Lavender International: Liquid Penetrant Assessments: Module 7-1: Principles & General Theory Page 1 of 5

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© Copyright 2000. Lavender International Online Assessments are copyrighted and may only be used
for personal use. Your use of the assessments signifies your acknowledgement of this fact and full
> About Us understanding of the website Terms and Conditions.
Our philosophy,
meet the team,
and much more... 1. Which of the following liquid penetrants would require the shortest penetrant dwell time?

j One with low viscosity

k
l
m
n
> Online j One with high viscosity
k
l
m
n
Assessments
Take our quizzes j One with a medium viscosity
k
l
m
n
and improve your
NDT skills... j Viscosity has no effect on dwell time
k
l
m
n

2. Which of the following emuslifiers will diffuse into oil based penetrants at the fastest rate?
> Online
Bookings j One with a viscosity of 100 centistokes
k
l
m
n
Why phone when
you can book j One with a viscosity of 30 centistokes
k
l
m
n
online...
j One with a viscosity of 60 centistokes
k
l
m
n
j Viscosity does not affect diffusion rate
k
l
m
n
> Alumni
A Lavender NDT 3. Aluminium comparatpr blocks which are used for comparison tests are re cracked at which of the
community... following temperatures after initial use?

j 900 degrees farenheit

k
l
m
n
> Resources
Lots of interesting j 800 degrees celsius
k
l
m
n
and useful NDT
stuff... j 900 degrees celsius
k
l
m
n
j 800 degress farenheit
k
l
m
n

4. What is the benefit of using visible dye penetrant over a fluorescent penetrant?

j It is easier to remove the excess background

k
l
m
n
j Greater sensitivity is obtained
k
l
m
n
j No special lighting is required
k
l
m
n
j All the above are benefits
k
l
m
n

5. Flash point relates to which of the following?

j Temperature at which vapour spontaneously ignites

k
l
m
n
j Temperature at which liquid spontaneously ignites
k
l
m
n
j Temperature at which a liquid ignites in the presence of a small flame
k
l
m
n
j Temperature at which the vapours given off from a liquid ignite in the presence of a
k
l
m
n
small flame

6. Which of the following is also known as a self -emulsifiable penetrant?

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Lavender International: Liquid Penetrant Assessments: Module 7-1: Principles & General Theory Page 2 of 5
j Solvent removable
k
l
m
n
j Water washable
k
l
m
n
j Post emulsifiable
k
l
m
n
j Oil based penetrant
k
l
m
n

7. The 'Cleveland open cup test' is a test for which of the following?

j Specific Gravity
k
l
m
n
j Viscosity
k
l
m
n
j Chemical inertness
k
l
m
n
j Flash point
k
l
m
n

8. Which of the following is considered to be the most sensitive developer when used with a fluorescent
post emulsifiable penetrant?

j Dry Powder
k
l
m
n
j Aqueous soluble
k
l
m
n
j Non aqueous wet
k
l
m
n
j Aqueous suspnedible
k
l
m
n
j All developers have the same sensitivity
k
l
m
n

9. For what purpose is a refractometer used in liquid pentrant inspection?

n Checking specific gravity of lipophilic emulsifier

j
k
l
m
j Checking sensitivity of water soluble wet developer
k
l
m
n
j Checking concentration of hyrdrophilic remover
k
l
m
n
j Checking particle enisty of dry powder
k
l
m
n

10. Water will at some time contaminate liquid penetrant but hopefully with oil based penetrant this
water will not mix and fall to the bottom of the tank. For this to occur how does the specific gravity of
pentrant compare to that of water?

j It normally has a specific gravity more than one

k
l
m
n
j It normally has a specific gravity more than water
k
l
m
n
j It normally has a specific gravity less than one
k
l
m
n
j Specific gravity has nothing to do with density
k
l
m
n

11. Hydrophillic remover is diluted with water prior to use. What percentage of remover mixed with
water generally gives best sensitivity due to greater control over excess background remover?

j 20%
k
l
m
n
j 30%
k
l
m
n
j 1%
k
l
m
n
j 5%
k
l
m
n

12. Which of the following developers work partly by solvent action which expands the volume of dye
trapped within a fault?

j Aqueous suspendible
k
l
m
n
j Non aqueous wet
k
l
m
n
j Dry powder
k
l
m
n
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Lavender International: Liquid Penetrant Assessments: Module 7-1: Principles & General Theory Page 3 of 5
j Aqueous soluble
k
l
m
n
j Both aqueous suspenidble and non aqueous wet
k
l
m
n
j All of the above
k
l
m
n

