APPENDIX A.t Fundamental Constants and Conversion Factors Ad-L Gas Law Constant & ‘Numerical Value unis 19872 197 82057 em? -atm/g mol: K 831434 J/kg. mol: K 82057 x 10° m?-atm/kg mol-K 8314.34 kkgem'/s?-kg mol K 10731 $0 :Ibyin? Ib mol-"R oo 1 aum/lo mol:°R 1545.3 Fe lg mol *R s31434 sm! Pajka mol K Ad? Volume and Density 1 gmolideal gas at OC, 760 mm Hg = 22.4140 ters = 2241400? {Mb mel ideal gas at OPC, 760mm Hig = 3590582 {eg mot idea! gas 80°C, 760 mm Hig = 22.414? Density of dry ait at OFC, 760 mm He = 12929 efiver = 0080711 Tey? Molecolar weight of air = 28.97 Ibq ib mol = 28.97 be mol 1 gem? = 6243 bgt? = 1000 kg/m? 1 gem? = 8.6515 US. gal byt? = 160185 kg/=* =2.540em 10Gcm = 1 m (meter)139476 x 10¢ yem-s? 1 prin ~ 6.89476 x 10* dyer? 1 dynjom? ~ 2.0886 5 10°? 1 psia = 6.80496 x 10? Nie! = 689476 x 10° Pa 1 Thy = 47880 x 10? dynjem! = 47880 Nisa? J mmbig(O°C) = 1.333224 « 1G Nim? = 011338228 kPa 1 psia AAD Power 1 hp = 074570 kW 1 watt (W) = 14340 cal/msin I hp = 590 toys 1 buu/h = 0.29307 W (watt) I hp = 07008 buys 15/5 Goule/s) w AAI-LO Heat, Energy, Work LEST Nem tig)? Dkg-m#)at = 13 Goul) = 107 gem)? ora) 1 bes = 1055065 = 108906 KI 1 bu = 25216 cal thermochemical) 1 kcal(therreochemical) » 1000cal = $.1840KJ 1 cal (hermechernical) = 4.1340) Leal (TT)= 4.18685 1 btu = 251.996eai (IT) bey = 778.17 Ib, Lip: = 0.2857 kWh Ubp-h = 25445 bra te tby = 1.355825 1h hth, = 29890,Hke As-t1 Thermal Conductivity 1 buu/hs ft *F = 4.1365 x 10° ealls-em-"C 1 ewe ft-*F = 173073 W/mK AWI2 Heat Transfer Coefficient 1 btulh ft? °F = 1.3571 « 10° eal/s-em? °C 1 btuh- ft? °F = 5.6183 x 10~* Wiem?=°C 1 btu fe? F = 5.6783 Wim? K 1 keal/hm?<“F = 02088 buh f-“F ALLI3-_ Viscosity ep = 107? gfem-s (poise) 24191 Ibg/tb 1 ep = 67197 x 10" *Ibgft-s I ep = 1072 Pa-s= 1079 kgjm-s = 10"? N- sim? Lop = 20886 x 107? Iby-s/t? 1 Pars = LN-sim? = 1 kyim-s = 1000 ep = 0.67197 Ibg/ft-s1 imicron = 10°F m = 10° em = 10°? mm ~ 1 pm (micrometer 1 A(angetrom) = 10°! mn = 10° ym 1 mile = 5280 Lm = 3.2808 ft = 39.37 in. At Mass 1 bg = 453.59 g = 0.45359 ke Lib, = 16 02 = 700 grains Tkp'= 1000g = 22046 It, 1 ton (short) = 2000 Ib, 1 tom(tong) ~ 2240 by Vion (metric) = 1000h, A.b5) Standard Acceleration of Gravity 9 = 9.80565 m/s? 980.565 cm/s? 32174 ys? 9, (gravitational conversion factor) 32.1740 Ig bys? = 980.665 by c/gc'5? ALL6 Volume 1 lites) = 1000 em? Tin! = 16.387 cm” If? = 28.317 Lite) | US. gal = 3.7854 L (ite 1M? = 0028317 m?—— | US. gal = 3785.4 cm" 1? = 7481 US. gal British gal = 1.20094 US. gal Tm? = 26817 US. gl 1m? = 35.313 0 ALT Force 15: (dyn) = 10°F kgm? = 10°* N (aes 1 g-em/st = 72330 x 10°? Ib fis? (poundal) kgm? = IN (acwton) by = 44482 N Igver/st = 22481 10-6, AUB Presse x 108 Pa(gaseal) = 1x 10° N/m? 1 byfin? 1 prin 20360 n. Hg at0°C 1 pet = 2.311 BHO at 10°F I psia = 51.715 mm Hat OC Gg = 13.5955 elem’) {atm = 14696 psa = 1.01325 x 10° N/m? = 101325bar Jatmn = 760 mm Hg at O'C = 101525 « 10° Pa Late = 29921 in, Hgat°C atin = 390 it1,0at4'C