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Design and Analysis of Piping System With Supports Using CAESAR II
Design and Analysis of Piping System With Supports Using CAESAR II
CAESAR-II software. Main aim of piping stress analysis is to drop can be minimized and hence power can be minimized in
provide adequate flexibility for absorbing thermal expansion, code thermal power stations. Due to the layout changes, the hanger
compliance for stresses and displacement incurred in piping system. supports position also changed. A research on pipelines with
The design is said to be safe if all these are in allowable range as per
an aim of maximizing the distance between supports,
code. In this study, a sample problem is considered for analysis as per
power piping ASME B31.1 code and the results thus obtained are minimizing the number of supports and reducing the total cost
compared. of erecting these pipe supports was done by [4] with
mathematical calculation. Shweta Bisht et al. [5] have given
Keywords—ASTM B31.1, hanger, expansion joint, CAESAR-II. the basic ideas about the piping analysis software CAESAR II.
The design and analysis of piping systems using software was
I.INTRODUCTION explained elaborately in this work. The benefits of using
P IPING stress analysis is a method which is highly FRPC and interaction between the different stresses on the
reciprocal with piping layout and support. In piping pipe walls were analyzed by [6]. It was reported that carbon
system, the layout should be performed with the concern of composites pipes improved ultimate internal pressure capacity
the piping support and stress in mind. It shows sufficient of pipes. The possibilities and disadvantages of finite elements
flexibility for thermal expansion in pipe routing so that various methods in steam pipeline stress analysis were founded by [7].
simple and economical pipes can be build using various piping The basic concept of flexibility such as flexibility
materials & section properties which includes pressure, characteristics, flexibility factor and stress intensification
temperatures & loading. The required layout should be factor (SIF) for any code using CAEPIPE software was
perfectly balance between stresses so that layout efficiency is explained by [8].
achieved. After piping layout is made, piping support system A.Need of Pipe Supporting
is determined. Various support locations & types should be The objective of the pipe supports design phase is to
repeatedly iterated until all the stress requirements were prevent the following:
satisfied with piping allowable (e.g., nozzle loads, valve • maximum stress occurring in the piping
accelerations, and piping movements). • excessive forces on equipment
The piping supports are designed based on the selected • excessive interference with thermal expansion
locations, types and the applied loads. The discussion is • excessive pipe sag
heavily weighted to the stress analysis of piping systems in • excessive heat flow, exposing support to temperature
thermal power plants, since this type of piping has the most outside their limits.
stringent requirements. Emphasis was given in the literatures only on piping
Basavaraju [1] has carried out research on piping systems, systems and its layout and there were no report giving
supports, materials used, fittings, insulation properties, emphasis to piping supports. As for as steam piping is
operating medium in pipe line and analyzed the main Stream concerned, there are so many supports that can be used in the
line of thermal power plant. Hanger is mainly used in the piping system and it should be selected based on the position
analysis of the piping systems. and as per ASTM codes. In this paper, the piping supports
mainly used in industries such as hanger, expansion joints and
restraints were considered with an objective of better
K. Ramanathan is Assistant Professor in Department of Mechanical
Engineering at the Alagappa Chettiar College of Engineering and Technology, flexibility and reduced stress. The analysis is performed using
Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, India 630004 (e-mail: ramsananthi@gmail.com). CAESAR II software [10]. Among the various types of
M. Jamuna Rani is P.G. Scholar (ME-CAD)in Department of Mechanical hangers, variable supports are preferred for use in power
Engineering at the Alagappa Chettiar College of Engineering and Technology,
Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, India 630004 (phone: +91 8870385942, e-mail: plants [11].
jamuna.aero@gmail.com).