13. Which of the following is an advantage of using a dry powder developer?

j Gives a contrasting background for colour contrast penetrants

k
l
m
n
j Ease of application
k
l
m
n
j Gives corrosive coating which needs to be quickly removed
k
l
m
n
j Vapours given off can become toxic
k
l
m
n

14. Wettability of a liwuid penetrant is controlled by which of the following factors?

j Cosine of the contact angle

k
l
m
n
j Viscosity
k
l
m
n
j Surface tension
k
l
m
n
j Both cosine of the contact angle and surface tension
k
l
m
n

15. The contact angle for most commercial liquid penetrants has which of the values listed below?

j Less than 5 degrees

k
l
m
n
j Less than 10 degrees
k
l
m
n
j Only needs to be less than 89 degrees
k
l
m
n
j Contact angles do not affect wettability
k
l
m
n

16. Fluorescent liquid penetrants after absorbing black light emitted from the mercury vapour arc lamp,
emit radiation in which of the following ranges?

j 360 - 370 nM
k
l
m
n
j 535 - 575 nM
k
l
m
n
j 670 - 720 nM
k
l
m
n
j 315 - 400 nM
k
l
m
n

17. Which of the following materials is most affected by the presence of sulphur and chlorine in
penetrant materials?

j Ferritic stainless steel

k
l
m
n
j Martensitic stainless steel
k
l
m
n
j Austenitic stainless steel
k
l
m
n
j Low carbon steel
k
l
m
n
j All the above are equally affected
k
l
m
n
j Ferritic stainless steel, Martensitic stainless steel, and Austenitic stainless steel are all
k
l
m
n
equally affected

18. Which of the following processes is preferred for the inspection of glass?

j Fluorescent post emulsifiable

k
l
m
n
j Electrified particle
k
l
m
n
j Colour contrast water washable
k
l
m
n
j Solvent removable dual sensitivity
k
l
m
n

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Lavender International: Liquid Penetrant Assessments: Module 7-1: Principles & General Theory Page 4 of 5
19. The testing of porous materials with liquid penetrants has always posed problems due to the
excessive background that is always observed. Which technique has been developed to overcome the
inspection of such material?

j Electrified particle inspection

k
l
m
n
j Fluorescent high viscosity oil vehicle
k
l
m
n
j Filtered particle
k
l
m
n
j Small particle filtered sieve method
k
l
m
n

20. Which of the following developers can be applied directly to a wet surface after water washing to
remove excess background penetrant?

j Non aqueous wet

k
l
m
n
j Aqueous soluble
k
l
m
n
j Dry powder
k
l
m
n
j Aqueous suspendible
k
l
m
n
j All the above can be directly applied
k
l
m
n
j Only aqueous soluble and aqueous suspendible
k
l
m
n
j Non aqueous wet, aqueous soluble and aqueous suspendible can be directly applied
k
l
m
n

21. When using liquid penetrants to inspect plastic or composite materials, how long should scrap
pieces of such materials be immersed into the penetrants to determine any deterioration caused by
chemical reaction?

j 60 minutes
k
l
m
n
j 24 hours
k
l
m
n
j 5 days
k
l
m
n
j 28 days
k
l
m
n

22. Which of the following are actions by which a non aqueous developer works in conjunction with a
colour contrast penetrant?

j Solvent action
k
l
m
n
j Capillary action
k
l
m
n
j Detergent action
k
l
m
n
j Both solvent and capillary action
k
l
m
n
j All of them
k
l
m
n

23. Which of the following types of contaminent are unlikely to be removed using vapour degresing
techniques?

j Carbon deposits
k
l
m
n
j Iron oxide
k
l
m
n
j Varnish
k
l
m
n
j Both carbon deposits and iron oxide
k
l
m
n
j All of the them
k
l
m
n

24. Which of the following solents is best for the vapour degreasing process?

n Acetone
j
k
l
m
j Methyl chloroform
k
l
m
n

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Lavender International: Liquid Penetrant Assessments: Module 7-1: Principles & General Theory Page 5 of 5
j Carbon tetrachloride
k
l
m
n
j All the above can be used
k
l
m
n
j Acetone and methyl chloroform only
k
l
m
n

25. When applying liquid penetrants with ultrasonic excitation to large parts what is the choice of
frequency for best penetrating power?

