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Engineering Mathematics New PDF
Engineering Mathematics New PDF
ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS
MCQ 1.1 The area enclosed between the straight line y = x and the parabola y = x2
in the x -y plane is
(A) 1/6 (B) 1/4
(C) 1/3 (D) 1/2
MCQ 1.2 Consider the function f (x) = x in the interval − 1 # x # 1. At the point
x = 0 , f (x) is
(A) continuous and differentiable
(B) non-continuous and differentiable
(C) continuous and non-differentiable
(D) neither continuous nor differentiable
MCQ 1.5 For the spherical surface x2 + y2 + z2 = 1, the unit outward normal vector at
the point c 1 , 1 , 0 m is given by
2 2
(A) 1 i+ 1 j (B) 1 i − 1 j
2 2 2 2
(C) k (D) 1 i+ 1 j+ 1 k
3 3 3
MCQ 1.6 The inverse Laplace transform of the function F (s) = 1 is given by
s (s + 1)
(A) f (t) = sin t (B) f (t) = e−t sin t
(C) f (t) = e−t (D) f (t) = 1 − e−t
5 3
For the matrix A = >
1 3H
MCQ 1.7 , ONE of the normalized eigen vectors given as
J 1N J 1 N
K 2O K O
2O
(A) K O (B) K
KK 3 OO K −1 O
2 K O
L P L 2P
J 3 N J 1 N
K O K O
10 O 5O
(C) K (D) K
K −1 O K 2 O
K O K O
L 10 P L 5P
MCQ 1.8 A box contains 4 red balls and 6 black balls. Three balls are selected randomly
from the box one after another, without replacement. The probability that
the selected set contains one red ball and two black balls is
(A) 1/20 (B) 1/12
(C) 3/10 (D) 1/2
MCQ 1.9 Consider the differential equation x2 (d 2 y/dx 2) + x (dy/dx) − 4y = 0 with the
boundary conditions of y (0) = 0 and y (1) = 1. The complete solution of the
differential equation is
(A) x2 (B) sin a πx k
2
(C) ex sin a πx k (D) e−x sin a πx k
2 2
MCQ 1.10
x + 2y + z = 4
2x + y + 2z = 5
x−y+z = 1
The system of algebraic equations given above has
(A) a unique solution of x = 1, y = 1 and z = 1.
(B) only the two solutions of (x = 1, y = 1, z = 1) and (x = 2, y = 1, z = 0)
(C) infinite number of solutions
(D) no feasible solution
2! 4! 3! 5!
2! 3! 3! 5!
MCQ 1.12 What is lim sin θ equal to ?
θ"0 θ
#−a f (x) dx
a
MCQ 1.15 If f (x) is an even function and a is a positive real number, then
equals
(A) 0 (B) a
(D) 2 # f (x) dx
a
(C) 2a
0
(D) y = tan b x + c l
2
(C) y = tan2 a x k + c
2 2
MCQ 1.18 An unbiased coin is tossed five times. The outcome of each toss is either a
head or a tail. The probability of getting at least one head is
(A) 1 (B) 13
32 32
(C) 16 (D) 31
32 32
MCQ 1.20 The parabolic arc y = x , 1 # x # 2 is revolved around the x -axis. The
volume of the solid of revolution is
(A) π/4
(B) π/2
(C) 3π/4
(D) 3π/2
d 3f f d 2f
MCQ 1.21 The Blasius equation, 3 + 2 = 0 , is a
dη dη2
(A) second order nonlinear ordinary differential equation
(B) third order nonlinear ordinary differential equation
(C) third order linear ordinary differential equation
(D) mixed order nonlinear ordinary differential equation
2 2
MCQ 1.25 One of the eigen vectors of the matrix A = > H is
1 3
2 2
(A) > H (B) > H
−1 1
4 1
(C) > H (D) > H
1 −1
MCQ 1.26 The Laplace transform of a function f (t) is 2 1 . The function f (t) is
s (s + 1)
MCQ 1.27 A box contains 2 washers, 3 nuts and 4 bolts. Items are drawn from the box
at random one at a time without replacement. The probability of drawing 2
washers first followed by 3 nuts and subsequently the 4 bolts is
(A) 2/315 (B) 1/630
(C) 1/1260 (D) 1/2520
MCQ 1.28 Torque exerted on a flywheel over a cycle is listed in the table. Flywheel
energy (in J per unit cycle) using Simpson’s rule is
3/5 4/5
MCQ 1.29 For a matrix 6M @ = > H, the transpose of the matrix is equal to the
x 3/5
inverse of the matrix, 6M @ = 6M @ . The value of x is given by
T −1
(A) − 4 (B) − 3
5 5
(C) 3 (D) 4
5 5
MCQ 1.30 The divergence of the vector field 3xzi + 2xyj − yz2 k at a point (1, 1, 1) is
equal to
(A) 7 (B) 4
(C) 3 (D) 0
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MCQ 1.32 If three coins are tossed simultaneously, the probability of getting at least
one head is
(A) 1/8 (B) 3/8
(C) 1/2 (D) 7/8
(A) π − 1 (B) π + 1
2 2
(C) π (D) 1
2
MCQ 1.36 The distance between the origin and the point nearest to it on the surface
