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    SeismicBehaviour Design&DetailingofShearWalls-II PDF

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    Heaven Singh

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 7
    Seismic behaviour, design and detailing of RC shear walls, Part Il : Design and detailing M.S. Medhekar and Sudhir K. Jain Shear walls are one of the excellent means for providing earthquake resistance to multst inforced concrete (RC) buildings. Part If the paper published in July 1993 issue of the Journal dealt with their behaviour and strength charac- teristics. This part deals with specifications for the design and detailing of ductile art int shear walls 1S:456- 1978 and IS:4326-1976 do not give specifications forthe same. A detailed commentary is included to explain the basis ofthese specifications. A worked out example on shear wall design is «also given, ‘Shear walls are very effective in providing lateral load resis tance in multistoreyed buildings. They used to be considered as brittle structural elements. However, extensive experimen- tation has shown that they can be made to behave ina ductile ‘manner by adopting proper detailing techniques. Good de- tailing endeavours to suppress the brittle failure modes; it enables the wall to dissipate seismic energy in the flexure ‘mode ina stable manner. IS:456-1978 incorporates some pro- visions for the design of reinforced concrete walls. However, these provisions are inadequate for designing walls to resist ‘earthquake induced forces. 15:4326-1976 does not have any Provisions for detailing of shear walls”. Building design codes “Manoj: Medhekar, Graduate Student, Departmen of Cv Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberia, Canada; Formerly Senior Project, ‘Associate, Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Insitute of Technolgy, Kanpur. De Sudhie K Jain, Associate Profesor, Department of Civil Engineering, Indlan nett of Technology, Kanpu-208 016, used in theUS.A™, Canadat and New Zealand’ have design provisions for carthquake-resistant shear walls. However, these codes use a different design philosophy and hence cannot be directly adopted for use in Inia, Part ofthis paper described the behaviour and strength characteristics of shear walls. Ths part gives recommenda tions for design and detailing of earthquake-resistant shear walls. An extensive study of seismic design codes used else- whore was carried out prior to framing these provisions. The recommendations given herein are within the overall frame- ‘work of 1456-1978 and could be incorporated in S:4326. The background for these recommendations is given through comments. One example on shear wall design and detailing {salso included. Proposed design provisions for shear walls 1. Shear walls ‘The requirements of this section apply to shear walls which are part ofthe lateral force resisting system of the structure, 1.4 General requirements 11.1. The thickness of any part ofthc wall shall not be les than 100mm. Comment : The minimum thickness is specified as 100 mm to avoid unusually thin sections. Very thin sections are suscep- tible to lateral instability in zones where inelastic cyclic load- ‘ng may have to be sustained. ‘Sept 1993 The nian Concrete Journ o 1.1.2 The effective flange width to be used in the design of ‘flanged wall sections shall be assumed to extend beyond the face ofthe web for a distance which shall be the smaller of a) half the distance toanadjacent shear wall web; and (b)1/10th ‘of the total wall height. 1.1.3 Shear walls shall be provided with reinforcement inthe longitudinal and transversedirections in the planeof the wall. ‘The minimum reinforcement ratio shall be 0.0025 ofthe gross area in each direction. This reinforcement shall be distributed uniformly across the cross section ofthe wall. Comment : Distribution of a minimum reinforcement uni- formly across the heightand width ofthe wall helps to control the width of inclined cracks that are caused due to shear. 1.14 If the factored shea stein the wall excnds 025 Vs of the wall thickness exceeds 200 mun, reinforcement stall te provided into carn, ech bing brs ring in tat Tongiadinal and wansverse direction nthe plane of te wal Comment: The use of two curtains of reinforcement will ‘educe fragmentation and premature detrorationof thecon- ‘rote under cylic leading into the inelastic range The its of 025-7, and200 mm have been adopted from reference 115 The diaineter of the bars to be used in any part of the wall shall not exceed 1/10th of the thickness ofthat part. ‘Comment : This is to prevent the use of very large diameter bars in thin wall sections. 136 Toran pneu di Se esr natin, sees eto gh eval set ais 1.2 Shear strength requirements 1.2.1 Thenominal shear stress, 1, shall be calculated as factored shear force = thickness of the web ‘effective depth of wall section. This may be faken as 0.8 ly. for rectangular sections. 1.22 The design shear strength of concrete, , shall becaleu- lated as per Table 13 of 16:456-1978, ‘Comment : The vertical reinforcement that is provided in the wall shall be considered for calculation of the design shear stress of concrete as per Table 13 of 15456-1978, The increase in shear strength due to axial compression may also be con- sidered as per clause 39.2.2 of IS:456-1978, However, for this only 80 percent ofthe factored axial compressive force should bbe considered as effective. This is to consider the possible effect of vertical acceleration. 1.23 The nominal shear stress in the wall, shall notexceed amas per Table 14 of 15:456-1978. 1.24 When is loss than , shear reinforcement shall be provided in accordance with 1.13, 1.1.4, and 1.1 6of this code. 1.25 When, is greater than x, the area of horizontal shear reinforcement, Ay, to be provided within a vertical spacing, S,,isgiven by O87, Ad, Ss where, V,, = (V,~5,f,d,., is theshear force tobe resisted by the horizontal reinforcement. However, the amount of horizontal reinforcement provided shall not be less than the ‘minimum as per 1.1.3 of this code. 1.26 The vertical reinforcement thatis uniformly distributed in the wall shall not be less than the horizontal reinforcement caleulated as per 1.25, Comment : This provision is particularly important for squat walls. When the heightto-widthratioisabout 1.0, vertical and horizontal reinforcement are equally effective in resisting the shear force, However, for walls with height-to-widthratioless than 1.0, a major part of the shear force is resisted by the vertical reinforcement. Hence, adequate vertical reinforce- ‘ment should be provided for such walls. 1.3 Flexural strength 131 Tae moment of resistance, M,,, of the wall section shall be calculated as for columns subjected to combined axial load and uni-axial bending as per IS456-1978, The moment of resistance that is provided by uniformly distributed vertical reinforcement ina slender rectangular wall section may be calculated as follows (@)Forx/l, $ x/ 0.0035 os our ents, 2 oO ED = vertical reinforcement ratio= Ae / (le ly) ‘The tntan Conrte Journal * Septem 1993 Fig 1 Diagonally reinforced coupling beam ‘Ag = area of uniformly distributed vertical rein- forcement B = 087f,/ (0.0035 E,) E, = clastic modulus of steel P, = axial compression on wall For xy/i,

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