j Low frequency but above 20 kHz

k
l
m
n
j High frequency above 5 mHz
k
l
m
n
j Low frequency above 5 kHz
k
l
m
n
j Frequency does not aid penetrating power
k
l
m
n

> Check Your Answers

> Contact Us

Lavender International , Unit 7, Penistone Station, Sheffield, S36 6HP , United Kingdom

Telephone: + 44 (0) 1226 765 769 Fax: + 44 (0) 1226 760 707

All Content & Design is © Copyright 2000 Lavender International NDT Ltd

http://www.lavender-ndt.com/assessments/pt/module7-1.html 9/18/2001
Here are the corrections:

1. One with low viscosity

2. One with a viscosity of 30 centistokes
3. 800 degress farenheit
4. No special lighting is required
5. Temperature at which the vapours given off from a liquid ignite in the presence of a
small flame
6. Water washable
7. Flash point
8. Non aqueous wet
9. Checking concentration of hyrdrophilic remover
10. It normally has a specific gravity less than one
11. 5%
12. Non aqueous wet
13. Ease of application
14. Both cosine of the contact angle and surface tension
15. Less than 5 degrees
16. 535 - 575 nM
17. Austenitic stainless steel
18. Electrified particle
19. Filtered particle
20. Only aqueous soluble and aqueous suspendible
21. 28 days
22. Both solvent and capillary action
23. All of the them
24. Methyl chloroform
25. Low frequency but above 20 kHz
Lavender International: Liquid Penetrant Assessments: Module 7-2: Materials & Equipment Page 1 of 6

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Unit 7, Penistone Station, Sheffield, S36 6HP, United Kingdom
Tuesday, September 18, 2001 < Back Forward >

> Services
Courses in MT, Lavender International Online Assessments: Liquid Penetrant: Module 7-2:
PT, UT, ET, VT,
RT, RI, and other
services Materials & Equipment
besides...

© Copyright 2000. Lavender International Online Assessments are copyrighted and may only be used
for personal use. Your use of the assessments signifies your acknowledgement of this fact and full
> About Us understanding of the website Terms and Conditions.
Our philosophy,
meet the team,
and much more... 1. When applying liquid penetrant by the dip / drain technique, how is the process affected from sinply
dipping for the entire dwell time?

> Online j Allows water washable excess background penetrant to be removed easier
k
l
m
n
Assessments j Gives an increase in sensitivity
k
l
m
n
Take our quizzes
and improve your j Gives a reduction in sensitivity
k
l
m
n
NDT skills...
j Allows smaller faults to be detected than with just a dip technique
k
l
m
n
j It gives an increase in sensitivity and it allows smaller faults to be detected than with
k
l
m
n
> Online just a dip technique
Bookings
Why phone when 2. Which of the following temperature ranges would best be used for removal of excess background
you can book
online... penetrant using a water wash?

j 20 - 30 degrees Farenheit
k
l
m
n
> Alumni j 60 - 80 degrees Celsius
k
l
m
n
A Lavender NDT
community... j 21 - 27 K
k
l
m
n
j 20 - 30 degrees Celsius
k
l
m
n

> Resources 3. Under normal circumstances how long is considered to be sufficient time to become dark adapted
Lots of interesting
and useful NDT (ie: scotopic vision) prior to fluorescent penetrant evaluation?
stuff...

j 20 minutes
k
l
m
n
j 300 seconds
k
l
m
n
j 30 seconds
k
l
m
n
j 1200 seconds
k
l
m
n

4. Which sensors on the retina are responsible for vision in a darkened area?

j Rods
k
l
m
n
j Cones
k
l
m
n
j Iris
k
l
m
n
j Both rods and cones
k
l
m
n

5. Which of the following is a detergent type penetrant remover?

j Lipophilic emulsifier
k
l
m
n
j Solvent remover
k
l
m
n
j Hydrophillic remover
k
l
m
n

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Lavender International: Liquid Penetrant Assessments: Module 7-2: Materials & Equipment Page 2 of 6
j All are detergent based
k
l
m
n

6. When using a dual sensitivity penetrant for incpection under both black and white light, what is the
normal colour of indications viewed under white light?

j Yellow / Green
k
l
m
n
j Red
k
l
m
n
j Blue
k
l
m
n
j Black
k
l
m
n

7. By which mechanism do liphophilic enulsifers work?

j Diffraction
k
l
m
n
j Solvent action
k
l
m
n
j Detergent action
k
l
m
n
j Diffusion
k
l
m
n

