Surface-Leakage Current - Small current flow in the crystal

Saturation - can't get more minority carrier current by thermal energy

Junction Temp - Temp at the PN
Linear Device - Straight IV line
Non - not straight
Knee Voltage - Voltage where current starts to increase fast (Forward Region)
Bulk Resistance - Ohmic Resistance of Semiconductor
Power Rating - Diode can safely dissipate w/o shortening its life
Breakdown Region - Where Avalance/Zener effect Occurs
Safety Factor - Maximum rating specified in data sheet
Load line - Diode Current and Voltage
Saturation - Max I
Cut-off - Min I
Q Point - Simultaneous solution btw the diode curve and load line
Barrier Potential = Knee Voltage

Shottky Diode
-diagram
-fast switching at high freq.
-Maj. (e-) - Current flow

Tunnel(esaki) Diode
- Negative Resistance (violating ohm's) Quantum Tunneling
- Amplification in bistable ckts (Digital Computers)
-most resistant to nuclear radiation

Varistor - Transcient Suppressor Line Filtering

Varactor/Epicap/Varicap/Tuning Diode - for locking
LASER Diode - recombination produces coherent light
-arrow
Photodiode - reversed bias when light falls on PN
PIN Diode - diagram
-F. Bias - Variable Capacitor
-R. Bias - Fixed Capacitor (used as light detector in fiber optics)
Step Recovery Diode (Snap Diode)
-Doping Level decreases approaching the junction, fast switching from F. to R. Bias
Gunn Diode - like tunnel diodes
- dipole domains form allowing high-freq oscillators to be built
Peltier Diode
- as heat engines for thermoelectric cooling, emits heat

Transformer - steps up/down line voltage

REctifier - AC to DC
Filter - Reduces variations in Vdc
Voltage Regulator - further smoothing of Vdc (constant V)