International Scholarly and Scientific Research & Innovation 10(5) 2016 980 scholar.waset.org/1307-6892/10004702
World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology
International Journal of Computer and Systems Engineering
Vol:10, No:5, 2016
The displaceement in the expansion jooint is restrictted by codde cover thosee for pipe, flaanges, boltingg, gaskets, vaalves,
guuide rod whenn it exceeds the design vaalue in the case of relieef devices annd fittings. It includes suppports, hangerss and
emmploying single expansions joints. When the displacem ment is otheer equipment items necessaary to preventt overstressingg the
larrge, double jooints are prefferred. Normaally the thrustt force presssure-containinng componentts.
prroduced by thhe displacement reaction annd internal prressure
A
A.Piping Routiing Parameterrs
wiill react at thee fixed point oof the expansioon joint. By fiixing a
guuide rod at thhat fixed poinnt, the possibble damage ccan be • Design pressure: 210 bar
avvoided since it enables sufficient strrength againsst the • Working meddium: Sh steam m
geenerated thrustt force. • Working tem mperature: 540°C
• Pipe size: D2219.1x8.17
II.M
MODELING • Pipe materiall: SA 335 P222
• Pipe density: 0.0078 kg/ccc
In the pipingg systems varioous failure moodes is to affeect the
• Insulation: 1000 mm
ovverall functionn of the pow wer plant [9]]. Mainly thee pipe
• Insulation deensity: 240 kg//m3
enngineer is to consider the stress analysis according to the
T
The geometricc properties of piping syystem are directly
pipping codes. It depends uponn the material,, supports and loads. giveen to the softwware. The maaterial is to be selected from m the
Thhe major stresss categories aare primary, seecondary, andd peak.
International Science Index, Computer and Systems Engineering Vol:10, No:5, 2016 waset.org/Publication/10004702
matterial library. In
I piping systeem SA335 P222 is selected from
Thhe pipe stress depends upon structural inntegrity, operaational the material libraary available in the CAES SAR software.. For
integrity and ooptimal desiggn. These coodes contain basic pipiing stress anallysis, piping laayout is to be m
modeled first.. Fig.
reference data, formulas, andd equations nnecessary for piping 1 iss the piping layout availaable in literatture [1] whicch is
ASME B31.1 Power Pipingg Code
deesign and stress analysis. A considered for thee analysis of piping
p stress with
w supports.
cooncerns in thiis piping systeem. Design requirements
r oof this
ASTM A3355 P22 Pipe (AS SME S/A335, Chrome-Molly) is a TAB BLE I
PROPERTIES OFF PIPE ROUTING
seeamless ferrittic Alloy-Steeel Pipe for high tempeerature
C
COMPOSITION
seervice. Pipe off this specificaation shall be ssuitable for beending, Maaterial
flaanging (vanstooning), and sim milar formingg operations, anda for C Mn P S S
Si Cr Mo
fuusion welding. Usually chroome moly pipees are referredd as “P SA
A335 0.05- 0.30- 0.50 1.90- 00.87-
0.0255 0.025
P
P22 0.15 0.60 m
max 2.60 1.13
Grrade” pipes annd few populaar categories arre P5, P9, P111, P22,
annd P91.
TThe propertiess of pipe rouuting material are presenteed in
Molybdenum m increases thee strength of steel as well as the
Tabble I. The size of the material to be used commonly is NPS
elaastic limit, resistance too wear, imppact qualitiess, and
1/4'' to NPS 48''. T
The wall thickkness is considdered as schedduled
haardenability. Molybdenum m increases the resistance to
40.
sooftening, restraains grain growwth.
International Scholarly and Scientific Research & Innovation 10(5) 2016 981 scholar.waset.org/1307-6892/10004702
World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology
International Journal of Computer and Systems Engineering
Vol:10, No:5, 2016
B.Pipe Stiffneess Calculatioon for Expansion Joints infoormation such as stiffness vvalue for axial, bending, torrsion,
Pipe stiffnesss is calculated using: rotaational and meean radius are to be fed into the software.
T
The design of piping layoutt is modeled using
u CAESA AR-II
PS = E
El/0.149r3 softtware. The staarting of the ppiping system is connected with
nozzle. It is dividded into two bbranches and one
o end is withh the
PSS = Pipe Stifffness, psi; E = Modulus off Elasticity, psi; I = Trannslational Dirrectional (y+) and other ennd connected with
M
Moment of Ineertia of pipe perp Unit; L= Length of Piipe, in anchhor.
