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1
100
90
80
70
60
Vu (kip)
50
40
30
20
10
0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
x (ft)
3. Pick stirrup size and set spacing. To begin, we determine the distance from the support to
the end of Zone C.
φVc = 0.75(39.8 kip) = 29.9 kip (17)
Vu (x) = 108.9 kip − (7.68 kip/ ft)x = φVc = 29.9 kip (18)
(108.9 kip − 29.9 kip)
⇒x = = 10.3 ft (19)
(7.68 kip/ft)
Zone C ends 10.3 feet from the support, which is shown graphically by the dotted line in
Figure 1. Try a #3 stirrup (Ab = 0.11 in2 ⇒ Av = 0.22 in2 ). Use Vu,max to calculate the
stirrup spacing, s.
Av fy d
s = Vu,max
(20)
φ
− Vc
0.22 in (60 kip/in2 )(22.5 in)
2
= 94.5 kip
(21)
0.75
− 39.8 kip
= 3.45 in (22)
Spacing is inadequate: it is best to use s ≥ 4 in. Try a #4 stirrup (Ab = 0.20 in2 ⇒ Av =
0.40 in2 ):
0.40 in2 (60 kip/in2 )(22.5 in)
s = 94.5 kip
(23)
0.75
− 39.8 kip
= 6.26 in (24)
Use s = 6 in as the stirrup spacing. The shear capacity of the stirrups, Vs is then calculated
as:
Av fy d 0.40 in2 (60 kip/in2 )(22.5 in)
Vs = = = 90 kip (25)
s 6 in
p
This value must be compared to 4 fc0 bd to check maximum spacing:
p p
4 fc0 bd = 4 4, 000 lb/in2 (14 in)(22.5 in)1 kip/1000 lb = 79.7 kip (26)
2
p
Thus, because Vs > 4 fc0 bd, the spacing must satisfy
Use an initial spacing of 5 inches to meet the maximum spacing of 5.6 inches. We should
change spacing at most two or three times. If we increase spacing to s = 8 in:
Solving as before, this spacing may begin 5.5 feet from the support.
Moving on to Zone B, the maximum spacing is s = d/2, or s = 11 in as shown above. We
also need to check the minimum steel area from {ACI 11.5.5.3}:
p √
0.75 fc0 bw s 0.75 4, 000 lb/in2 (14 in)(11 in)
Av ≥ = (35)
fy 60, 000 lb/in2
≥ 0.12 in2 (36)
50bw s 50 psi(14 in)(11 in)
Av ≥ = (37)
fy 60, 000 lb/in2
≥ 0.13 in2 (38)
The larger area (Av ≥ 0.13 in2 ) controls. A #3 would work (Av = 2Ab = 2(0.11 in2 ) =
0.22 in2 ), but we do not want to change bar size. Use a #4 at spacing s = 11 in.
Lastly, determine where Zone A starts:
3
Rebar at Center
8 @ 5" 4 @ 8" 6 @ 11"
10"
2"
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
x (feet)
4. Sketch.
The first stirrup will be placed a distance s/2 from the support. The initial spacing is 5 inches
so that the first stirrup would be at 2.5 inches. But, we want to detail everything in whole
inches so use an initial space of 2 inches. Nine additional stirrups at 5 inch spacing takes us to
47 inches past the support or 3.9 ft—a bit past the 3.70 feet calculated above in Equation 32.
Four more stirrups at 8 inch spacing takes us to 71 inches (5.9 feet) and 6 more stirrups at
11 inches on center will leave a 10 inch distance to the reinforcing bar at the midspan.