z2 = 1 + xy is
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(A) 1 (B) 3
2
(C) 3 (D) 2
MCQ 1.45 Consider the shaded triangular region P shown in the figure. What is
## xydxdy ?
P
(A) 1 (B) 2
6 9
(C) 7 (D) 1
16
MCQ 1.46 The directional derivative of the scalar function f (x, y, z) = x2 + 2y2 + z at
the point
P = (1, 1, 2) in the direction of the vector a = 3i − 4j is
(A) − 4 (B) − 2
(C) − 1 (D) 1
MCQ 1.47 For what value of a, if any will the following system of equation in x, y and z
have a solution ?
2x + 3y = 4
x+y+z = 4
3x + 2y − z = a
(A) Any real number (B) 0
(C) 1 (D) There is no such value
MCQ 1.49 The integral # f (z) dz evaluated around the unit circle on the complex plane
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1 2 1 1
MCQ 1.51 The eigen vector of the matrix > H are written in the form > H and > H.
0 2 a b
What is a + b ?
(A) 0 (B) 1
2
(C) 1 (D) 2
22 f
MCQ 1.52 Let f = yx . What is at x = 2, y = 1 ?
2x2y
(A) 0 (B) ln 2
(C) 1 (D) 1
ln 2
MCQ 1.53 It is given that y m + 2yl + y = 0, y (0) = 0, y (1) = 0 . What is y (0.5) ?
(A) 0 (B) 0.37
(C) 0.62 (D) 1.13
MCQ 1.55 If a square matrix A is real and symmetric, then the eigen values
(A) are always real (B) are always real and positive
(C) are always real and non-negative (D) occur in complex conjugate
pairs
MCQ 1.56 If ϕ (x, y) and ψ (x, y) are functions with continuous second derivatives, then
ϕ (x, y) + iψ (x, y) can be expressed as an analytic function of x + iψ (i = − 1)
, when
2ϕ 2ψ 2ϕ 2ψ 2ϕ 2ψ 2ϕ 2ψ
(A) =− , = (B) =− , =
2x 2x 2y 2y 2y 2x 2x 2y
22ϕ 22ϕ 22 ψ 22 ψ 2ϕ 2ϕ 2ψ 2ψ
(C) + = + =1 (D) + = + =0
2x2 2y2 2x2 2y2 2x 2y 2x 2y
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22 ϕ 22 ϕ 2ϕ 2ϕ
MCQ 1.57 The partial differential equation + + + = 0 has
2x2 2y2 2x 2y
(A) degree 1 order 2 (B) degree 1 order 1
(C) degree 2 order 1 (D) degree 2 order 2
MCQ 1.59 The area of a triangle formed by the tips of vectors a, b and c is
(A) 1 (a − b) : (a − c) (B) 1 (a − b) # (a − c)
2 2
(C) 1 a # b # c (D) 1 (a # b) : c
2 2
dy
MCQ 1.60 The solution of = y2 with initial value y (0) = 1 bounded in the interval
dx
(A) − 3 # x # 3 (B) − 3 # x # 1
(C) x < 1, x > 1 (D) − 2 # x # 2
MCQ 1.61 If F (s) is the Laplace transform of function f (t), then Laplace transform of
t
#0 f (τ) dτ is
MCQ 1.62 A calculator has accuracy up to 8 digits after decimal place. The value of
2π
#0 sin xdx
when evaluated using the calculator by trapezoidal method with 8 equal
intervals, to 5 significant digits is
(A) 0.00000 (B) 1.0000
(C) 0.00500 (D) 0.00025
MCQ 1.63 Let X and Y be two independent random variables. Which one of the
relations between expectation (E), variance (Var) and covariance (Cov)
given below is FALSE ?
(A) E (XY ) = E (X ) E (Y ) (B) Cοv (X, Y ) = 0
(C) Var (X + Y ) = Var (X ) + Var (Y ) (D) E (X 2 Y 2) = (E (X )) 2 (E (Y )) 2
ex − b1 + x + x l
2
2
MCQ 1.64 lim 3 =
x"0 x
(A) 0 (B) 1/6
(C) 1/3 (D) 1
2 1
MCQ 1.65 The number of linearly independent eigen vectors of > H is
0 2
(A) 0 (B) 1
(C) 2 (D) infinite
MCQ 1.68 Let x denote a real number. Find out the INCORRECT statement.
(A) S = {x : x > 3} represents the set of all real numbers greater than 3
(B) S = {x : x2 < 0} represents the empty set.