8. What other gas is incorporated in the cartridge of a merucry vaopur arc lamp to help initiate the
vaporisation of mercury?

j Krypton
k
l
m
n
j Argon
k
l
m
n
j Neon
k
l
m
n
j Carbon
k
l
m
n

9. Below what value of radiation wavelength is it considered to be dangerous for the xposure ?

j 3200 angstroms
k
l
m
n
j 360 nM
k
l
m
n
j 3200 nM
k
l
m
n
j 365 nM
k
l
m
n

10. When processing parts through an automated production line, which of the following would be
considered the best method of penerant application?

j Dip and drain

k
l
m
n
j Automated brush
k
l
m
n
j Electrostatic spray
k
l
m
n
j Gravity fed spray
k
l
m
n

11. Dwell time is predominantly determined by which of the following parameters?

j Surface roughness
k
l
m
n
j Width of fault to be detected
k
l
m
n
j Type of contaminent on parts surface
k
l
m
n
j Grade of steel component is made from
k
l
m
n

12. Which material inparticular should not be post cleaned with 1-1-1 tricloethane?

j Martesitic stainless steel

k
l
m
n
j Titanium
k
l
m
n
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Lavender International: Liquid Penetrant Assessments: Module 7-2: Materials & Equipment Page 3 of 6
j Low carbon steel
k
l
m
n
j Ferritic stainless steel
k
l
m
n
j Both martensitic stainless steel and ferritic stainless steel
k
l
m
n

13. Detergent cleaning is a satisfactory method of pre and post cleaning a wide range of materials
within a penetrant process. At what temperature should detergents be used for optimum detergency?

j 40 degrees celsius
k
l
m
n
j 20 degrees celsius
k
l
m
n
j 80 degrees celsius
k
l
m
n
j 120 degrees celsius
k
l
m
n

14. Into which of the following penetrant removers can a part be immeresed for upto 20 minutes and
still give satisfactory indications showing the presence of faults?

j Lipophilic emulsifier
k
l
m
n
j Solvent
k
l
m
n
n Water
j
k
l
m
j Hydrophillic remover
k
l
m
n
j Both water and hydrophillic remover
k
l
m
n

15. Which of the following developers does not require agitation prior to use?

j Aqueous soluble
k
l
m
n
j Aqueous suspendable
k
l
m
n
j Non aqueous particulate
k
l
m
n
j All the above require agitation prior to use
k
l
m
n

16. Plastic film developer is a little used form of developer, but its advantage is that the developer along
with indications which have been bled out and been fixed within the plastic can be peeled away and
kept as hard copies. How many coats of plastic film developer need to be applied so that it can indeed
be peeld away succesfully?

j Only one is ever applied

k
l
m
n
j5
k
l
m
n
j2
k
l
m
n
j Plastic film developer is not peelable from a parts surface
k
l
m
n

17. Black light intensity from a UVA lamp is usually measured in which of the following units?

j Nanometers
k
l
m
n
j Micro watts per centimetre squared
k
l
m
n
j Lux
k
l
m
n
j Foot candles
k
l
m
n
j Either micro watts per centimetre squared or lux
k
l
m
n

18. Which of the following would be the most difficult to detect with liquid?

j Fatigue crack
k
l
m
n
j Intergranular stress corrosion
k
l
m
n
j Non metallic inclusion
k
l
m
n
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Lavender International: Liquid Penetrant Assessments: Module 7-2: Materials & Equipment Page 4 of 6
j Porosity
k
l
m
n

19. The oxide grit blasted half of a tam panel is used to assess which of the following factors?

j Sensitivity
k
l
m
n
j Fluorescent brightness
k
l
m
n
j Viscosity
k
l
m
n
j Washability of background
k
l
m
n

20. Which of the following industries / applications would you most likely find the filtered particle
inspection process being used in?

j Brass foundry
k
l
m
n
j Carbide inserts for cutting tools
k
l
m
n
j Die castings
k
l
m
n
j Turbine blades
k
l
m
n

21. After water washing away any excess background flourescent penetran an aqueous soluble
developer is to be used. When can this type of developer be applied?

j After the surface has been dried following water washing

k
l
m
n
j Directly after water washing prior to drying
k
l
m
n
j Both could be correct
k
l
m
n
j Neither are correct
k
l
m
n

