Perhitungan dan Persamaan Reaksi

1. Perhitungan
a. Pembuatan Larutan b. Pembuatan Larutan Standar
1. HNO3 6 M Sebanyak 100 mL dari 63% 1. 0.1 gram CuSO4. 5 H2O
𝑎 × 𝜌 ×10 63×1,51𝑔/𝑚𝐿×10 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠𝑎 1000
M= = = 15,1 M M= ₓ
𝑀𝑟 63,02 𝑔/𝑚𝐿 𝑀𝑟 𝑣
0.1 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑚 1000
V1M1=V2M2 M = 249.6850 𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙 ₓ 10𝑚𝑙
V1 × 15.1 M = 100 mL× 6 M M = 0.04005 M
V1 = 39,73 mL 2. 0.2 gram CuSO4. 5 H2O
2. HCl 0.5 M sebanyak 250 mL dari 36% 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠𝑎 1000
M= ₓ
𝑎 × 𝜌 ×10 36 × 1.19 𝑔/𝑚𝐿 ×10 𝑀𝑟 𝑣
M= = = 11.7369 0.2 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑚 1000
𝑀𝑟 36,5𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙
M = 249.6850 𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙 ₓ 10𝑚𝑙
M
M = 0.0801 M
V1 × M1 = V2 × M2
3. 0.3 gram CuSO4. 5 H2O
V1 × 11.7369 M = 250 mL × 0.5 M
𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠𝑎 1000
M= ₓ
V1 = 10.65 mL 𝑀𝑟 𝑣
0.3 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑚 1000
3. NaOH 0,5 M 100 mL M = 249.6850 𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙 ₓ 10𝑚𝑙
𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠𝑎 1000
M= ₓ M = 0.1201 M
𝑀𝑟 𝑣
0,5 𝑀× 40𝑔/𝑚𝐿×10𝑚𝐿 4. 0.4 gram CuSO4. 5 H2O
Massa = = 2 gram
1000
𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠𝑎 1000
4. Campuran etanol+ NH3 (1:1) M= ₓ
𝑀𝑟 𝑣
1 0.4 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑚 1000
Vetanol= 2 × 150 𝑚𝐿 = 75 mL M = 249.6850 𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙 ₓ 10𝑚𝑙
1 M = 0.1602 M
Vamoniak= 2 × 150 𝑚𝐿 = 75 mL
5. 0.5 gram CuSO4. 5 H2O
5. Pb-asetat 1M 50 mL
𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠𝑎 1000
𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠𝑎 1000 M= ₓ
M= ₓ 𝑀𝑟 𝑣
𝑀𝑟 𝑣
0.5 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑚 1000
1 𝑀× 379,36 𝑔/𝑚𝐿×50𝑚𝐿 M = 249.6850 𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙 ₓ 10𝑚𝑙
Massa = = 18,968 gram
1000

6. HNO3 100 mL M = 0.2002 M

V1 × M1 = V2 × M2 6. 0.6 gram CuSO4. 5 H2O

𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠𝑎 1000
V1 × 6 M = 100 mL × 1 M M= ₓ
𝑀𝑟 𝑣

V1 = 16,67 mL 0.6 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑚 1000

M = 249.6850 𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙 ₓ 10𝑚𝑙
 M = 0.2403 M
Grafik Konsentrasi Larutan Standar
terhadap Absorbansi
Konsentrasi Absorbansi
(M) (Å)

0,04005 0,087
0,0801 0,181
0,1201 0,288
0,1602 0,410
0,2002 0,510
0,2403 0,595

c. Grafik Konsentrasi Larutan Standar terhadap Absorbansi

Grafik Konsentrasi Larutan Standar Cu

terhadap Absorbansi
0.7
0.595
0.6 0.51
y = 2.6034x - 0.0197
0.5 0.41
Absorbansi

R² = 0.9977
0.4
0.288
0.3
0.181
0.2
0.087
0.1
0
0 0.1 0.2 0.3
Konsentrasi

d. Penentuan mol Cu dari grafik

y = mx +c
= 2,6034x + 0,0197
𝑦–𝑐
x = 𝑚
𝑦−0,0197 0,466−0,0197
[Cu] = = = 0,171 M
2,6034 2,6034

mol Cu = 0,171 M × 0,01 L

= 1,72×10-3 mol x 2
 = 3,43x10-3 mol
e. Penentuan Konsentrasi HCl dari Standarisasi HCl
V HCl × M HCl = V NaOH × M NaOH
𝑉 𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻 ×𝑀 𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻
M HCl = 𝑉 𝐻𝐶𝑙
10 𝑚𝐿 ×0,5𝑀
M HCl = = 0,46 M
10,85 𝑚𝐿