(C) S = {x : x ! A and x ! B} represents the union of set A and set B .
(D) S = {x : a < x < b} represents the set of all real numbers between a and
b, where a and b are real numbers.
MCQ 1.69 A box contains 20 defective items and 80 non-defective items. If two items
are selected at random without replacement, what will be the probability
that both items are defective ?
(A) 1 (B) 1
5 25
(C) 20 (D) 19
99 495
3 2
MCQ 1.70 Eigen values of a matrix S = > H are 5 and 1. What are the eigen
2 3
values of the matrix S 2 = SS ?
(A) 1 and 25 (B) 6 and 4
(C) 5 and 1 (D) 2 and 10
MCQ 1.71 Equation of the line normal to function f (x) = (x − 8) 2/3 + 1 at P (0, 5) is
(A) y = 3x − 5 (B) y = 3x + 5
(C) 3y = x + 15 (D) 3y = x − 15
π/3
MCQ 1.72 Assuming i = − 1 and t is a real number, #0 eit dt is
(A) 3 + i1 (B) 3 − i1
2 2 2 2
(C) 1 + i 3 (D) 1 + i c1 − 3 m
2 2 2 2
d 2y dy
2 + 4 dx + 3y = 3e , the particular integral is
2x
MCQ 1.75 For
dx
(C) 1 (D) 1
3 6
MCQ 1.79 A lot has 10% defective items. Ten items are chosen randomly from this lot.
The probability that exactly 2 of the chosen items are defective is
(A) 0.0036
(B) 0.1937
(C) 0.2234
(D) 0.3874
0 0
MCQ 1.83 Which one of the following is an eigen vector of the matrix
R V
S5 0 0 0W
S0 5 0 0W
S0 0 2 1W
S W
R V S0 0 3 1W R V
S 1W T X S0W
S− 2W S0W
(A) S W (B) S W
S 0W S1W
S 0W S0W
TR VX TR X V
S W 1 S 1W
S 0W S− 1W
(C) S W (D) S W
S 0W S 2W
S− 2W S 1W
T X T X
MCQ 1.84 With a 1 unit change in b, what is the change in x in the solution of the
system of equations x + y = 2, 1.01x + 0.99y = b ?
(A) zero (B) 2 units
(C) 50 units (D) 100 units
MCQ 1.85 By a change of variable x (u, v) = uv, y (u, v) = v/u is double integral, the
integrand f (x, y) changes to f (uv, v/u) φ (u, v). Then, φ (u, v) is
(A) 2v/u (B) 2uv
(C) v2 (D) 1
MCQ 1.86 The right circular cone of largest volume that can be enclosed by a sphere
of 1 m radius has a height of
(A) 1/3 m (B) 2/3 m
dy 2 ln (x)
MCQ 1.87 If x2 + 2xy = and y (1) = 0 , then what is y (e) ?
dx x
(A) e (B) 1
(C) 1/e (D) 1/e2
MCQ 1.88 The line integral # V :dr of the vector V :(r) = 2xyzi + x2 zj + x2 yk from the
origin to the point P (1, 1, 1)
(A) is 1
(B) is zero
(C) is – 1
(D) cannot be determined without specifying the path
MCQ 1.89 Starting from x 0 = 1, one step of Newton-Raphson method in solving the
equation x3 + 3x − 7 = 0 gives the next value (x1) as
(A) x1 = 0.5 (B) x1 = 1.406
(C) x1 = 1.5 (D) x1 = 2
MCQ 1.90 A single die is thrown twice. What is the probability that the sum is neither
8 nor 9 ?
(A) 1/9 (B) 5/36
(C) 1/4 (D) 3/4
dy
MCQ 1.93 If x = a (θ + sin θ) and y = a (1 − cos θ), then will be equal to
dx
MCQ 1.96 From a pack of regular playing cards, two cards are drawn at random.
What is the probability that both cards will be Kings, if first card in NOT
replaced ?
(A) 1 (B) 1
26 52
(C) 1 (D) 1
169 221
0, for t < a
MCQ 1.97 A delayed unit step function is defined as U (t − a) = * Its Laplace
transform is 1 , for t $ a
−as
(A) ae−as (B) e
s
as as
(C) e (D) e
s a
x f (x)
0 1
1 2
2 1
3 10
Using Newton’s forward difference formula, the cubic polynomial that can
be fitted to the above data, is
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MCQ 1.100 For which value of x will the matrix given below become singular ?