22. Which of the following pieces of equipment is used to measure specific gravity?

j Tag closed cup

k
l
m
n
j Hydrometer
k
l
m
n
j Viscometer
k
l
m
n
j Gravimetric flask
k
l
m
n

23. In which of the following materials would water be a major contaminant?

j Lipophilic emuslifier
k
l
m
n
j Hydrophilic remover
k
l
m
n
j Water washable liquid penetrant
k
l
m
n
j All of the above
k
l
m
n
j Lipophilic emulsifier and water washable liquid penetrant only
k
l
m
n

24. Which of the following tests gives a method where by its possible to estimate the ability of a
penetrant to fluoresce in thin films?

j Filter paper spot test

k
l
m
n
j Water drop test
k
l
m
n
j Meniscus spot test
k
l
m
n
j Hydrometer test
k
l
m
n

25. Which of the following units give a true measure of the energy given off at 365 nM from a black light
source?

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Lavender International: Liquid Penetrant Assessments: Module 7-2: Materials & Equipment Page 5 of 6
j Foot candle
k
l
m
n
j Lux
k
l
m
n
j Micro watt per sq cm
k
l
m
n
j All of the above
k
l
m
n

26. An unflitered selenium cell if used in liquid penetrant inspection, for which of the following
applications?

j For the measurement of visible radiation

k
l
m
n
j For the measurement of fluorescence
k
l
m
n
j For the measurement of UV -A radiation
k
l
m
n
j For both the measurement of visible radiation and the measurement of fluorescence
k
l
m
n

27. Wettability is a function of which of the following properties?

j Surface tension
k
l
m
n
j Viscosity
k
l
m
n
j Contact angle
k
l
m
n
j All the above
k
l
m
n
j Surface tension and contact angle
k
l
m
n

28. The following are all types of developer used in liquid penetrant inspection, but which could be
bought initially as dry powders?

j Aqueous soluble
k
l
m
n
j Non aqueous suspendible
k
l
m
n
j Dry powder
k
l
m
n
j All the above
k
l
m
n
j Non aqueous suspendible and dry powder only
k
l
m
n

29. Beers law can show that dilution expansion developers should not really work with modern
penetrant systems and as ssuch should show no penetrant indication response. Luckily it seems that
Beers Law does not hold true when developers are applied in thin films and even shows some
indications that would not be visible with other developers. Which of the following developers would be
classes as dilution expnasion developers?

j Non aqueous
k
l
m
n
j Aqueous suspendible
k
l
m
n
j Plastic film
k
l
m
n
j Dry powders
k
l
m
n
j Only aqueous suspendible
k
l
m
n

30. Fusible wax developers can be classed under which of the following types?

j Particulate
k
l
m
n
j Liquid film
k
l
m
n
j Non aqueous
k
l
m
n
j All of the above
k
l
m
n
j Liquid film and non aqueous only
k
l
m
n

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Lavender International: Liquid Penetrant Assessments: Module 7-2: Materials & Equipment Page 6 of 6
> Check Your Answers

> Contact Us

Lavender International , Unit 7, Penistone Station, Sheffield, S36 6HP , United Kingdom

Telephone: + 44 (0) 1226 765 769 Fax: + 44 (0) 1226 760 707

All Content & Design is © Copyright 2000 Lavender International NDT Ltd

http://www.lavender-ndt.com/assessments/pt/module7-2.html 9/18/2001
Here are the corrections:

1. It gives an increase in sensitivity and it allows smaller faults to be detected than with
just a dip technique
2. 20 - 30 degrees Celsius
3. 300 seconds
4. Rods
5. Hydrophillic remover
6. Red
7. Diffusion
8. Neon
9. 3200 angstroms
10. Electrostatic spray
11. Width of fault to be detected
12. Titanium
13. 80 degrees celsius
14. Hydrophillic remover
15. Aqueous soluble
16. 5
17. Micro watts per centimetre squared
18. Non metallic inclusion
19. Washability of background
20. Carbide inserts for cutting tools
21. Both could be correct
22. Gravimetric flask
23. Lipophilic emulsifier and water washable liquid penetrant only
24. Meniscus spot test
25. Micro watt per sq cm
26. For the measurement of visible radiation
27. Surface tension and contact angle
28. Non aqueous suspendible and dry powder only
29. Plastic film
30. Liquid film
Lavender International: Liquid Penetrant Assessments: Module 7-3: Interpretation & Evaluation Page 1 of 4

