THANKS

I want to thank the technicians Ambrosio Becerra and Armando Morales for their
Support within the factory and the learning that they gave me inside me
stay at the CABORCA company.
I also want to thank my academic advisor Víctor Manuel Martínez
Rivas for his support and advice throughout my stay at the University
Technological of León
INTRODUCTION
As stated by Rogelio García Márquez (2001) the earthing is one of
security measures included in category B. It is usually accompanied
of other measures (relays, differentials, etc.) that guarantee a high level of
security in the facilities.
The grounding is based on the property that the electric charges
(electrons) will always try to achieve minimum energy values for
be in balance The earth is the point of zero potential, mass or energy
minimum that best adapts to the requirements of electrical installations,
being used as a reference voltage or neutral voltage.
Within this Stay Report are written steps to follow to make
a connection to ground mainly in machinery of footwear, which
uses within the company CABORCA; are detailed steps that encompass
mainly from the analysis of the machinery, the classification of the same
until making the connection to land them to earth.
As Luis Cuatrecasas (2002) says, preventive maintenance is
designed with the idea of anticipating and anticipating machine failures and
equipment, using a series of data on the different systems and
sub-systems and even parts.
Under this premise, the program is designed with calendar or
use of the equipment, to make changes of sub-assemblies, change of parts,
repairs, adjustments, changes of oil and lubricants, etc., to machinery,
equipment and facilities and that it is considered important to perform to avoid
failures2
.
Another of the points covered by this report is the plan of a
preventive maintenance, which was modified in some of its parts
because the one that counted the company was not updated and had no
tracing. Within the report touch key points to make a plan
of preventive maintenance which is of great importance to have in
good conditions and to prevent possible faults within the machinery and
this causes stoppages in production.

Mission
To manufacture the best Baquira boot for men and women through innovation of designs,
the quality of our products, the use of resources and the best qualified workforce always
keeping in mind the satisfaction of our customers and the market in general, valuing the
Company through the integral development of our people in harmony with the society and
the environment, to ensure continued growth and profitable. View Being one of the best
footwear companies and being positioned in the mind of our clients as the best in quality
and designs, Open new markets and obtain more and more participation in these. Values 
Responsibility: mainly the company expresses it so that the worker does things well
because you have the commitment to other brands outside the company.  Honesty: Being
right in our actions within the company.  Commitment: Keep in mind that you should do
well things for the responsibility with other brands  Teamwork: Have the ability to
collaborate with the colleagues and take a more enjoyable job within the company and
forget about internal or external fights or conflicts to it
 Quality: Do a job well done and with awareness for have better points of view for any
client.  Service: Be dispensable for any activity
 Loyalty: Having a commitment to the company and for no reason reason to comment
confidential things of the same
 Professionalism: Knowing what to do and how to do it
 Willingness to change: Have malleability to operate with new machinery or operate with
more sophisticated software.
 Respect: Do not offend a classmate for any reason I work to have better communication.
 Creativity: Make innovations to your work either for save time on some task or to have a
better production without overlooking the safety guidelines marked for the work of the
machinery

PROBLEM CABORCA
currently has machinery with hydraulic system, mechanical and electrical Most of the
machines with electrical system do not have the security standard 001 and 022 of the
Mexican standards that are They mainly deal with electrical systems and grounding.
CABORCA has a preventive maintenance plan which does not is updated and does not
have a follow-up which has caused stoppages within the production.

3. JUSTIFICATION
It is important to have the machines connected to the ground and within the
ranges stipulated by the Mexican standard that is 25 ohm for the
machinery since you can prevent fines as well as accidents for
operators for the machine or for the company because if a short one occurs
electrical circuits can produce sparks and as in the company it
also works with cardboard can cause a fire inside the company
putting all the staff at risk.
It is important to have an updated preventive maintenance plan and
give a sequence to achieve fewer stoppages in production to extend
the useful life of the machinery with which you are working. And by
consequently have greater security with the machine since it will always be
in good state.

4. OBJECTIVES
4.1 GENERAL OBJECTIVE. Make grounding and a preventive maintenance plan with the
guidelines stipulated in the safety regulations to avoid damage in the machinery and in the
operator, in the company Botas Caborca, during the period May - August 2011. 4.2

METHODOLOGICAL OBJECTIVES
 Identify machinery with an electrical system and separate them from those they work
mechanically  Identify the voltage that they work
 Take measurements to check the voltaje
 Separate machinery that has the grounding already installed, from the that he does not
have it yet
.  Check that the machinery that does not have the grounding has in screw for the
connection to ground or the hole for the screw and in its defect design and make
adaptations to proceed to do the grounding
  Take measurements with the flexo meter to cut the cable to size Required  Make the
connection to earth by taking the general land already installed in the company

