ona ‘oa ‘stem 4 qm 4 [ ‘Thismosel of trary communion ofesasimpibed represen | tation ofthe most important elements and ogentinwaled nthe ‘munition proes Aauthoroairsen produces teary | text (message whichis simutaneousy the motel ass ot | ‘eum (casa via wh the menage maces thereto | Ieode address the adress it understand the et he ‘rate must share a cmmon language ond smlar gener on. ‘eons cae) wh teaser itary text gees nr ‘ponte smc. te hora or contemporsy Eel on teed, bt these rofcies oe sue cigs of ate ‘This made of ear communication facts the tek show tocol ne thee fulfient of eta cena (e elow), Consdeted mn hcl octeed ty coin oust tire nde ‘nicanty tom tens ter soc sen (or example. tom gel. oxademic ond 0) The approothes and meade textual aia ttoduced in the loving cheese con | Seroed wih he ivetgaton of Merton a symone ser. However theeended tll sphereotheiteraryntions can ‘ho be ie sujet of investigation 8a soon sytem whch ‘mpd nt mer of Hear tay, bu oo fe vay OF soem rls and tons. i ‘The sly of Anglo ear hes enemas on ‘tansy ad fal cating oo oly be ntepreaion lity xs tool ter epee of kieran aay frieand ata scot sytem sconcmedon the one hand wah thedwlopmentot heres mosesand mthodsoftextaal aba sand th the histor fBaish sh America and ana: ‘Ban het ax wel or ther iter wen athe gh | ‘inguage Or te ater hands ao cncemd with E89. | ‘ples author the development othe bask ade the ede | tind ensonnip ot wel cb wih thereon ndtcam o | i ftoture Howercr a nivesty couse wl on fos on Ierary {ext whlch ae water tn Engst nd patel an the analy sis end interpretation of erry texts To reach & mare precise eanton othe nao erry ues then, we mus fs elabo- ‘tea working dfinon of ieatre aed day what Mind fexescan be sie rey. ery Ses bj tes Mj te an ech Dig G Criteria for a Definition of Literature “cents of Ieray eheosts have attemgted to anor the (Gon “Wer tevtre™ which wasastedoy fo Pat Sart {isng with counties thes: however trains ths day ety ‘Gop And yet he word Lear’ sown to everyone, ae Sehustnllmanner af eational and everyday content Acoe ‘Eales poreoversecondary Meare, bokshops are wel stocked ‘ih tavel ond ules’ iterate andaoon However ethougt ‘retoy al have an ative understanding of what meant by the term Ieroture such subjective nations oe abou of ie led wre when tempting to delim the scope ofan entire di ple inorder to reachan adequate definition of testa Eoterary tdi we need vob cto which enable st ferente betwee teary and ae-terry tos, We een, Fever concern outelvs hee with defining the ‘sane’ of tore. or wit eaching deve conclusions abut wha ie fete What we need la viable moring denton ofthe ‘An examination of dtions in encydopacdia and implied def {ntnsin trary hisercs demonstrates hata fundamental {con ca be te between road and narrow deaons of the terme Gnes 1989)“ the bade sense ‘Sompsts all writen communications, the eae caps ‘Toten ond ponte werk However even defition of hs ‘tenth onc despe the tipo potent tng {Wit sppleation, ment Englah itemry hitoves ere based) ‘chads oa tertures A huge numberof narower denon So ent elthough they show remarkble lok of consenss ‘Scaring the prec nate of erate. Tey generally ony roforasmanyof thers itrtueln henarow ns ‘Bpoetcand imaginatve ts ‘eth probem remains that. nore ach aston fin tes of‘terature, conte charac and ete that can ‘Gm the basso catgorsation orien” or on erry ‘st beidentied A good del fin hasbeen spine attempt {denne te ‘eroriesof rary texts owewts, again hee Tee somone about the prods guar eres By tis ‘The qusstionofwhatconattes the erin fa tery work tecame ll te ore dif when one consi tot teem ier has always Den sujet strat charge an tt ican sry conaderahiy Bom one clr context fo hese