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© Copyright 2000. Lavender International Online Assessments are copyrighted and may only be used
for personal use. Your use of the assessments signifies your acknowledgement of this fact and full
> About Us understanding of the website Terms and Conditions.
Our philosophy,
meet the team,
and much more... 1. Which of the following would be classed as an in service fault?

j Shrinkage crack
k
l
m
n
> Online j Fatigue crack
k
l
m
n
Assessments
Take our quizzes j Grinding crack
k
l
m
n
and improve your
NDT skills... j All could be service faults
k
l
m
n

2. The following is a definition, A flaw which exceeds the minimum acceptability level. Which of the
> Online following is correct?
Bookings
Why phone when
you can book j Discontinuity
k
l
m
n
online... j Indication
k
l
m
n
j Defect
k
l
m
n
j Crack
k
l
m
n
> Alumni
A Lavender NDT
community... 3. A linear indication is observed at a change in section between thin and thick material. What is the
most probable cause for this bleedout?

> Resources j Cold shut

k
l
m
n
Lots of interesting
and useful NDT j Shrink cracks
k
l
m
n
stuff...
j Porosity
k
l
m
n
j Hot Tear
k
l
m
n
j Both shrink cracks and hot tear
k
l
m
n
j Both cold shut and shrink cracks
k
l
m
n

4. Which of the following faults is more likely to be found in a forged product?

j Lap
k
l
m
n
j Porosity
k
l
m
n
j Cold shut
k
l
m
n
j Shrinkage
k
l
m
n
j Both lap and porosity
k
l
m
n

5. A number of cutting tools were insepcted with fluorescent penetrants and showed a number of fine
linear type indications running in all directions on the surface of the carbide tips. What is the probable
cause of these indications?

j Lack of bond between tip and tool

k
l
m
n

http://www.lavender-ndt.com/assessments/pt/module7-3.html 9/18/2001
Lavender International: Liquid Penetrant Assessments: Module 7-3: Interpretation & Evaluation Page 2 of 4
j Cold shuts
k
l
m
n
j Grinding cracks
k
l
m
n
j Shrinkage crack
k
l
m
n

6. Which of the following would best be used to eliminate false indications when removing excess
background fluorescent penetrant?

j A black light installed at the wash station

k
l
m
n
j Increase the water wash pressure to 10 bar
k
l
m
n
j Change to a colour contrast system
k
l
m
n
j Carry out the inspection without a developer
k
l
m
n

7. If inclusions need to be detected using liquid penetrant inspection, how should the part be treated
prior to inspection?

j Smooth surface grind to pull out any oxide

k
l
m
n
j Machine from the surface 0.01 inche to expose the inclusions
k
l
m
n
n Polish the surface to reduce the penetrants contact angle increasing penetrability
j
k
l
m
j Pickle the part to remove the included oxide
k
l
m
n

8. Which of the following techniques would give best sensitivity when testing smooth non porous
ceramic material?

j Filtered particle
k
l
m
n
j Post emulsifiable fluorescent
k
l
m
n
j Water washable fluorescent
k
l
m
n
j All the above will give the same sensitivity
k
l
m
n
j Ceramics cannot be inspected with penetrants
k
l
m
n

9. Why is it important that the development period is observed at regular intervals?

j To save time as soon as indications occur

k
l
m
n
j To see indications with highest definition
k
l
m
n
j To observe excessive so that the area can be dry wiped, developer re-applied for
k
l
m
n
better definition of indications
j Both To see indications with highest definition and To observe excessive so that the
k
l
m
n
area can be dry wiped, developer re-applied for better definition of indications

10. Which of the following faults would require the longest penetrant dwell time?

j Fatigue cracks
k
l
m
n
j Stress corrosion cracks
k
l
m
n
j Intergranular corrosion cracks
k
l
m
n
j Porosity
k
l
m
n
j All of the above
k
l
m
n
j Both stress corrosion cracks and intergranular cracks
k
l
m
n

11. When carrying out leak test with a liquid penetrant which of the following is likely to give the best
results?

j Fluorescent green
k
l
m
n

http://www.lavender-ndt.com/assessments/pt/module7-3.html 9/18/2001
Lavender International: Liquid Penetrant Assessments: Module 7-3: Interpretation & Evaluation Page 3 of 4
j Colour contrast green
k
l
m
n
j Fluorescent red
k
l
m
n
j Colour contrast red
k
l
m
n