R 8 x 0V
S W
= S 4 0 2W
SS12 6 0WW
(A) 4 T X (B) 6
(C) 8 (D) 12
(A) 0 (B) 3
(C) 1 (D) − 1
MCQ 1.102 The accuracy of Simpson’s rule quadrature for a step size h is
(A) O (h2) (B) O (h3)
(C) O (h 4) (D) O (h5)
4 1
For the matrix >
1 4H
MCQ 1.103 the eigen values are
(A) 3 and − 3 (B) − 3 and − 5
(C) 3 and 5 (D) 5 and 0
MCQ 1.105 The area enclosed between the parabola y = x2 and the straight line y = x is
(A) 1/8 (B) 1/6
(C) 1/3 (D) 1/2
dy
MCQ 1.106 The solution of the differential equation + y2 = 0 is
dx
(B) y = − x + c
3
(A) y = 1
x+c 3
(C) cex (D) unsolvable as equation is non-
linear
MCQ 1.107 The vector field is F = xi − yj (where i and j are unit vector) is
(A) divergence free, but not irrotational
(B) irrotational, but not divergence free
(C) divergence free and irrotational
(D) neither divergence free nor irrational
MCQ 1.109 A box contains 5 black and 5 red balls. Two balls are randomly picked one
after another form the box, without replacement. The probability for balls
being red is
(A) 1/90 (B) 1/2
(C) 19/90 (D) 2/9
MCQ 1.110 Two dice are thrown. What is the probability that the sum of the numbers
on the two dice is eight?
(A) 5 (B) 5
36 18
(C) 1 (D) 1
4 3
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MCQ 1.111 Which of the following functions is not differentiable in the domain [− 1, 1] ?
(A) f (x) = x2 (B) f (x) = x − 1
(C) f (x) = 2 (D) f (x) = maximum ( x, − x )
MCQ 1.115 Manish has to travel from A to D changing buses at stops B and C enroute.
The maximum waiting time at either stop can be 8 min each but any time
of waiting up to 8 min is equally, likely at both places. He can afford up
to 13 min of total waiting time if he is to arrive at D on time. What is the
probability that Manish will arrive late at D ?
(A) 8 (B) 13
13 64
(C) 119 (D) 9
128 128
MCQ 1.122 An unbiased coin is tossed three times. The probability that the head turns
up in exactly two cases is
(A) 1 (B) 1
9 8
(C) 2 (D) 3
3 8
**********
SOLUTION
X1 + X 2 = 0 & X1 =− X2
1
So eigen vector = * 4
−1
Magnitude of eigen vector = (1) 2 + (1) 2 = 2
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R 1 V
S W
S
Normalized eigen vector = S
2W
−1W
S W
2
T X
SOL 1.8 Option (D) is correct.
Given : No. of Red balls = 4
No. of Black ball = 6
3 balls are selected randomly one after another, without replacement.
1 red and 2 black balls are will be selected as following
= b lb dz l = 1
dy dy dy
So, we get
dx dz dx x dz
dy
x = Dy where d = D
dx dz
d 2y − 1 dy + 1 d dy dz
2 = dx b dx l = dx b x dz l = b l
Again d dy d 1 dy
dx x2 dz x dz dz dx
= −21 + 1 2 dz = 12 c 2 − m
dy d 2y d 2 y dy
x dz x dz dx x dz dz
x2 d 2 y
= (D2 − D) y = D (D − 1) y
dx2
Now substitute in equation (i)
[D (D − 1) + D − 4] y = 0
(D2 − 4) y = 0 & D = ! 2
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3 5 7
=*
f (x) is even
#−a f (x) dx
a
0
0 ; f (x) is odd
x f (x) = y = 1
x
x=1 y1 = 1 = 1
1
x=2 y2 = 1 = 0.5
2
x=3 y 3 = 1 = 0.333
3
2 2
= 1 − 15 = 31
2 32
2x1 + 2x2 = 0
x1 + x 2 = 0 ...(iv)
We see that the equation (iii) and (iv) is same and they will meet at infinite
points. Hence this system of equations have infinite number of solutions.
Given y = x and a = 1, b = 2
π ( x ) 2 dx = π # xdx = π :x D = π : 4 − 1 D = 3π
2 2 2 2
Therefore, V = #1 1 2 1 2 2 2
1 − 4i 1 − (− 4)
= − 5 + 10i =− 1 + 2i
5
z = (− 1) 2 + (2) 2 = 5 a + ib = a2 + b2
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f ^ 23 + h h − f ^ 23 h
and Rf l (x) = lim
h"0 h
3 ^ 23 + h h − 2 − 0
= lim = lim 2 + 3h − 2 = 3
h"0 h h"0 h
Since Lf lb 2 l ! Rf lb 2 l, f (x) is not differentiable at x = 2 .
3 3 3
2−1 2 x1 0 x1
> H>
1 3 − 1 x2H => H
0
where > H is eigen vector
x2
1 2 x1 0
>1 H>
2 x2H => H
0
x1 + 2x2 = 0 or x1 + 2x2 = 0
Let x2 = K
Then x1 + 2K = 0 & x1 =− 2K
So, the eigen vector is
− 2K −2
> K H or > 1H
2
Since option A> H is in the same ratio of x1 and x2 . Therefore option (A)
−1
is an eigen vector.