4//Lin; r = Meaan Radius of P Pipe, in. D = Mean Diameeter of
Piipe, in. III.RESULT AN
ND DISCUSSION
N
A
A.Piping System m with Hangeer Support
E= 3.06E7, I=772.49 in, R=4.2232 in
F
Fig. 2 is a pipinng layout incoorporating ninee hangers whiich is
3.06
6 ∗ 10 ∗ 72.49 moddeled using C CAESAR II software. Thhe model is then
0.1
149 ∗ 4.232 simu
mulated with suustained type oof loading systtem and the ouutput
paraameters such displacement at various pooints, stressess and
1
19.64 ∗ 10 nozzle loads weere observed. Moment andd force at haanger
International Science Index, Computer and Systems Engineering Vol:10, No:5, 2016 waset.org/Publication/10004702
International Scholarly and Scientific Research & Innovation 10(5) 2016 982 scholar.waset.org/1307-6892/10004702
World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology
International Journal of Computer and Systems Engineering
Vol:10, No:5, 2016
TA
ABLE III Figg. 3 Modeled Piiping System with Expansion JJoint and Restraaints
LO
OAD AND MOMEN NT ON PIPING SYST
TEM WITH HANGEER SUPPORT- CAE ESAR II S
Support in CAEESAR II Softwarre
OUTPUT
F
FX FY FZ MX MY MZ F
Force / Load and
a moment ata hanger locaations can alsso be
N
Node Loaad Case
lb. lb. lb. ft.lb. ft.lb. ft.lb.
11 ProgDesignn VSH 4(SUS) 0 -792 0 0 0 0
obtaained from CAESAR-II
C ssoftware and are presenteed in
21 ProgDesignn VSH 4(SUS) 0 -381 0 0 0 0
Tabble IV.
22 ProgDesignn VSH 4(SUS) 0 -902 0 0 0 0 TAB BLE IV
31 ProgDesignn VSH 4(SUS) 0 -798 0 0 0 0 NODDAL DISPLACEME ENT AND ROTATIOON OF PIPING SYST TEM WITH EXPANNSION
41 ProgDesignn VSH 4(SUS) 0 -385 0 0 0 0 JOINT AND
D RESTRAINTS SUUPPORT – CAESAR R II OUTPUT
51 ProgDesignn VSH 4(SUS) 0 -315 0 0 0 0 Nodde Load Casee FX lb. FY lb.
l FZ lb. MX ft.llb. MY ft.lb. MZ
Z ft.lb.
61 ProgDesignn VSH 4(SUS) 0 -226 0 0 0 0 15 Rigid +Y 2(SU US) 0 -13005 0 0 0 0
70 Rigid ANNC 4(SUS) 0 10 0 -1607 0 --643.9 21 Rigid Y 2(SUUS) 0 3500 0 0 0 0
1102 Rigid ANNC 4(SUS) 0 -280 0 0 0 0 31 Rigid Y 2(SUUS) 0 -983 0 0 0 0
1141 Rigid ANNC 4(SUS) 0 -190 0 0 0 0 40 Rigid +Y 2(SU US) 0 -18000 0 0 0 0
1151 Rigid +
+Y 4(SUS) 0 0 0 0 0 0 51 Rigid Y 2(SUUS) 0 -518 0 0 0 0
70 Rigid ANC 2(S SUS) 0 -152 0 -1.6 0 16.8
B.Piping Systtem with Expaansion Joint annd Restraints 1111 Rigid Y 2(SU US) 0 -325 0 0 0 0
Piping system
m incorporatinng two expannsion joints annd five 1311 Rigid +Y 2(SU US) 0 -188 0 0 0 0
restraints are m
modeled to thhe same geom metry and sim mulated
wiith same operrating pressurre and temperrature. Fig. 2 is the
International Scholarly and Scientific Research & Innovation 10(5) 2016 983 scholar.waset.org/1307-6892/10004702
World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology
International Journal of Computer and Systems Engineering
Vol:10, No:5, 2016
International Scholarly and Scientific Research & Innovation 10(5) 2016 984 scholar.waset.org/1307-6892/10004702