12. A wheel is press fitted on to a shaft with dovetail joint. When this area is penetrant inspected a
regular pattern of sharo christmas tree shaped indications is observed. How are these indications
classified?

j False indications
k
l
m
n
j True - non relevant indications
k
l
m
n
j True - relevant indications
k
l
m
n
j False - non relevant
k
l
m
n

13. When parts are to be inspected and liquid oxygen compatability is of prime importance, what type
of penetrant materials are preferred?

j Completely water soluble materials

k
l
m
n
j Oil based materials
k
l
m
n
j Materials made from completely volatile elements
k
l
m
n
j Any of the above could be used
k
l
m
n

14. Which of the following can cause a fluorescent penetrant to loose some of its fluorescent
brightness?

j Exposure to heat
k
l
m
n
j Exposure to sunlight
k
l
m
n
j Exposure to black light
k
l
m
n
j All of the above
k
l
m
n

15. When de-wetting of a parts surface occurs due to contamination by oil from fingerprints, what type
of glove is recommended after further cleaning to stop the reoccurence of this problem?

j Rubber
k
l
m
n
j Cotton
k
l
m
n
j Leather
k
l
m
n
j Plastic
k
l
m
n

16. Which type of inspection would use a cheating agent in a low surface tension carrier?

j Inspection of austeniti steels

k
l
m
n
j Inspection of plastics
k
l
m
n
j Inspection of composite materials
k
l
m
n
j Inspection of fired ceramics
k
l
m
n

17. Which of the following types of developer must be contained in closed vessels?

j Dry powder
k
l
m
n
j Aqueous soluble
k
l
m
n
j Aqueous suspendible
k
l
m
n
j Non aqueous suspendible
k
l
m
n

http://www.lavender-ndt.com/assessments/pt/module7-3.html 9/18/2001
Lavender International: Liquid Penetrant Assessments: Module 7-3: Interpretation & Evaluation Page 4 of 4
18. A magnesium alloy has been die-cast and on inspection with liquid penetrant numerous rounded
indications are observed on the surface particularly around changes in section. What is the most likely
cause of these bleedouts?

j Shrinkage
k
l
m
n
j Hot tears
k
l
m
n
j Laps
k
l
m
n
j Porosity
k
l
m
n

19. Which of the following processes would be affected by penetrant residues if they were not post
cleaned from the parts surface?

j Grinding
k
l
m
n
j Anodising
k
l
m
n
j Machining
k
l
m
n
j All of the above
k
l
m
n
j Only grinding and machining
k
l
m
n

20. When working to a magnetic particle inspection procedure, numerous small linear type indication
were detected on a piece of forged bar. On subsequent inspection with high sensitivity post
emulsifiable penetrant no indications were observed. What is the possible cause for this difference?

j Non metallic inclusions

k
l
m
n
j Forging laps
k
l
m
n
j Shrinkage cracks
k
l
m
n
j The penetrant has been overwashed and removed from within faults
k
l
m
n

> Check Your Answers

> Contact Us

Lavender International , Unit 7, Penistone Station, Sheffield, S36 6HP , United Kingdom

Telephone: + 44 (0) 1226 765 769 Fax: + 44 (0) 1226 760 707

All Content & Design is © Copyright 2000 Lavender International NDT Ltd

http://www.lavender-ndt.com/assessments/pt/module7-3.html 9/18/2001
Here are the corrections:

1. Fatigue crack
2. Defect
3. Both shrink cracks and hot tear
4. Lap
5. Grinding cracks
6. A black light installed at the wash station
7. Pickle the part to remove the included oxide
8. Post emulsifiable fluorescent
9. Both To see indications with highest definition and To observe excessive so that the
area can be dry wiped, developer re-applied for better definition of indications
10. Both stress corrosion cracks and intergranular cracks
11. Fluorescent red
12. True - non relevant indications
13. Completely water soluble materials
14. All of the above
15. Cotton
16. Inspection of composite materials
17. Non aqueous suspendible
18. Porosity
19. Anodising
20. Non metallic inclusions
Lavender International: Liquid Penetrant Assessments: Module 7-4: Procedures MIL-I-25235E & ...
MILPage 1 of 3

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Tuesday, September 18, 2001 < Back Forward >

> Services
Courses in MT, Lavender International Online Assessments: Liquid Penetrant: Module 7-4:
PT, UT, ET, VT,
RT, RI, and other
services Procedures MIL -I-25135E & MIL -STD-6866
besides...

