EMBEDDED SYSTEMS: INTRODUCTION TO ARM® CORTEX™-M MICROCONTROLLERS Volume 1 Fifth Edition June 2015 Jonathan W. Valvanoa Fifth edition 3” printing July 2015 ‘The true engineering experience oceurs not with your eyes and ears, but rather with your fingers and elbows. In other words, engineering education does not happen by ing is iding a book; rather it happens by designing under the Ustening in class or watchful eyes of a patient mentor. $0, go build something today, then show it to | ‘someone you respect! | ———E ARM and wVision are registered trademasks of ARM Limited, Comex and Kell are eademarks of ARM Limited Stellars and Tiva are zegstered tadematks Texas Instruments. Code Composer Stadio is 2 tatemark of Tera Instruments Allothee product or service ames meationed herein aze the tademarks of thei respective owners. In onder to reduce costs, this college textbook has ben tel published. For more information sbovt my clases, my research, and my books, see hrp//arerseceutexa.ed/—valvano/ For cotrectioos and comments, please contact me at: valvano@aailutexas.edu. Please cite this book as: J.W. Valvano, Embedded Systems: Introduction to ARM® Cortex™™-M Microcontzollers, Volume 1, hhup:/ /users.eceutexas.edu/~valvano/, ISBN: 978-1477508992. Copysight © 2015 Jonathan W. Valeano Allright reserved. No pat ofthis work covered bythe copyright herein may be reproduced, ‘eansmitted, stored, or used in any form or by any means graphic, clectronie, o: mechanical, including but ‘ot limited to photocopying, ecorcng, scanning, digizing, taping, web dstbaton, information networks, or information stonge and revival, except as permitted under Section 107 or 108 ofthe 1976 ‘United States Copyright Ac, without the prior written permission ofthe publsher. TISBN-13,978-1477508952 ISBN-10: 1477508996Jonathan Valvano. Table of Contents Acknowledgements 1. Introduction to Computers and Electronics 1.1. Review of Electronics. Binary Information Implemented with MOS transistors. Digital Logic... Digital Information stored in Memory. Numbers. Character information 9 Computer Architecture.. 30 Flowcharts and Structured Programming... 3 1.9. Concurrent and Parallel Programming 37 1.10. Exercises. 40 2. Introduction to Embedded Systems.. AT 2.1. Embedded Systems. 2.2. Applications Involving Embedded Systems 2.3. Product Life Cycl 2.5. Quality Design .. 2.5.1. Quantitative Performance Measurements. 2.5.2. Qualitative Performance Measurements . 253. Attitude 2.6. Debugging Theory 2.7. Switch and LED Interfaces. 2.8, Introduction to C.. 29, Exercises... 3. Introduction to the ARM® Cortex™M Processor. Py