 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫اﻟﻤﺆﺳﺴﺔ اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﻌﻠﻴﻢ اﻟﻔﻨﻲ واﻟﺘﺪرﻳﺐ اﻟﻤﻬﻨﻲ‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  EF‫א‬‫א‬  

‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬   ‫א‬     W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬o
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ٪١٠٠‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 ٣
 
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 
 

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  EF‫א‬‫א‬  

 W
K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬، ‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬،
 K‫א‬‫א‬ J‫א‬ JK
 K‫א‬EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
International ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 ‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬ESIF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬System Of Units"
‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
 KESIF‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٦٢  ‫א‬
   
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬    EF‫א‬‫א‬
    
 

  W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬W
 
 
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬ 
  L m L L Length  ‫א‬ ١
  M Kg M m Mass  ‫א‬ ٢
  T Sec. T T Time  ‫א‬ ٣
            W‫א‬‫ א‬W 
  L2
  2
m A=L.L A Area  ‫א‬ ١
  L3 m3 V=A.L V Volume  ‫א‬ ٢
  M/L3 Kg/m3  ρ = m / V ρ Density  ‫א‬ ٣
  L/T m/sec  ψ = L / T ψ Velocity  ‫א‬ ٤
  L/T2 m/sec2 a= ψ/T a Acceleration  ‫א‬ ٥
  (M.L)/T2 N F=m.a F Force  ‫א‬ ٦
  (M.L)/T2 N W=m.g W Weight  ‫א‬ ٧
  M/(T2.L2) N/m3   γ = ρ . g γ Specific Weight  ‫א‬‫א‬ ٨
  M/(T2.L) N/m2 P = F / A = .h P Pressure  ‫א‬ ٩

 
(M.L2)/T2 J E=F.L E Energy (Work ) E‫א‬F‫ א‬١٠
(M.L2)/T3 W IP = E / T IP Power  ‫א‬ ١١
 
L3/T m3/sec Q=V/T=v.A Q Flow Rate  ‫א‬ ١٢
 
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 

-٣-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  EF‫א‬‫א‬  

 W‫א‬
m
   60 mile 
sec hr
 W‫א‬
1ft = 0.3048m ,1mile = 5280ft ,1hr =3600sec
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 
m
0.3084 × =1
ft
ft
5280 × =1
mile
sec
3600 × =1
hr
 
،E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  
 K
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W
 
ft ⎞⎛ 1 hr ⎞ (60)(0.3048)(5280 ) ⎛ m ⎞
  ⎛⎜ 60 mile ⎞⎟ = ⎛⎜ 60 mile ⎞⎟⎛⎜⎜ 0.3048 m ⎞⎟⎟⎛⎜ 5280 ⎟⎜ ⎟= ⎜
⎛ m ⎞
⎟ = 26.8⎜ ⎟
⎝ hr ⎠ ⎝ hr ⎠⎝ ft ⎠⎝ miles ⎠⎝ 3600 sec ⎠ 3600 ⎝ sec ⎠ ⎝ sec ⎠
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬SI ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 
 
 

-٤-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  EF‫א‬‫א‬  

 W‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬
1m = 10 km = 10 Mm = 10 Gm = 10 cm = 10 mm = 10 µm
−3 −6 −9 2 3 6