© Copyright 2000. Lavender International Online Assessments are copyrighted and may only be used
for personal use. Your use of the assessments signifies your acknowledgement of this fact and full
> About Us understanding of the website Terms and Conditions.
Our philosophy,
meet the team,
and much more... 1. When viewing order whit light what colour can Type III penetrants be?

j Orange
k
l
m
n
> Online j Red
k
l
m
n
Assessments
Take our quizzes j Purple
k
l
m
n
and improve your
NDT skills... j All of the above
k
l
m
n
j Orange and Red only
k
l
m
n

> Online 2. The Coleman 12C filter fluorometer is used to check which of the following properties?
Bookings
Why phone when
you can book j Thermal stability
k
l
m
n
online...
j Ultraviolet stability
k
l
m
n
j Fluorescent brightness
k
l
m
n
> Alumni j Developer bioresistance
k
l
m
n
A Lavender NDT
community...
3. When carrying out a water tolerance test of a liquid penetrant, the magnetic strirring bar starts to
slow when 3.64 millilitre of tap water has been added. What is the perencentage water tolerance of the
penetrant?
> Resources
Lots of interesting
and useful NDT j 18.2%
k
l
m
n
stuff...
j 15.4%
k
l
m
n
j 3.64%
k
l
m
n
j 3.22%
k
l
m
n

4. What shall be the minimum acceptable value for the ultra violet stability of a penetrant with a level 2
sensitivity when compared to an unexposed sample?

j 30%
k
l
m
n
j 70%
k
l
m
n
j 50%
k
l
m
n
j None given
k
l
m
n

5. When checking an aqueous suspendible developers bioresistance, how long whall the developer
stand after preparation prior to commencement of test?

j 40 minutes
k
l
m
n
j 240 minutes
k
l
m
n
j 120 minutes
k
l
m
n

http://www.lavender-ndt.com/assessments/pt/module7-4.html 9/18/2001
Lavender International: Liquid Penetrant Assessments: Module 7-4: Procedures MIL-I-25235E & ...
MILPage 2 of 3
j 20 minutes
k
l
m
n

6. Which of the following developers shall not be used with Type II penetrant syste?

ja
k
l
m
n
jb
k
l
m
n
jc
k
l
m
n
jd
k
l
m
n
j All of the above
k
l
m
n
j a and b only
k
l
m
n

7. Water content of lipophilic emulsifier is assessed in accordance with ASTM D-96. Which of the
following values would be unacceptable?

j 5%
k
l
m
n
j 3%
k
l
m
n
j 2%
k
l
m
n
j 4.5%
k
l
m
n
j All would be considered acceptable
k
l
m
n

8. What piece of equipment is used to check the concentration of aqueous soluble developer?

j Refractometer
k
l
m
n
j Hydrometer
k
l
m
n
j Aluminium Panel 8cm x 25cm
k
l
m
n
j Any of the above can be used
k
l
m
n

9. When checking the ouput of a black light, what must be the minimum intensity from 15 inches?

j 1200 microwatts per centimetre squared

k
l
m
n
j 1000 Lx / M squared
k
l
m
n
j 0.8 mW / centimetre squared
k
l
m
n
j None of the above
k
l
m
n

10. Under which of the following conditions can Type III penetrants be inspected?

j White light
k
l
m
n
j Black light in a white light area
k
l
m
n
j Black light in a darkened area
k
l
m
n
j All of the above
k
l
m
n
j White light and black light in a darkened area only
k
l
m
n

> Check Your Answers

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http://www.lavender-ndt.com/assessments/pt/module7-4.html 9/18/2001
Lavender International: Liquid Penetrant Assessments: Module 7-4: Procedures MIL-I-25235E & ...
MILPage 3 of 3
Lavender International , Unit 7, Penistone Station, Sheffield, S36 6HP , United Kingdom

Telephone: + 44 (0) 1226 765 769 Fax: + 44 (0) 1226 760 707

All Content & Design is © Copyright 2000 Lavender International NDT Ltd

http://www.lavender-ndt.com/assessments/pt/module7-4.html 9/18/2001
Here are the corrections:

1. All of the above

2. Fluorescent brightness
3. 15.4%
4. 50%
5. 240 minutes
6. a and b only
7. All would be considered acceptable
8. Hydrometer
9. 0.8 mW / centimetre squared
10. White light and black light in a darkened area only