Total objects = 2 + 3 + 4 = 9
First two washers are drawn from the box which contain 9 items. So the
probability of drawing 2 washers is,
2
P1 = 9C2 == 1 = 7!2! = 2 = 1 n
Cn = 1
C2 9! 9 # 8 # 7! 9 # 8 36
7! 2!
After this box contains only 7 objects and then 3 nuts drawn from it. So the
probability of drawing 3 nuts from the remaining objects is,
3
P2 = 7C 3 = 1 = 4! 3! = 1
C3 7! 7 # 6 # 5 # 4! 35
4! 3!
After this box contain only 4 objects, probability of drawing 4 bolts from
the box,
4
P3 = 4C 4 = 1 = 1
C4 1
Therefore the required probability is,
P = P1 P2 P3 = 1 # 1 # 1 = 1
36 35 1260
6M @T = I
6M @
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6M @T 6M @ = I
Substitute the values of M and M T , we get
> H.>x
3 3 4
x 1 0
H = >0 1H
5 5 5
4 3 3
5 5 5
R 3 3 V
S b # 3 l + x2 b 5 # 5 l + 5 xW
3 4
S 5 5 W = >1 0H
Sb 5 5l 5 b 5 # 5 l + b 5 # 5 lW
S 4 # 3 + 3x 4 4 3 3 W 0 1
T X
25 + x 25 + 5 x
9 2 12 3
1 0
>12 + 3 x 1H =>
0 1H
25 5
Comparing both sides a12 element,
12 + 3 x = 0 " x =− 12 5 =− 4
25 5 25 # 3 5
H H H
H H T
H T H
T H H
H T T
T H T
T T H
T T T
From these cases we can see that out of total 8 cases 7 cases contain at least
one head. So, the probability of come at least one head is = 7
8
2u = y & 2v = y
2x 2y
2u = x & 2v =− x
2y 2x
Let v (x, y) be the conjugate function of u (x, y)
dv = 2v dx + 2v dy = (− x) dx + (y) dy
2x 2y
Integrating both the sides,
# dv =− # xdx + # ydy
2
y2
v =− x + + k = 1 (y2 − x2) + k
2 2 2
P =1 Q = x3
x
Its solution will be
y (I.F.) = # Q (I.F.) dx + C
# x1 dx
I.F. = e # Pdx = e = e log x = x
e
2 0 2 2 2
= b π + 1 l − b− 1 l = π + 1
2 2 2 2
The shaded area shows the common area. Now finding the intersection
points of the curves.
y2 = 4x = 4 4y = 8 y x= 4y From second curve
Squaring both sides
y 4 = 8 # 8 # y & y (y3 − 64) = 0
y =4 & 0
Similarly put y = 0 in curve x2 = 4y
x2 = 4 # 0 = 0 & x = 0
And Put y =4
x2 = 4 # 4 = 16 x = 4
So, x = 4, 0
Therefore the intersection points of the curves are (0, 0) and (4, 4).
So the enclosed area is given by
#x
x2
A= (y1 − y2) dx
1
0 4
x2
b 2 x − 4 l dx = 2 # x dx − 4
4 4 1 4
= #0 0
#0 x2 dx
Integrating the equation, we get
3 4
A = 2 :2 x3/2D − 1 :x D
4
3 0
4 3 0
3
= 4 # 43/2 − 1 # 4 = 4 # 8 − 16 = 16
3 4 3 3 3 3
/ xf (x) = a +2 b
b
Mean E (x) =
x=a
3 (b − a) 4 (b − a) 2
(b − a) (b2 + ab + a2) (b + a) 2 (b − a) 2
= −
3 (b − a) 4 (b − a) 2
4 (b2 + ab + a2) + 3 (a + b) 2 (b − a) 2
= =
12 12
(b − a) 2 (b − a)
Standard deviation = Variance = =
12 12
Given : b = 1, a = 0
So, standard deviation = 1 − 0 = 1
12 12
(x − a) (x − a) 2 (x − a) 3
f (x) = f (a) + f l (a) + f m (a) + f lll (a) + ....