1in = 2.5cm = 25mm

1 ft = 12in
•
1h = 60 min = 3600 sec
1m 3 = 1000 L
m
g = 9.8
sec 2
 
 W‫א‬
4in 2.5cm 10mm ⎤ ⎛ 4 × 2.5 ×10 ⎞
• 4 in = ……………... mm → ⎡⎢ × × =⎜ ⎟mm = 100mm ⇒ 4in = 100mm
⎣ 1 1in 1cm ⎥⎦ ⎝ 1×1×1 ⎠
⎡10m 100cm 1in ⎤ ⎛ 10 × 100 ×1 ⎞
• 10 m = ……….…… in →⎢ × × =⎜ ⎟in = 400in ⇒ 10m = 400in
⎣ 1 1m 2.5cm ⎥⎦ ⎝ 1× 1× 2.5 ⎠
• 10 mm = ……….…… µm
⎡10mm 1m 1µm ⎤ ⎛ 10 × 1× 1 ⎞ 10
→⎢ × 3 × −6 ⎥ = ⎜ −6 ⎟
µm = −3 µm = 10 +1+3 = 10 + 4 µm ⇒ 10mm = 10000 µm
⎣ 1 10 mm 10 m ⎦ ⎝ 1× 10 × 10 ⎠
3
10
• 1000 µm = ……….…… mm
⎡1000µm 10 −6 m 10 3 mm ⎤ ⎛ 1000 ×10 −6 ×10 3 ⎞
→⎢ × × ⎥ = ⎜⎜ ⎟⎟mm = 10 +3−6+3 = 10 0 mm = 1mm ⇒ 1000µm = 1mm
⎣ 1 1µm 1m ⎦ ⎝ 1× 1× 1 ⎠
 W‫א‬
• 10 in/sec = ……………... mm/min
⎡10in 2.5cm 10mm 60 sec ⎤ ⎛ 10 × 2.5 ×10 × 60 ⎞ mm mm in mm
→⎢ × × × ⎥ =⎜ ⎟ = 15000 ⇒ 10 = 15000
⎣1sec 1in 1cm 1min ⎦ ⎝ 1× 1× 1× 1 ⎠ min min sec min
• 120 km/h = ……………... m/sec
⎡120km 10 3 m 1h 1 min ⎤ ⎛ 120 × 10 3 × 1× 1 ⎞ m m km m
→⎢ × × × ⎥ = ⎜⎜ ⎟⎟ = 33.3 ⇒ 120 = 33.3
⎣ 1h 1km 60 min 60 sec ⎦ ⎝ 1× 1× 60 × 60 ⎠ sec sec h sec

 W‫א‬
• 10 m/sec = ……………... in/min
2 2

⎡ 10m 100cm 1in 60 2 sec 2 ⎤ ⎛ 10 × 100 × 1× 60 2 ⎞ in in m in

→⎢ × × × 2 ⎥
= ⎜⎜ ⎟⎟ = 1440000 ⇒ 10 2 = 144 × 10 4
⎣1sec 2
1m 2. 5cm 12
min ⎦ ⎝ 1 × 1 × 2.5 × 12
⎠ min 2
min 2
sec min 2

 W‫א‬
• 45L = ……………... mm3
⎡ 45L 1m 3 1000 3 mm 3 ⎤ ⎛ 45 × 1 × 1000 3 ⎞ ⎛ 45 × 10 9 ⎞
→⎢ × 3 × ⎥ = ⎜
⎜ ⎟
⎟ mm 3
= ⎜⎜ ⎟⎟mm 3 = 45 × 10 6 mm 3 ⇒ 45L = 45 × 10 6 mm 3
1m 3 ⎦ ⎝ 1 × 10 × 1 ⎠
3 3
⎣ 1 10 L ⎝ 10 ⎠

-٥-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  EF‫א‬‫א‬  

 WSI‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
EL F  (1m) ‫א‬‫א‬ •
EMF  (1kg)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
E TF  (1sec)‫א‬‫א‬ •
 (1k)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬
Em3F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫• א‬
K(m/sec)‫א‬‫א‬ W‫• א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،(N)Newton ‫א‬W‫• א‬
K(m/sec2)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬ K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫• א‬
‫א‬
K(N/m2)L
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫• א‬
K(kg/m3)L‫א‬
Km3/kg‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫• א‬
K(J) ‫א‬(N.m)K‫א‬‫א‬W‫• א‬
K(Watt,W)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫• א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫• א‬
K‫• א‬
K‫• א‬
-٦-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  EF‫א‬‫א‬  

