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History of Tanganyika and Zanzibar Union

Tanganyika originally consisted of German East Africa, which was taken by the British after World War I. It became independent in 1961 through the Tanganyika Independence Act, which transformed it from a UN trust territory to a sovereign state. Tanganyika was initially a constitutional monarchy still connected to the British crown. However, in 1962 it abolished the monarchy and became a presidential republic within the Commonwealth, with Julius Nyerere as its first president. In 1964, Tanganyika united with Zanzibar to form the nation of Tanzania.

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65 views1 page

History of Tanganyika and Zanzibar Union

Tanganyika originally consisted of German East Africa, which was taken by the British after World War I. It became independent in 1961 through the Tanganyika Independence Act, which transformed it from a UN trust territory to a sovereign state. Tanganyika was initially a constitutional monarchy still connected to the British crown. However, in 1962 it abolished the monarchy and became a presidential republic within the Commonwealth, with Julius Nyerere as its first president. In 1964, Tanganyika united with Zanzibar to form the nation of Tanzania.

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History

Main article: History of Tanzania

Tanganyika originally consisted of the Tanganyika Territory, the British share of German East
Africa, which the British took under a League of Nations Mandate in 1922, and which was later
transformed into a United Nations Trust Territory after World War II. The other parts of German
East Africa were taken into Belgian trusteeship, eventually becoming present-day Rwanda and
Burundi.

The Tanganyika Independence Act 1961 transformed the United Nations trust territory into the
independent sovereign state of Tanganyika. The British monarch Elizabeth II remained head of
state as Queen of Tanganyika and Tanganyika shared the Sovereign with the other
Commonwealth realms. The monarch's constitutional roles were mostly delegated to the
Governor-General of Tanganyika. The royal succession was governed by the English Act of
Settlement of 1701.

Tanganyika adopted a new constitution in 1962 that abolished the monarchy, with the Tanzanian
Parliament (the majority of whom were members of the Tanganyika African National Union
Party) drastically revising the new Constitution to favor a strong executive branch of
government, namely a president.[2] Tanganyika then became a republic within the
Commonwealth, with Julius Nyerere as President of Tanganyika. After the Union of Zanzibar
and Tanganyika, an interim Constitution amended from the 1962 Constitution became the
governing document. Although meant to be temporary, the Constitutions remained effective until
1977.[2]

The unification of Tanganyika and Zanzibar in 1964 followed Nyerere's principle of Ujamaa
which entailed a strong "territorial nationalism."[3]

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