MEDICAL TOOLS

DISUSUN OLEH :
ELSA MEI HARTATI SIAHAAN
NIM : 16-01-477

PROGRAM DIPLOMA III KEPERAWATAN

AKADEMI KEPERAWATAN PEMERINTAH
KABUPATEN TAPANULI TENGAH
T.A 2017/2018
 FOREWORD

By offering praise and thanksgiving to the presence of God Almighty, I can finally finish this
paper in a timely manner. Paper entitled “ Types, Benefits and Methods of use of Medical
Devices in Nursing Services ” which is an ssignment that must be completed to fulfill the
assignment by the Lecturer. Not to mention I also thank the friends who have supported in
completing this paper. I realize that this paper that this paper that I am completing is far from
perfect, for which I expect the constructive criticism and suggestion from the readers, for the
sake of the perfection of this paper. Finally I say many thanks. And hopefully this paper can
provide knowledge to students and readers.

Sihaporas, 09 January 2017

Authors
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

FOREWORD………………………………………………………………………….
TABLE OF CONTENTS………………………………………………………………
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION……………………………………………………….
1.1 Background…………………………………………………………………………
1.2 Problem Formulation
1.3 Destination Problem………………………………………………………………...
CHAPTER II DISCUSSION…………………………………………………………..
2.1 Understanding of health equipment
2.2 Type and Type of Medical Devide
2.3 Benefits and Functions of Medical Devices
2.4 Principles and Procedures for Use of Medical Tools
2.5 Aseptic and Antiseptic Principles on Medical Devices
2.6
 CHAPTER I
PRELIMINARY

1.1 Bakground
Many disease that disrupt the survival of many communities. These disease not only arise
because of negligence from the sufferes themselves. But also from the outside environment
that is the vicinity. Ussually the patients in the hospital most easily contracted with various
that can endanger their own lives.

The most important step that must be done during work in the microbiology pratice room is
sterilization. The material or equipment used should be in a sterile state. Sterilization is the
proces of eliminating all kinds of living organisms, in the case is the miroorganisme contained in
an object. This process involces the application of biocidal agents or physical processes or
physical processes in order to kill or eliminate microorganisms, Every process of both physics,
chemistry and mechanics kills all life forms especially microorganisms called sterilization. The
presence of microorganisms growth shows that bacterial growth is still ongoing and imperfect
sterilization.

Sterilization is designed to kill or eliminate microorganisms, The target of an inactivation

method depends on the method an thype of microorganism that depends on the nucleic acid,
protein or membrane of the microorganism. Chamical agent for sterilization is called strilant.
(Pratiwi,2006). Sterilization is mostly done in hospitals through physical, chemical and
mechanical processes. Every process (both physics, chemistry and mechanics) that kills all life
forms, especially microorganisms, is called sterilization. The presence of microorganisms growth
indicates that bacterial growth is still ongoing and imperfect the sterilization process. If
sterilization is complete, then bacterial spores, which are the most resistant of microbial life, will
be diluted (Cappuccino, 1983).

Breeding of microbes in the laboratory requires a medium containing nutrients as well as a

growth enviroment corresponding to microorganisms. Nutrients are used by microorganisms for
growth, cell synthesis, energy requirements in metabolism, and movement. Typically, the culture
medium contains water, energy sources, nutrients as a source of carbon, nitrogen, sulfur
phosphate, oxygen, hydrogen, and other elements. In the medium substance can also be added
growth factor in the form of amino acids, vitamins, or nucleotides (Lim, 1998).
1.2 Problem Formulation
What are the Types and Types of Medical Device?
What are the Benefits and Functions of Medical Device?
What are the Principles and Procedures for Use of Medical Tools?
What are the Aseptic an Antiseptic Principle on Medical Device?
How to care for sterile tools?
What Understanding Sterilization
Storage tool age that been sterilized?

