VIKRAM KApse ! Process ‘Equipment Design M V Joshi© MV Joshi, 1976 ‘All rights reserved. No patt of this publication may be reproduced or ‘transmitted, in any form or by any means, without permission. First published 1976 by ‘The Macmillan Company of fadia Limited Delhi Bombay Calcutta Madras Associated companies throughout the world + SBN 33390 107 ‘This book has been under the Indo-American Textbook Programme ‘operated by the National Book Trust, India Published by S G Wasani for The Macmillan ‘Company of India Limited and printed at Rakesh Press, Naraina Industrial Area, New Delhi. Preface | ‘There are at present only a few books available on the subject of Process Equipment Design. The scope of these books is csentially limited to design of pressure vessels componeats and Some machine elements. However, ifthe subject is to be made fuffiontly comprehensive, much more emphasis is needed on design and construction features of different items of equip- tment. The present book is an attempt to fill this gap. Ttis Capested to satisfy the long felt need for a more compre- hensive book which sets out to embrace a wider Held, viz, application of fundamental principles of machine design to Specific items of equipment and eluborate details of construc- lon illustrated through sketches aud drawings. The book is intended both for under-graduate students in Chemical Engi- esting and for practising engineers in chemical industry. It fs the outcome of experience gained by the author in elass- rooms and industry. ‘Chemical industries invoWe problems in process design, unit operations, equipment design and overall plant design. In ajesign of a chemical plant these problems cannot be segrega- acre omever, inspite of their interdependence, these prob- ems may be advantageously segregated for study and development because of different principles involved in cach. Provess problems are. primarily physico-cheihical in nature. Unit operation problems are for most part physical, while cuipurent design problems are to a large extent. mechanical, ‘The fundamentals and theory of chemical engineering process design and unit operations are well covered in a number of peoks and handbooks. Overall sizing of equipment and its Components is no doubt determined by the above considera- ions, Equipment design is therefore essentially limited to Mechanica) sapects of design and construction features of ‘process equipment.vi The first few chapters are devoted to a. review of materials of construction, corrosion and protective coatings, stresses arising out of different loading conditions and factors which influence design. An outline of the design features of some ‘machine elements, which form a part of chemical equipment, is presented in Chapter 5. Chemical equipment may be lassified on the basis of certain common features with some. what similar design procedures. Such classification leads to three groups, namely, pressure vessel group, structural group and rotational motion group. - Chapters 6 to 16 deal with design and construction features of equipment from these three Stoups. Hazards and methods of protection relevant te equipment design are briefly discussed in Chapter 17, Use of computers in a design organisation is becoming an economi. cal advantage, Fundamentals of the application of computers in design problems are presented in the last chapter, Numer cal problems have been incorporated to illustrate the appl tion of equations. At the end of each chapter references have been cited to enable the reader to locate the sources of infor mation. ‘The method of presentation is. particularly. suited to direct solutions of design problems. The theoretical develop. meat of equation is excluded. Details of constructions) features are described and illustrated by a large number of sketches and drawings. In view of the variety of equipment used in the chemical jadustry and its continuous development, it is dificult o state 3uHt what topics should be included in'a book ofthis seope, ie Held is vast and ever-expanding. Iti virtually impossible for one individual to be familiar with all the facets, It was therefore necessary to omit certain categories of equipment ‘The decision to include or omit is somewhat arbitrary based on Practical considerations of time space and personal experience However, an attempt has been made to include the important items of equipment. Pet eee Acknowledgements The author wishes to acknowledge with sincere appreciation the encouragement received from Prof. N.R. Kamath and assistance given by friends and colleagues in particular Mr. C.S. Raje, Mr. R.S. Barve, Dr. A'S. Dighe, Mr DK. Korgonkar, Mr. L.Y. Dixit and Mr. V.V. Mahajani, Thanks are due to Mr. D.V, Tamhankar who helped the author ia checking the manuscript and press proofs and also to Messe N.C. Lad, ALN. Joshi and S.R. Kadam who prepared the sketches and drawings. Special thanks are due ‘to Mr. KB. Patil who typed the manuscript. ‘The author is particularly grateful to National Book Trust for granting financial subsidy, which helped a great deal ‘ht the publication of this book. Tn the preparation of this book, information has been obtained from various sources such as text books, hand books, journals and catalogues. Indebtedness to these sources iy freely acknowledged. Particular mention may be made of the following books whose publishers have permitted incorporas tion of figures, tables, etc. 1. Unit Operations by G.G. Brown, John Wiley & Sons, Figs. 264, 268 and 270, 2 Process Equipment Design by LE. Brownell and E:Ht. Young ; John Wiley & Sons, Figs, 10.5, 11.19 and 11.20. 3. Pressure Vessel Engineering Technology by R. W. ichols ; Applied Science Publishers Ltd., Tables 5 2a, $.2b, 5.84 and 5.5b. 4. Pressure Vessel Design and Analysis by MLB. Bickell and C. Ruiz ; Macmillan and Co. Ltd., (London) Equations. 153 and 15.4; Figs. 15.1 and 15.2: Table Ll.