4.3 Tools and material.

 Multimeter; to measure with the current with which you work

 Cable; to connect to earth

 Tweezers; to cut the wire or remove the liner from it

 Keys; to remove some screws with hexagonal head

4.4 Specific objectives in the preventive maintenance plan.
 Identify all the machinery
 Review history of machinery
 Do a checkup
 Determine components
 Review fault history
 Determine possible failures
 Internal cleaning and lubrication
4.5 REACH
Landing most of the machines to land to have a condition
Good operation and be a safe and reliable company.
Implement an updated preventive maintenance plan and with
Follow-up to have the least amount of stoppages within the production.
5. METHODOLOGY
A methodology is of great importance since in it we can
find steps to follow to develop the overall objectives, since these
only provide a minimum definition of the steps to follow to develop
An activity is more efficient and the steps are clearer.
I. In grounding
5.1 Identify machinery with an electrical system and separate them from those
They work mechanically.
The machines were identified according to their operation and
either with inventories of machinery that the company had, otherwise
checked machine by machine and found machinery that did not have
the grounding.

5.2 Identify the voltage they work. The voltage with which they work was identified with the
plates that contain information from the machines those plates are on the side of the
machine or from behind.

5.3 Take measurements to check the voltage. The measurements were taken with the
multimeter to verify that what said the plate was the right thing

5.4 Separate machinery that has the grounding already installed, from the one that does
not have it yet. The machine was separated observing carefully the installation electrical
and separated with a small inventory made by oneself
5.5 Check that the machinery that does not have the grounding has in
screw for the connection to ground or the hole for the screw and in
its defect design and make adaptations to proceed to make the laying
to Earth.
If you did not have the hole or the screw, you proceeded to drill
to make a hole and then with a tap was pulled rope to
adapt a screw.

5.6 Take measurements with the flexo meter to cut the cable to size Required The
measurements of the length of the cable were taken from the screw designed or already
predetermined to the general socket of the grounding with the slack needed to tie down or
give a better view in the installation electric
5.7 Make the connection to earth by taking the general earth already installed in the
company.
First the lining was removed from both ends of the already cut cable (if
it was bare wire that step was not needed) tie a point to the screw
designed or predetermined and the other end to the general grounding.
NOTE: Make resistant ties to a possible pull and give a good
presentation to the electrical installation and not leave cable with which the staff
who works may stumble.

5.9 Identify all machinery The machinery and its components were identified and their
operation and its way of operating.
5.10 Review history of machinery
It is mainly done to find out what is most often
It damages you and apart in the we can find manuals of it. NOTE: if not
you have a history to discuss with the operator or with a partner
from the maintenance department to ask in which parts it was had
biggest problem or what is wrong with the machine most often
5.11 Make a verification
It is done to determine that the machinery is in good condition
to work and that is not an object of harm for the worker and for
identify the system with which you work whether hydraulic, mechanical or
electrical or some combination of the aforementioned systems.
5.12 Determine components
Identify the machine to review open it and observe the system with which
I work both its electrical parts and its mechanical parts. NOTE: if it is
possible to open it when it is operating to see parts of friction or friction and
to understand the behavior of the machine in good condition and it will be
easier to identify a failure in the future
5.13 Determine possible faults
After doing the check and identifying their systems see the grade
of deterioration of each of the components and give an approximate time of
break or fail and have those chosen pieces on hand for some emergency
this saves us a good time and the production will not be so affected.

5.14 Review fault history See if there is any type of log to make sure which components
The machine suffers more damage and at what time it fails. NOTE: if you do not have to
see the note from point 5.10
5.15 Internal cleaning and lubrication Give the user a training to see what maintenance is
like antonym within the machine such process covers the issues of lubrication and internal
cleaning.
6. Results
Most of the machines are connected to ground with the standards
stipulated in the standards that are 25 ohms for machines can not be achieved
connect the whole for lack of time and for unplanned activities within
of the tasks of the workshop and lack of material.

It was possible to make a preventive maintenance plan which was broken down in weekly
activities for each machine which is separated into different departments that are in the
company to have better control

7. Conclusions Safety in all aspects is of great importance and is indispensable to apply

that security with the rules governed by an institution of a superior hierarchy. Such is the
case of the call and already seen grounded It is very important to have the machinery
connected to the ground, which was done in the period of the stay and it was a great
teaching which is transmitted in this report and which prevents accidents already
mentioned. A preventive maintenance plan is an indispensable tool for the control of the
machinery and to lengthen its life time is important to keep in mind the steps to follow to
achieve a plan of Efficient maintenance and follow up so that it works properly.