3.2. Air flows steadily along a streamline from point (1) to point (2) with negligible viscous effects. The following conditions are mes- sured: At point (1) z; = 2m and p, = 0 kPa; at point (2) z, = 10 1m, p; = 20 Nim? and V, = 0, Determine the velocity at point (1). arto +z, “fe +40, 82, Thus with f= 0 and V0, tow az, =p, 40%, =? Eua98gyy = 20d fins ghee oman) | air “Ve 2020) Nim j rEg 4209818) (9m) = 1092 (Wate: Thos, V=3.7m&3.3 3.3 Water flows steadily through the vari- able area horizontal pipe shown in Fig. P3.3. The velocity is given by V = 10(1 ~ x)i ft/s, where xis in feet. Viscous effects are neglected. (a) De- termine the pressure gradient, dp/ax, (as a func- tion of x) needed to produce this flow. (b) If the Pressure at section (1) is 50 psi, determine the ‘pressure at (2) by: (i) integration of the pressure gradient obtained in (a); (ii) application of the FIGURE P3.3 Bernoulli equation, (a) -%sine-3€ = eve bet OO and V=10(/ 4x) fh/s = a or # = -evit = -@ (Jol1+x)) (0) - $e = -1.94 bE (10 #)" (14x) , with X in feet = a 194C1tX) By (bx) B= -/94 (14x) 50 that i = ~/98 {nde a ssopsi Xx co or f= sopsi— 194 (a4Z ) ie (Hee = 50 -/0.1 = Ui) ptteMrayz, =p thou or with 2-2, 027 0,42 0(V-*) where Oe Vy = 10 (143) = vot Thus, : i P= S0psi + £ (1.94 85) (0 go) EE ( LE3.4 Repeat Problem 3.3 ifthe pipe is vertical with the flow down, | (a) -Wsino -3@ = eV With 0 = - 90° and V=10 HH =-pVEL HY or Pe =-evdl +r =-e(iolien) (in) +0 Thus, 2B 2-194 He 10#) (14) + 62.4 by with x in feet = ~/9# (IX) + 62.4 2, Xa=3 (bt) = -194 (14x) +824 0 that ($ = ffoucvin +62.4] de Arse X20 on p= Sopsi -194 (3+), (iti) + cancop. (HE) = 50-/0.1+/.3 = 412 pst Gi) ag they, + tz, = Pt tperrte or with 220, 2-3 tt and Y= s0llt0) =f? | Ke lolita) -K0 Pxfi tbe Uru) ~ tz, = Sopsi tt (1.9% 248 )(10*-40*) ~ 62.4 fa(-3 ft) = psr