 KESI‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬1 Kpa E1 Kg F
 W 
 ‫א‬ × ‫א‬Z‫א‬
a . m = F
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W
 ‫א‬‫א‬ × ‫א‬Z‫א‬
g . m = F

m kg.m
  1KPa = 1Kg × 9.8 = 9 .81
sec 2 sec 2
 KF‫א‬N‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ESI‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K1m/s2‫א‬ 1 Kg‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬N‫א‬
 
m Kg .m
1N = 1Kg × 1 = 1
  s2 s2

  1KP = 9.81N 
  1KPa ≈ 10 N = 1daN ‫א‬‫א‬ 
 W‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
PZ‫א‬
 
FZ‫א‬
P=F
A  AZ‫א‬
 
 

-٧-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  EF‫א‬‫א‬  

 
KP/cm2‫א‬،‫א‬
1KP/cm2 = 1atmE‫א‬F

 W،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
1bar = 10 N/cm2 = 1 daN/cm2

1 bar = 1.02 Kpa/cm2

1KPa/cm2 = 0.98 bar

‫א‬ENF‫א‬‫א‬،ESI ‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 Pa‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،m2
 
1Pa = 1 N/m2
 
‫א‬K‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 K‫א‬bar ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 1 bar = 100000 Pa
 
 W‫א‬EFpsi‫א‬
 
 1 bar = 14.5 psi
 
‫א‬K
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬E١ ١F‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬bar‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

-٨-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  EF‫א‬‫א‬  


 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١١F
 
‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬
   
10-1 d deci  10 de deca
10-2 c  centi 102 h 
 hecto
10-3 m  milli 103 k kilo
10-6 u  106 M 
micro mega
-9 9
10 n  nano  10 G giga

10-12 p pico 1012 T  tera‫א‬

 

-٩-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  EF‫א‬‫א‬  

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W

1
 F = ma
gc
‫א‬‫א‬gc‫א‬a‫א‬m ‫א‬F
‫א‬‫א‬si‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W
1 m
  1Newton = × 1kg × 1 2
gc sec
kgm
gc = 1 W
Newton × sec 2
W‫א‬‫א‬
1 ft
1Ib f = × 1Ibm × g
gc sec 2
 
ft.Ibm
‫א‬  32.174 ‫א‬‫א‬(gc)‫א‬‫א‬
Ib f sec 2
K‫א‬si‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬Btu‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 Wsi‫א‬‫א‬
 
 1 Btu =1054.35 J(or N.m)
 
 W(SI System)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •

- ١٠ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  EF‫א‬‫א‬  

kg‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
KN
 ،‫א‬‫א‬ •
J‫א‬‫א‬
 K،‫א‬،W‫א‬N.m‫א‬
 
 
 W‫א‬
 Kw‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،،400 kj‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬
KJ
Power , P = 2 × 400
hr
 
⎛ KJ ⎞⎛ 1000 J ⎞⎛ hr ⎞ J
P = ⎜ 800 ⎟⎜ ⎟⎜ ⎟ = 222.2 = 222.2W
⎝ hr ⎠⎝ KJ ⎠⎝ 3600 sec ⎠ sec
 W
 W‫א‬‫א‬
E1 = 4000 J
 E2 = 10 W.hr
E3 = 20 kN.m
 
 KBtu KJ‫א‬
 W‫א‬
⎛ KJ ⎞ ⎛ ⎞⎛ 3600 sec ⎞⎛ kj ⎞ ⎛ KJ ⎞
∑ E = (4000 J )⎜⎝ 1000 J ⎟⎠ + ⎜⎝10 sec hr ⎟⎠⎜⎝ ⎟⎟ + (20 KN .m )⎜
J
⎟⎜⎜ ⎟
hr ⎠⎝ 1000 j ⎠ ⎝ KN .m ⎠

  ∑ E = 4 + 36 + 20 = 60 KJ

⎛ 1Btu ⎞
∑ E = (60KJ )⎜⎝ 1.055KJ ⎟⎠ = 56.87 Btu

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