1.3 Objectives
The purpose of making this paper is;
1. In order for the reader to know what Type and Type of Medical Device
2. In order for readers to know what Benefits and Functions of Medical Device
3. In order for the reader to know what principles and procedures the use of tools
4. In order for readers to be aware of the Aseptic and Antiseptic Principles in Medical
Device
5. In order for the reader to know How to Maintain sterile tools
6. In order for the reader to know Sterilization Understanding
7. In order for readers to know how Storage tool age has been sterilized
Google Translate for Business:Translator Toolkit
 CHAPTER II
DISCUSSION

2.1 Type and Type of Medical Device

1. Glassware : The reaction tube
2.Tools of metal : Hammer reflex
3. Tool from plastic : Infusion set

2.2 Benefits and Functions of Medical Devices

1.Reaction Tubes
Reaction tubes is a tube made of a kind of glass or plastic that can withstand tempreture
changes and is reistant to chemical reactions.Tube reaction is equipped with a lid there is also a
lidless.Consists of various sizes depending on needs.Reaction tubes are also called test tube or
culture tube.Culture tube is a lip-free reaction tube normally used for microorganism culture in
liquid medium.
The Function of test tube among others are:
-As a Place to react chemicals
-To performs chemical reactions on a small scale
-As a breeding ground for microbes in a liquid medium
As the name implies,the function of the test tube is as a place where we react chemicals
in the laboratory.This tool is made of clear glass material so that the chemical reaction process in
this tube can be seen clearly by the analyst.Thistube also has the properties of resistance to
heat/fire,because as we know some chemical reaction processes running with the need for
heat.Several kinds of r reactions that tyipcally use these tubes are oxidation/reaction.
The test tube is one of the necessary tools in every chemical experiment,so we often see
the tube brush propellant in a chemical laboratory.The main function of a reaction tube brush
pipette is to clean the test tube,measuring cup,measuring flask and others after use.
The reaction tube or Test Tube is widely used by chemists to retain, mix, or small
amounts of heat pf solid or liquid minimize the mass loss when poring, making them easter to
clean, and allowing conveniet monitoring of the contents. Long, narrow neck slows the spread of
steam and gas into the environment.
A test tube or test filled with water and upside down into a glass of water is often used to capture
gas, for example in electolysis demonstrations.
Human blood samples werw collected for blood tests.
Culture tubes are often used in biology for handling and culture of all types of living organisms,
such as fungi, bacteria, seeds, cuttings, ets. and in the field of medicine and forensics to store
blood or other fluids
Tube with a stopper is often used for temporary storage of chemical or biological samples.
The reaction tubes are ussually held in special purpose shelves, clamps, or clamps. Some
shelves for the cultured Tube Test are designed to hold the Test Tube in an almost horizontal
position, so as to maximize the surface of deep culture for spices.
The reaction tube is sometimes used for casual use outside the laboratory enviroment, for
example as a flower vase, a glass for a certain weak image. Or a container spices.
Where a large number of test are run ur only small amounts are avaible for testing, or
booth, micro plates, manotiter plates, or picotiter plates are often used as small test tubes.

2. Reflex Hammer
Reflex hammer (reflex hammer) is used to cheek the reflection ability of certain parts of
our body, usually our knees.
Function REFLEX HAMMER Tool. Reflex hammer or reflex hammer is used to cheek the
reflexion capability of certain parts of our body, usually our knees.
As we know, refletction is a reaction of the body or part of our body that is not accidental,
which occurs because fo a stimulus from the outside continue through the taste buds to the center
of the reflex, which the channeled to the driving nerves and Tools is ussually used by a specialist
neurologist to the driving nerves and muscles that continue to make movements reflex it.
Therefore the REFLEX HAMMER Tool is usually used by a specialist neurologist to detect the
extent of reflex function and usually this tool is shaped like a hammer.
Reflex Hammer/ reflex hammer is a medical device used by doctors to test the tendons in/
knee reflexes. Patient reflexity in the central or peripheral nervous system.
This triangle/ tailor tool is used to examine the reflection ability of body parts. The handle is
made of stainless steel. The hammer is made of soft rubber so it is not painful for the patient.
Functions Of Use The hammer reflex tool is
1. To provoke reactions and reflexes, because testing an important part of physical
examination
2. To detect abnormalities in the central or peripheral nervous system