1 2 3
f mm (a)
Then from this expansion the coefficient of (x − a) 4 is
4
Given a =2
f (x) = ex
f l (x) = ex
f m (x) = ex
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f n (x) = ex
f mm (x) = ex
2
Hence, for a = 2 the coefficient of (x − a) 4 is e
4
= e0 [A cos 3 t + B sin 3 t]
2 2
= 4#1 #1 = 1
8 2 4
x+y+z = 4
x + 2y − z = a
It is a set of non-homogenous equation, so the augmented matrix of this
system is
R V
S2 3 0 : 4W
6A : B@ = S1 1 1 : 4W
SS1 2 − 1 : aWW
TR X V
S2 3 0 : 4W
+ 0 −1 2 :
S 4W R 3 " R 3 + R2 , R2 " 2R2 − R1
SS2 3 0 : 4 + aWW
TR V X
S2 3 0 : 4W
+ S0 − 1 2 : 4W R 3 " R 3 − R1
SS0 0 0 : aWW
T X
So, for a unique solution of the system of equations, it must have the condition
ρ [A: B] = ρ [A]
So, when putting a = 0
We get ρ [A: B] = ρ [A]
Let I = #0 xe
3 −x
dx = x #e −x
dx − # :dxd (x) # e −x
dx D dx
0 0
3
= 6− xe @ + −x 3
0 #e −x
dx = 6− xe−x − e−x@3
0
= 6− e−x (x + 1)@3
0
0
=− [0 − 1] = 1
#0 1 −1 x dx =− #0 x −1 1 dx =−6log (x − 1)@10 −6log 0 − log (− 1)@
1 1
(D)
Both log 0 and log (–1) undefined so it is unbounded.
Then I = cos z dz
# cosz z dz = #
z−0
...(i)
Given that z = 1 for unit circle. From the Cauchy Integral formula
dx 3 2
dy
Substitute the limit x1 = 0 to x2 = 1 and in equation (ii), we get
dx
_ ( x ) 2 + 1 i dx =
1 1
L = #0 #0 x + 1 dx
1
= :2 (x + 1) 3/2D = 1.22
3 0
1 2 1 0
>0 2H − λ>
0 1H
=0
(1 − λ) 2
=0 ...(i)
0 (2 − λ)
(1 − λ) (2 − λ) = 0 & λ = 1 & 2
So, Eigen vector corresponding to the λ = 1 is,
0 2 1
>0 1H>a H = 0
2a + a = 0 & a = 0
Again for λ = 2
−1 2 1
> 0 0H>b H = 0
− 1 + 2b = 0 b=1
2
Then sum of a &b & a + b = 0 + 1 = 1
2 2
And y (0.5) = 0
# dy
y2
= # dx
−1 = x + C ...(i)
y
Given y (0) = 1 at x=0 &y=1
Put in equation (i) for the value of C
− 1 = 0 + C &C =− 1
1
From equation (i),
−1 = x − 1
y
y =− 1
x−1
For this value of y , x − 1 ! 0 or x ! 1
And x < 1 or x > 1
0 s
Interval h = 2π − 0 = π
8 4
2π
Find #0 sin xdx Here f (x) = sin x
Table for the interval of π/4 is as follows
Angle θ 0 π π 3π π 5π 3π 7π 2π
4 2 4 4 2 4
f (x) = sin x 0 0.707 1 0.707 0 − 0.707 − 1 − 0.707 0
= π #0 = 0
8
2 0 form
Let, f (x) = lim
x"0 x 3 0
e − (1 + x)
x
0 form
= lim
x"0 3x2 0
= lim e − 1
x
0 form
x " 0 6x 0
x 0
= lim e = e = 1
x"0 6 6 6
= # dx + C = x + C
y = x +x2 c ...(i)
e
Given y (0) = 1
At x =0 &y=1
Substitute in equation (i), we get
1 =C &C=1
1
y = x +x2 1 = (x + 1) e−x
2
Then
e
3 3 3
i i 3 3
= 1 ;1 + i 3 − 1E = 1 ;− 1 + 3 iE
i 2 2 i 2 2
= 1 # i ;− 1 + 3 iE =− i ;− 1 + 3 iE i2 =− 1
i i 2 2 2 2
= i ; 1 − 3 iE = 1 i − 3 i 2 = 3 + 1 i
2 2 2 2 2 2
d 2y dy
2 + 4 dx + 3y = 3e
2x
Given :
dx
[D2 + 4D + 3] y = 3e2x d =D
dx
The auxiliary Equation is,
m2 + 4m + 3 = 0 & m =− 1, − 3
