Material Nonlinearity

Material Nonlinearity
Title

Masonry material model using solid elements

Description

This test model involves (Strumas) masonry material model in MIDAS using 8-noded solid
elements. The test model is extracted from a DIANA example. Young’s modulus (E) and
Poisson’s ratio are also extracted from the DIANA example referenced hereunder. The
material properties of the brick and mortar are also defined as the DIANA example. The
stiffness reduction factor in MIDAS has been set to 0.001 in order to compare the nonlinear
behavior between MIDAS and DIANA.

A forced lateral displacement of 1mm is applied at the top point “A”. And the base of the
masonry wall has been restrained in all translational directions. Nonlinear analysis results of
MIDAS and DIANA are compared below. The material model used in DIANA is anisotropic
Rankine-Hill.

Fig. 1 Structural geometry (Unit: mm)

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Model

Fig. 2 Analysis model and loading condition

Fig. 3 Boundary condition of the model

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 Material Nonlinearity

Analysis
3-D nonlinear static analysis
Type
Unit System N, mm
Length 1050 mm
Dimension Width 800 mm
Thickness 100 mm
Element 8-noded solid element
Modulus of E = 8000 N/mm2
elasticity
Brick Poisson’s ratio ν = 0.15
Tensile Strength 0.25 N/mm2
Stiff. Reduction 0.001
Modulus of Ej = 8000 N/mm2
Mortar elasticity
Material
(head & Poisson’s ratio νj = 0.15
bed) Tensile Strength 0.25 N/mm2
Stiff. Reduction 0.001
Brick Length 190 mm
Brick Width 90 mm
Geometry
Thickness of Bed 10 mm
Thickness of Head 10 mm
Back nodes Constrain Dz
Boundary Bottom nodes Constrain DX, DYYY
Condition Top nodes Rigid links with master
nodes 14 & 730
Prescribed displacement at nodes 14 and 730 (point A)
Load Case
Dx = -1.0 mm
Note: E values are unrealistic, but used for numerical tests.

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Results

Fig. 4 X-displacement (δX) of structure (Load factor 0.05)

Fig. 5 Y-displacement (δy) of structure (Load factor 0.05)

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Comparison of Results

The following are the comparison between MIDAS Gen and DIANA:

Fig. 6 Effective stress & Yield points of Gen

Fig. 7 Principal plastic strain of Diana

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The X-marks in the Gen results represent the parts that have been cracked. In
the DIANA results, the parts in deep blue represent uncracked areas. The fact
that the material models of DIANA could not be exactly replicated in the Gen model,
this test model compares only the trend and pattern of cracking between the two
models. The stages at which the two models exhibit cracking would be different
due to un-identical models.

Reference

“Composite Modeling of Masonry”, Version 9.2 , Diana User’s Manual