AS ‘Srey there can bem prea valid anser tothe question Laine aisoryeee ‘hedet saveaty pou 16 QUOD ay Sti: Sat a,j a es Dane | at tert nese’. The hisorcl and cla art Sly ofthe tar iteatte’ bebe partly evden we tre cove the fiona wanton fom te oly edited ‘ature which ssieommon a mony ares othe farmer Bish Empire we tn wor and ston ote tren media or | anda than superseded bythe gunrton of fow erry ote ‘rompia. citmate adaptations of novel. As ars of tes ‘anges eum we are cone ing conoid with em Text, auch fa plays and srenplays, which node et ‘move suance other ertur a etemp ois a Fitoial warts of iterate’ nthe courwe a shor itotc| Aon woul, of couse, be impose However inportant {cml onesel with teat the mont important cena wich fave been applied in previo aterptto dengue erate’ ‘tom ote forms oft Scholae of teaturegeneraly agree thot deiitons based on Dutcuior normative or qultatve snr (hich lena Fer example teaween high bow" ond eww trata) oe problemete not eat Boe rac eet Snot tad up to ‘Shjctne smi, Normative sates ovluebsed deitons flier’ ar therefore usualy vored nowoaays. Ter ‘ha generl comers that any liferenatin betwee ery ‘Sed non trary tex should low deseve fs posed Prescp) ei, and base leon cera textual and cn ‘wo cena enti for erensatng beeen ray inthe nae row sense) enon itary fxs hae ool ba he ‘ite way in whith erature postions tel neko to ra faa, in pvt ‘ty ortepresint tc Incanto ort ets ten, ter ‘ry tnt mae no preence of ering dey and xp tel, nor of mong coal soemens about ts vel. ame experaens of @ play ora novel isury texts may wel iRiororste many gee even ute specie references foo textual ‘ray for exampe to general knowiedge ot ce tein exrting paws, people onevens but they genezlly exh ‘omore ane eaoship to actual eal ‘erry theory bas ong ben concern with tbcenta ueston| ‘tthe rlauonship between the imaginative werd evoked by 2 Terry etc reay The tern miss’ (ook fori ton whi bs been a concep cena aeshts ice Ant Uy considers ieretar eltorshiporeallty tbe re Ietmtaton of te ral worl. The mae rene however tal ry eto ot merely nen contort tad rely and tesary texts rein dynamic otra. The em poe [iene or the making) on he other hand emphasis that ‘rota eur independent mel of walt wt spec Hear coo he ston of he rlasorahip between erate arsoe the knowlege, the experiences, os well ste aloes [nan ofthe petou in wis they hove tc genes The diferent dims made year are non iterary text in [Esc the rth of th content 0 thelr pokay © rely ead ono farher imporon rer forte ere. faten betwee the two the tional” of Bern text Tis term dered fom Ltn (rom ge caning or ent ie een the ict orate at he we [suc texts ore therefore descbed or cona andlor tie Fey nome og cnr eae of see amare ao sconnenseremceasiy ppaced Aga i eitray sem here, coma Sr rd Sth seen oh ki area Oe Tuoepuettntrastne enattue ene? ces ete ci wopaic meus cio Tiny cap stn nace Sree wee epacicabeni chasers spear hee eee ete eal cep selenftion Tetaguuomnse ects ceca cele hs treet na my na Sees Six sfice Cte aupeandieenlnents ronda el Nee Se eet ar inca teks erecarn ‘Siting ato een eer whether a reader cera text a Sesonal or non fon i (Spendont oc age doit on the signals ives byte text tel ‘ater than being iaereyGconl erry ext presents ‘Salfarsuch by giving crn gral. By signal or ident ficionliy wemecn al hasesigaswhihindateto tha sear ‘atthe word presented wihus de ta I fabated, and hat ‘Sto te rod acon othe rus othe aesthetic convertion, Noplonal texts conversely incorporate’ contig Inca ‘oes whidhean be esrb asa slgnas. Signals for Beton ay which a aceur win varying deers equency and con entutonanaleequnty ali deve interpretations ora ‘phil change nd toa variety of conventions. ‘Thee