coe eh main magnetic flux. The outer frame or yoke is a holt
ne ae Steel or rolled steel, An even number of pole cores artis!
e. serves
“gyoke. The yoke serves the following two Purposes’:
(a) It 7
i uF Supports the pole cores and acts as protecting cover to the os
() It forms a Part of the Magnetic circuit,
468Wen ea
Field windings
eam re
Commutator
Armature
conductors
Fig. 6.1(a).
Main parts
ofa 4-pole
dc. machine.
Interpole
ce the poles project inwards they are called salient poles. Each pole core
mice having a curved surface. The pole shoe serves two purposes :
ie
js Po @ It supports the field coils.
(i) Iincreases the cross-sectional area of the magnetic circuit and reduces.
its reluctance.
The pole cores are made of sheet steel laminations that are insulated from
pxhother and riveted together. The poles are laminated to reduce eddy-current loss.
tach pole core has one or more field coils (windings) placed over it to
produce a magnetic field. The field coils (or exciting coils) are connected in series
ith one another such that when the current flows through the coils, alternate
tthand south poles are produced in the direction of rotation.
$22 Armature
The rotating part of the d.c. machine is called the armature. The armature
insists of a shaft upon which a laminated cylinder, called armature core, is
Tmunled. The armature core has grooves or slots on its outer surface. The lamina-
‘ns are insulated from each other and tightly clamped together. In small ma-
tines the laminations are keyed directly to the shaft. In large machines they are
Tounted on a spider. The purpose of using laminations is to reduce eddy-current loss.
The insulated conductors
inductors are we
are put in the slots of the armature core. The
Mevent thery
n fly
dged and bands of steel wire are fastened round the core to
ing under centrifugal forces. The conductors are suitably con-
| This conne
pes Cled arrangement of conductors is called armature winding.
~_Wifdings are used—wave and lap.
Com,
" Smmutator and brushgear
Ubi lemating volt
fy direct
Hoe et Curre
Wot
‘age is produced in
a coil rotating in a magnetic field. To
Tit init ea = asd hin, etEl -
eC
7
bars or segments insulated from each other and fro, the
hard-drawn copper = ring around the shaft of the armature. Each com, * shag
ted to the ends of the armature coils (Fig. 6.1), Ua,
The segments foi
segment is connec
Fig. 6.1(b), Commuters,
r
Current is collected from imature-winding-bymeans of two or S
carbon brushes mounted on the commen ne sin brush is supported inane
box called-a brish box oF brusirlolder. The pressure exerted by the brushes om ;
commutator can be adjusted le
springs. Current produced in the a :
tor and then to the external circuit
MAGNETIC CIRCUIT OF A D.C. GENERATOR
The magnetic circuit of
broken lines indicate the Main fh
by means of brushes.
6.3
Yoke Fig. 6.2. Magnetic circuit of
94 pole d.c. generator.
Armature