in Fig. 221.

The square from which it

was created has been omitted. The rest of
the planning for this archway is as fol-
lows:
The sacred cut divides the basic square
into nine quadratic areas: five squares and
four rectangles.
Four of the squares are in the four
corners of the diagram, the fifth in the
centre. Weare interested in the square
in the lower right corner of the basic
square, i.e. three corners of which are
numbered 44-3-40.
At the point where the upper hori-
zontal sacred cut of this square (51-54)
intersects line 35-36 (produced) we have
the centre of the circle on which the two
side arches were created.
Just as the lowe?" horizontal sacred cut
in the basic square indicated the ledge of
the main archway, so the upper horizon-
tal sacred cut in the two small squares in-
dicate the corresponding projecting ledge
in the two side arches.
Thus we see that the same factor, the
sacred cut, was responsible for the curve
of all three arches.
The curve of the side arch, at its inter-
section with 51-54, indicates the width of
##331
##the side gateway, one side of which is indi-
cated by the vertical sacred cut (39-40)
in the basic square. The other side has
been shown by broken line 52-53.
This more or less rounds off our search
for the main dimensions in the Arch of
Constantine. Once again we have satisfied
ourselves that they stem from one single
proportion, i.e. the size of the basic square.
Once this has been located it is virtually
a matter of routine to the exponent of
ancient geometry to trace the remaining
dimensions. And it is interesting in this
case to note how closely the analysis just
completed corresponds to analytical dia-
grams of temple-planning in Greece.
Simply because space (or the lack of it)
so dictates, the analysis of the Arch of
Constantine in Rome must serve as a re-
presentative for other triumphal arches
of its period. It is perhaps the one best-
known to the world and the one most
often the subject of discussion.
But I can assure my reader that I have
applied the strict rules of ancient geo-
metry to several others arches of that per-
iod, and have traced an overwhelming
number of similar points between their
planning and the stipulations of geometry.
##