ore etn textual fetus which play an importa ae |msgvain Hetonaly and in const te erent odes sonal the Senet ‘onverton Signal ornator ‘aio Anbigaty Prbytence cf etring 6 eat nara onto! es. The {nude parr nro orconcoting frm orem | De ‘Onee spon atime eqns fo tle The ae of corn {Eenecmnt, partclony hare whose rate, emporat ‘sonal ference cannot datntvl be lated o entra textual {ealy high dere of ambit, and he incasion fasion ‘Sates ty econ ces ago fr fly a {ound wethin the perro opresetational ecu hi ee at oe oot een 2 cer distinction sald be made between the textual ial} ‘ae bore nd cone wells grteail Sn ‘Stuctione (rename tae vat post eodigs) arwel af Henle slong tothe publahing process (ct pubshng| ‘bese forexample ore prenry own fo Spesalng ne | ‘So wheres ces publanmaialy nfo book) onde ‘external preston ofa boc, Potextoa signal for ton | Siyron th her hand, Inde ne tie and eubii vedsons| the text genetic tems Such os ‘novo ‘comedy ed eg ‘Sclimers (any sina toany pero, ving ordre, par feincderta. i} 2 fare charters eau of erature iit ambiguity, el} esrb ae 'plyolence’ In conta ete ea oe rates pose expe and cy, which applied to non-tonal {eat teary texts ond ten even shat erp fom so ex) ‘pial orvariaus interpretations, thane intra hbiguter When polyaener aru in ear ex then is ‘Grad tl agua ethan ao Ina ea ‘sroftinetbles of gates or nenspopers ho expec oie ‘rede inte iyo eden anh troy text n acotdance wih the paljlence convention lesteod of ejecting pulence, they expect Hear tents o beh pen toa varity of intepetatons. Asa esto he cestete) nd palaencecanventions deter, hero texsarewxpeted, foro’ the epnto cen amount freedom to nr ‘soning nse of one prtsir meaning, hey fea cate) ‘rlewer numer of potent meanings, which he reader aso eget Tito png apne seit oh roles eid ort ing eo ‘hme hove ben any mur of other temps dtngush Terwcen Mery end nomiteray texts Get Exar 1983/3003, ‘hope 1)-h fundamental vito canbe made beeen ex frum dfston,whinatempt o dene tease on he ‘af ening or fmol Carotene ferry ext Sa cometarented!coneptions oferta which dow ot Stem tocar The scone epproac Indudes their oie ‘Seu onthe production or meeton ested of era tothe gens wok ote pet eo ets rom the tats Ten flere eof emotion {Ses and te aperonchs in whch thar rounded, Aecxting to texts approaches which frm the bs of {lumicand formals conerptions oferta sear tex ore ‘Skingushed by porsular gute nd syste eats, te try lange, the lechoracerze by age degre devlten fom everyday languoge,afestare which sso refered o ot ‘oulosction or “dctomibaaaon. According to these pprooces, the main tsk of erry studies to Mena te Sey egos nw hi erations According ta widespread vew which sboseonjasosonscom vocation mode see above), thelterrinesaf ingles ‘ons detrnned by the dominance ef porter fincton of ‘nouoge the ofreteonsd pote Fneion This ie lst tat nero ext longuoge faced on te oman lbonalchoracester of he inguisic ung Bioas fa text {The dominans ofthe pot encton ws parteary vit yosme ee chapler 3 freon be regarded a 0 wateaht feren forte taification of teary tex, however, Sst Iecniguescan found ohertypeefianguage us, for eat othe than ocasing on tye orlanguage, ber proaches ake Iheapeii ropes of Merry communication os the sang Fin Aa eau eure een dened geo nompragmate ‘Exzune, because a poem ero tagedy unlike, fr exompl, 0 ‘ermanel doesnt seve specie purpose and gives ede tn for action This efnion does aoe ower pp ol Tery texts, becouse some genes of indeeua Wars ot iste polcl novels or ploy by Groner Beno Sea) re Intended to servea certain puro ncontrast oeppoahes which atempt oe earnest ce tn textl fates, ther attempts to dene the fesse "otiteannesssbase rman on theartede of held pri