3.Infusion Set
Infuse Set is a tool used by medical offcers to install an IV
Infuse Set is divided into 2, namely:
1. Micro Set Infusion, the infusion set that can hold a liquid about 60 ml/ drip
2. Infusion Set Macro, which is infusion set that is used for patients who need fluids in large
volumes, about 100-1000 ml.
This infusion hose function for fluid entry. As the name implies the infusion set is used of special
intravenous fluids when transets are used for transfusions.
Infusion set can not be used for transets and transets can be used for infusion set, the defference
is in the filter if the transt and transets can be used for infusion set, the diffrence is in the filter if
the transet is saringanya if infusion set does not exist. Picture beside is infusion set.

2.3 Principles and Procedure for Use of Medical Tools

1. The reaction tube
Working principle : That place where we react chemicals in the laboratory
2. The hammer reflex
Working principle :It is used to check the reflection ability of certain parts of our body,
usually our kness.
3. Infusion set
Working principle : It is used by medical personnel to isntall the infusion
4. Bed linen
Working principle : It is used to cover the matters
 5. Pipette
Working principle : It is used in molecular biology test, analytical chemistry, as well as
medicine
6. Catherther
Working principle : That is used to remove/take urine

2.4 Aseptic and Antiseptic Principles on Medical Devices

Aseptic is to prevent the occurrence of contamination by microorganisms on the network
of materials and sterile tools
Principles of general aseptic action :
Any object that touches a wounded skin or inserted into the skin to inject amoething into
the body, or that is inserted into a sterile body cavity should be sterile.
1. Never stay away from the back or sterile places
2. Hold objects that are sterile, as high as the waist so that the will always be visible and this
prevents contamination outside a sterile object
3. Avoid talking, coughing, sneezing or reaching a sterile object
4. Do not spill any solution on a sterile fabric or paper
5. Open the sterile package in such a way that the end the wrapper does not lead to the
officer.
6. Sterile objects become containated, in in contact with non-sterile objects.
7. The liquid flows according to the direction of the earth’s appeal, if the forcep is held so
that the desinfectant liquid touches the sterile part, the forcep is contaminated.
Antiseptic is to prevent the occurrence of infection by inhibiliting or destroying the growth of
pathogen organisms in the wound.
Use of disinfectant/ antiseptic :
1. General skin desinfection (pre Operation) with a 1:30 savlon solution in 70 % alcohol.
Hibiscrup 0,5% in 70% alcohol.
2. Hand and skin defisnfection with Chlorrhexidine 4% (hibiscrup) at least 2 minute
3. For Obgin case (preparation of partus, vulva hygiene, neonatal hygiene). Hibiscrup 0.5%
in Aquadest Savlon 1:300 in aqua hibiscrup
 2.5 Definition of Sterilization
Sterlization is a way to free an object from all, both vegetative and spore forms. The process
of sterilization is bused in the filed of microbiology to prevent the digestion of external
organisms, in the field of surgery to maintain aseptic state, in the manufacture of food and drugs
to ensure the safety of contamination by microorganisms and in other fields also this sterilization
is also imprortant. Steralization is also said to be an action to kill pathogens or apatogenic
bacteria along with spores contained in the treatment or medicine by boiling, stopping, using
high heat, or even chemistry. Types of sterilization include rapid sterilization, dry heat
sterilization, gas stratization (Formalin H2, O2), and ionizing radiationn. Things to note in
steralization include :
1. Sterilisator (sterilizing tool) must be ready to use, clean, and still working
2.