drainage and some salinity.
 I. ciliare grows best in the lowland tropics, although it extends to >600 m asl in Costa Rica and
Western Samoa. It is unproductive in cooler environments, having an optimum growing temperature
between 30 and 35ºC and no frost tolerance . Although a variable species and sometimes found in
seasonally dry monsoonal regions, I. ciliare has greatest application in the wet tropics with up to
7,000 mm rainfall. It is not drought tolerant, but has good flood tolerance.

19. Chrysopogon zizanioides (native)