Arithmetic Progression Geometric Progression

1. Common Difference 1. Common Ratio

d  Tn  Tn1 Tn T2 T3
r r 
Tn 1 T1 T2
d  T2  T1
 T3  T2 2. The nth term

2. The nth term Tn  ar n1

Tn  a  (n  1) d 3. Sum of the first n terms

3. Sum of the first n terms a  rn  1

Sn  , r  1 for r  1
r 1
Sn 
n
2 a  (n 1) d 
2 a 1  r n 
Sn  , r  1, for r  1
or 1 r

n 4. Sum to infinity:
Sn 
2
 a  l
a
S  , r 1
where l = last term 1 r

If a, b and c are 3 consecutive terms of AP If e, f and g are 3 consecutive terms of GP

c – b = b- a g f

f e

If S n is given as a function of n, then use:

Tn  Sn  Sn1

First term, a  T1  S1

Second term, T2  S2  S1

Sum of all the terms from the m th term to the nth term:)

Sum  Sn  Sm1

(For example –The sum from 3rd term to 7th term, Sum  S 7  S 2 )