f. Penentuan Konsentrasi Cu dari Titrasi Cu oleh Pb-Asetat

Dik. [Pb-Asetat] =1M
V titrasi = 0,7 mL = 7× 10-4 L
Dit = mol SO42-?
Jawab:
mol SO42- =M×V
= 1 M × 7x10-4 L
= 0,7× 10-3mol
g. Penentuan Konsentrasi Kompleks Cu dengan HCl
Dik. [HCl] = 0,46 M
V titrasi = 22,6 mL = 0,0226 L
Dit = mol NH3?
Jawab:
mol NH3 =M×V
= 0,46 M × 0,0226 L
= 0,0104 mol
h. Perbandingan mol (n Cu : n NH3: n SO4) x,y,z
3,42x10-3: 0,0104: 0,7× 10-3
4: 14: 1
[Cux(NH3)y](SO4)z
Maka rumus molekul kompleks Cu adalah
[Cu4(NH3)14](SO4)
i. Kadar Cu atau persen rendemen
1. Massa teoritis
𝑀𝑟[𝐶𝑢4(𝑁𝐻3)14](𝑆𝑂4)
Massa teoritis= × 𝑊𝑠𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑒𝑙
𝑀𝑟 𝐶𝑢𝑆𝑂4.5𝐻2𝑂
 588 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑚/𝑚𝑜𝑙
Massa teoritis= 249,70 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑚/𝑚𝑜𝑙 × 10,0011 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑚

Massa teoritis= 23.5508 gram

2. Rendemen
𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠𝑎 ℎ𝑎𝑠𝑖𝑙 𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑜𝑏𝑎𝑎𝑛
Rendemen = × 100%
𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠𝑎 𝑡𝑒𝑜𝑟𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑠
13,4801 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑚
Rendemen = × 100%
23.5508 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑚

= 57,2384 %
3. Kadar Cu
Massa Cu teoritis = 3,43x10-3 mol × 323.7856 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑚/𝑚𝑜𝑙 = 1,1106 gram
𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠𝑎 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑠
Kadar % Cu= × 100%
𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠𝑎 𝑡𝑒𝑜𝑟𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑠
1,1106 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑚
Kadar % Cu= × 100% = 8.8989%
12,4801 gram

j. Perhitungan Kadar Besi Askorbat (teoritis)

𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠𝑎 1,5001 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑚
n C6H8O6 = = 176.12 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑚/𝑚𝑜𝑙 = 8,5175x10-3 mol
𝑀𝑟
𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠𝑎 1.1001 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑚
n FeSO4. 7H2O = = 278.02 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑚/𝑚𝑜𝑙 = 3,9569x10-3 mol
𝑀𝑟

2C6H8O6(aq) + FeSO4(aq) → [Fe(C5H8O6)2](s) +H2SO4(aq)

m: 8,5175x10-3 3,9569x10-3 - -
r: 3,9569x10-3 3,9569x10-3 3,9569x10-3 3,9569x10-3
s: 4,5606x10-3 - 3,9569x10-3 3,9569x10-3

Massa besi-askorbat = 3,9569x10-3 mol × 383.847 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑚/𝑚𝑜𝑙 = 1.5188 gram

𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠𝑎 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑠
Kadar besi-askorbat % = × 100%
𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠𝑎 𝑡𝑒𝑜𝑟𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑠
1,0719 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑚
Kadar besi-askorbat % = × 100% = 70,5755%
1.5188 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑚
1. Persamaan reaksi
 Sintesis komppleks tembaga
CuSO4(aq) + 2NH4OH(aq) → Cu(OH)2(s) + (NH4)2SO4(aq)
Cu(OH)2(s) + CH3CH2OH(aq) → Cu(OH)2(s) + CH3CH2OH(aq)
[Cu(NH3)4](SO4)2(aq) + 2NH4OH(aq) → [Cu(NH3)4](SO4)2 .H2O(aq)
 Titrasi Pb(NO3)2
[Cu(NH3)4](SO4)2(aq) + HNO3(aq) → [Cu(NH3)4](NO3)2 (aq) + H2SO4(aq)
H2SO4(aq)+ Pb(NO3)2(aq) → PbSO4 (aq) + 2HNO3(aq)
 Titrasi dengan HCl
[Cu(NH3)4](SO4)2 .H2O(s) + H2O (l) → CuSO4(aq) + 4NH3(aq) + H2O (aq)
CuSO4(aq) + HCl (aq) → CuCl2(aq) + H2SO4(aq)
 Sintesis karat logam
C6H8O6(aq) + 3CH3CH2OH(aq) → C3H5O(OH)3(aq) + 3CH3CH2 (COOH)(aq)
3C3H5O(OH)3(aq) + Fe3+(aq) → [Fe(C3H5O)3](aq) + 9 OH-(aq)
 Sintesis besi-askorbat
2C6H8O6(aq) + FeSO4(aq) → [Fe(C5H8O6)2](s) + H2SO4(aq)