HIGH VOLTAGE Me meu a i TRANSMISSION vem TCC Jos ArrillagaPublished by: The Institution of Electrical Engineers, London, United Kingdom © 1998: The Institution of Electrical Engineers This publication is copyright under the Berne Convention and the Universal Copyright Convention. All rights reserved. Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes of research or private study, or criticism or review, as permitted under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act, 1988, this publication may be reproduced, stored or transmitted, in any forms or by any means, only with the prior permission in writing of the publishers, or in the case of reprographic reproduction in accordance with the terms. of licences issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency. Inquiries concerning reproduction outside those terms should be sent to the publishers at the undermentioned address: ‘The Institution of Electrical Engineers, Michael Faraday House, Six Hills Way, Stevenage, Herts. SG1 2AY, United Kingdom While the author and the publishers believe that the information and guidance given in this work is correct, all parties must rely upon their own skill and judgment when making use of it. Neither the author nor the publishers assume any liability to anyone for any loss or damage caused by any error or omission in the work, whether such error or omission is the result of negligence or any other cause. Any and all such liability is disclaimed. ‘The moral right of the author to be identified as author of this work has been asserted by him/her in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data ACIP catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library ISBN 0 85296 941 4 Printed in England by Short Run Press Ltd., ExeterContents 1_Introduction Historical background The mercury-arc valve 1 2 .3__ The silicon controlled rectifier (thyristor) 4 Future switching trends 1.5 The HVDC claim: 1.6 The advent of a FACTS technology L7_ References 2 Static power conversion 21 Inoduetion 2.2 Basic conversion principle 10 2.3 Selection of converter configuration 13 2.4 The ideal commutation process 13 2.4.1 Effect of gate control 14 2.4.2 Valve current and voltage waveforms VW 2.5 The real commutation process 18 18 2.5.1 Commutating voltage 2.5.2 Commutation reactance ND 2.5.3 Analysis of the commutation circuit 23 2.6 Rectifier operation 24 2.6.1 Mean direct voltage 26 2.6.2 AC current 27 2.7. Inverter operation 27 2.8 Power factor and reactive power 28 2.9 Maximum available power 32 2.10 Characteristic converter harmonics 33 2.11 Noncharacteristic harmonics 39 2.11.1 Harmonic crossmodulation 42