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ABSTRACT
Nagarjuna (C.150 - C.250) is considered to be one of motionless in himself apart from the motion, as it is a
the most famous thinkers of Indian Mahayana contradiction to say a mover without motion. It is also
Buddhism, specially, in the Tibetan tradition and impossible to say that it has a motion other than the
referred to as 'The Second Buddha'. Nagarjuna motion which inheres in it, because it implies two
categorically repudiates the reality of motion as well motions, for it is a mover that moves. Therefore, it is
as rest. He is known as the founder of the difficult to explain whether the mover can be
Madhyamika school of Buddhist thought, the school understood with or without the motion. But without
of the middle way. The middle way avoids both the motion our usual life would be stopped. Sun, moon,
extremes of eternalism as well as of nihilism. The stars, planets and other stars cannot move without
main theory of Madhyamika is the doctrine of motion. If motion is not accepted then astronomy
'emptiness' or ‘sunyata’ which shows that all would be in vein. Even we cannot speak and write
phenomena lack a permanent, unchanging and without the movement of our vocabulary organs and
independent self-existence.
existence. Phenomena possess a that of fingers respectively. So, the existence of
conventional existence in which they appear to have a motion has to accept in usual life, in scientific
self-nature, although
hough in reality they do not. This research and in all otherr aspects of life.
teaching is also found in the Four Noble Truths of
Buddha. Just like all other Hindu philosophical INTRODUCTION
schools, according to Buddha too, all sentient beings According to Nāgārjuna, it is impossible to give an
live in an infinite cycle of suffering which is caused intelligible account of motion, because to do so, is an
by their ignorance
rance concerning the true nature of attempt to make an analysis designed to cope with a
phenomena. Beings do not realize the emptiness both certain limited practical problem apply far beyond its
of things as well as of mental phenomena and adopt sphere of competence. Motion cannot be
attitudes of like and dislike, which creates the process comprehended as identical with the mover for the
of suffering. But it can be stopped if the appearance of mover and its activity (motion) cannot be
phenomena
nomena and their true nature is realized. In distinguished then. If we have the conception of an
'Mulamadhyamakakarika', Nagarjuna tries to provide inherent identity of the agent and its activity, the agent
a philosophical rationale for the notion of 'emptiness', cannot really change its activity. A mover is identified
which is the key term in the 'Prajñaparamita Sutras', with reference to motion and therefore, it would be a
the earlier Mahayana literature. For Nagarjuna, contradiction to say motion with mover. Again,
Motion
otion cannot be comprehended as identical with the ‘motion without mover’ also, is not accepted, if it is
mover for the mover and its activity (motion) cannot accepted, then, motion would be absolutely different
be distinguished then. If we have the conception of an from the mover. He argues that hat the mover cannot be
inherent identity of the agent and its activity, the agent motionless in himself apart from the motion, as it is a
cannot really change its activity. A mover
over is identified contradiction to say a mover without motion. It is also
with reference to motion and therefore, it would be a impossible to say that it has a motion other than the
contradiction to say motion with mover. Again, motion which inheres in it, because it implies two
‘motion without mover’ also, is not accepted, if it is motions, for it is a mover that moves. Therefore, it is
accepted, then, motion would be absolutely different difficult to explain whether the mover can be
from the mover. He argues that at the mover cannot be understood with or without the motion.