Then C.F. = C1 e−x + C2 e−3x
2x
P.I. = 2 3e = 3e2x Put D = 2
D + 4D + 3 (D + 1) (D + 3)
= 3e2x 2x
= 3e = e
2x
(2 + 1) (2 + 3) 3 # 5 5
2 3 0 2 3 1
= :t + t D + :t − t D = :− 1 + 1 D + :1 − 1 D = 0
2 3 −1 2 3 0 2 3 2 3
And variance ^σ2h = #− 33 (t − t ) 2 f (t) dt t=0
0 1
= #−1 t2 (1 + t) dt + #0 t2 (1 − t) dt
0 1
= #−1 (t2 + t3) dt + #0 (t2 − t3) dt
3 4 0 3 4 1
= :t + t D + :t − t D
3 4 −1 3 4 0
=−:− 1 + 1 D + :1 − 1 − 0D = 1 + 1 = 1
3 4 3 4 12 12 6
Now, standard deviation
(σ2) s = 1 = 1
6 6
0 0
A − λI = 0
5−λ 0 0 0
0 5−λ 0 0
A= =0
0 0 2−λ 1
0 0 3 1−λ
Solving this, we get
(5 − λ) (5 − λ) [(2 − λ) (1 − λ) − 3] = 0
(5 − λ) 2 [2 − 3λ + λ2 − 3] = 0
(5 − λ) 2 (λ2 − 3λ − 1) = 0
So, (5 − λ) 2 = 0 & λ = 5 , 5 and λ2 − 3λ − 1 = 0
− (− 3) ! 9 + 4
λ = = 3 + 13 , 3 − 13
2 2 2
The eigen values are λ = 5 , 5, 3 + 13 , 3 − 13
2 2
R V
Sx1W
Sx2W
Let X1 = S W
Sx 3W
Sx 4W
T X
be the eigen vector for the eigen value λ = 5
Then, (A − λI ) X1 = 0
(A − 5I ) X1 = 0
R VR V
S0 0 0 0WSx1W
S0 0 0 0WSx2W
S0 =0
S 0 − 3 1WWSSx 3WW
S0 0 3 − 4WSx 4W
T XT X
or − 3x 3 + x 4 = 0
3x 3 − 4x 4 = 0
This implies that x 3 = 0 , x 4 = 0
Let x1 = k1 and x2 = k2
R V
Sk1W
Sk2W
So, eigen vector, X1 = S W where k1 , k2 ε R
S0W
S0W
T X
SOL 1.84 Option (C) is correct.
Given : x+y = 2 ...(i)
1.01x + 0.99y = b , db = 1 unit ...(ii)
We have to find the change in x in the solution of the system. So reduce y
Finding the relation between the volume and Height of the cone
From ΔOBD , OB 2 = OD 2 + BD 2
1 = (H − 1) 2 + R2 = H 2 + 1 − 2H + R2
R2 + H 2 − 2H = 0
R2 = 2H − H 2 ...(i)
Volume of the cone, V = 1 πR 2 H
3
2
Substitute the value of R from equation (i), we get
V = 1 π (2H − H 2) H = 1 π (2H 2 − H 3)
3 3
Differentiate V w.r.t to H
dV = 1 π [4H − 3H 2]
dH 3
At H = 4 , d 2 V = 1 π 4 − 6 4 = 1 π [4 − 8] =− 4 π < 0 (Maxima)
3 dH 2 3 : # 3D 3 3
2
And at H = 0 , d V2 = 1 π [4 − 0] = 4 π > 0 (Minima)
dH 3 3
So, for the largest volume of cone, the value of H should be 4/3
e2 lnx = e lnx = x2
2
Let, I = # ln x # x1 dx ...(ii)
(I) (II)
= ln x # 1 dx −
x # &dx
d (ln x)
# # x dx 0 dx
1
= 1−0 = 1
m2 + 4m + 4 = 0 & m =− 2, − 2
Here the roots of auxiliary equation are same then the solution is
Let c1 = 0
y = (c1 + c2 x) emx = xe−2x e o
c2 = 1
SOL 1.93 Option (C) is correct.
Given : x = a (θ + sin θ), y = a (1 − cos θ)
First differentiate x w.r.t. θ,
dx = a [1 + cos θ]
dθ
And differentiate y w.r.t. θ
dy
= a [0 − (− sin θ)] = a sin θ
dθ
We know,
dy
=
dy dθ = dy/dθ
dx dθ # dx dx/dθ
dy
Substitute the values of and dx
dθ dθ
dy 1 sin θ 2 sin θ cos θ
= a sin θ # = = 2 2
dx a [1 + cos θ] 1 + cos θ 2 cos 2θ
θ 2
sin
= 2 = tan θ cos θ + 1 = 2 cos2 θ
cos θ 2 2
2
SOL 1.94 Option (C) is correct.
Given : P (0.866, 0.500, 0), so we can write
P = 0.866i + 0.5j + 0k
Q = (0.259, 0.966, 0), so we can write
Q = 0.259i + 0.966j + 0k
For the coplanar vectors
P : Q = P Q cos θ
P:Q
cos θ =
P Q
P : Q = (0.866i + 0.5j + 0k) : (0.259i + 0.966j + 0k)
= 0.866 # 0.259 + 0.5 # 0.966
R1 2 3V
S W
Let A = S1 5 1W
SS3 1 1WW
T X
We know that the sum of the eigen value of a matrix is equal to the sum of
the diagonal elements of the matrix
So, the sum of eigen values is,
1+5+1 = 7
Take x 0 = 0 and h = 1
Then P = x − x0 = x
h
= (1) 2 # 0 = 0
Alternative :
2
Let f (x) = lim sin x 0
: 0 formD
x"0 x
f (x) = lim 2 sin x cos x Apply L-Hospital rule
x"0 1
= lim sin 2x = sin 0 = 0
x"0 1 1
4−λ 1
=0
1 4−λ
(4 − λ) (4 − λ) − 1 = 0
(4 − λ) 2 − 1 = 0
λ2 − 8λ + 15 = 0
Solving above equation, we get
λ = 5, 3
R1 2 1V R6V
S W S W
A = S2 1 2W, B = S6W
SS1 1 1WW SS5WW
T X T X
Write the system of simultaneous equations in the form of Augmented
matrix,
R1 2 1 : 6V
S W
6A: B@ = S2 1 2 : 6W R2 " R2 − 2R1 and R 3 " 2R 3 − R2
SS1 1 1 : 5WW
TR1 2 1 : X6V
S W
+ S0 − 3 0 : − 6W R 3 " 3R 3 + R2
SS0 1 0 : 4WW
RT1 2 1 : 6VX
S W
+ S0 − 3 0 : − 6W
SS0 0 0 : 6WW
T X
It is a echelon form of matrix.
Since ρ 6A@ = 2 and ρ 5A: B? = 3
ρ [A] ! ρ [A: B ]
So, the system has no solution and system is inconsistent.
A= # # dydx = # dx # dy = # dx6y @
x2
x
x=0 y=x x=0 y=x x=0
x=1
3 2 1
= # (x 2
− x) = :x − x D = 1 − 1 =− 1 = 1 unit2
3 2 0 3 2 6 6
x=0
Area is never negative
iωt −iωt
sin ωt = e − e = 1 # (e−st eiωt − e−st e−iωt) dt
3
2i 2i 0
= 1 # 6e(− s + iω) t − e− (s + iω) t@ dt
3
2i 0
Integrating above equation, we get
(− s + iω) t − (s + iω) t 3
sin ωt = 1 = e − e
2i − s + iω − (s + iω)G
0
(− s + iω) t − (s + iω) t 3
= 1 =e +e
2i − s + iω (s + iω)G
0
Substitute the limits, we get
−0
sin ωt = 1 =0 + 0 − e e0
(− s + iω) s + iω oG
+ e
2i
=− 1 ; s + iω + iω − s E
2i (− s + iω) (s + iω)
=− 1 # 2iω = −ω = 2ω 2
2i (iω) 2 − s 2 − ω2 − s 2 ω +s
Alternative :
From the definition of Laplace transformation
L [F (t)] = #0 3e−st sin ωtdt
eat a sin bt − b cos bt a =− s and
We know # eat sin btdt = 26 @ e o
a +b 2
b=ω
−st 3
Then, L [sin ωt] = ; 2e 2 ^− s sin ωt − ω cos ωt hE
s +ω 0
−3 −0
=; 2 e (− s sin 3 − ω cos 3)E − ; 2 e (− s sin 0 − ω cos 0)E
s + ω2 s + ω2
= 0 − 2 1 2 [0 − ω] =− 2 1 2 (− ω)
s +ω s +ω
L [sin ωt] = 2 ω 2
s +ω
Alternate Method :
Given : Black balls = 5 ,
Red balls = 5
Total balls = 10
The probability of drawing a red bell,
P1 = 5 = 1
10 2
If ball is not replaced, then box contains 9 balls.
So, probability of drawing the next red ball from the box.
P2 = 4
9
Hence, probability for both the balls being red is,
P = P1 # P2 = 1 # 4 = 2
2 9 9
−x x #− 1
f (x) = * 0 x=0
x x$1
It clearly shows that f (x) is differential at x =− 1, x = 0 and x = 1,
i.e. in the domain [− 1, 1].
So, (a), (b) and (c) are differential and f (x) is maximum at (x, − x).
and Y , then the dots of the scatter diagram will be concentrated round a
curve. This curve is called the curve of regression.
Regression analysis is used for estimating the unknown values of one variable
corresponding to the known value of another variable.
and d= 2 i+ 2 j+ 2 k
2x 2y 2z
So, d:r = c 2 i + 2 j + 2 k m:(xi + yj + zk)
2x 2y 2z
d:r = 1 + 1 + 1 = 3
x if x > 0
f (x) = * 0 if x = 0
−x if x < 0
f (0 − h) − f (0) − (− h)
Lf l (x) = lim = lim − 0 =− 1
h"0 −h h"0 −h
f (0 + h) − f (0)
Rf l (x) = lim = lim h − 0 = 1
h"0 h h"0 h
Since Lfl (0) ! Rf l (0)
So, derivative of f (x) at x = 0 does not exist.
ρ 6C @ = 1
From these cases, there are three cases, when head comes exactly two times.
So, the probability of getting head exactly two times, when coin is tossed 3
times is,
P = 3C2 (p) 2 (q) 1 = 3 # b 1 l # 1 = 3
2
2 2 8
**********