SOME BASIC FUNCTIONS

1) digitalRead()

Reads the value from a specified digital pin, either high or low
2) digitalWrite()

Write a high or low value to a digital pin.

3) pinMode()

set the pin as INPUT or OUTPUT

4) analogRead()
reads an analog voltage and converts to an integer value between 0 and 1023

5) analogWrite()
Writes an analog value (PWM wave) to a pin

6) analogReference()
Configures the reference voltage used for analog input
7) serial.begin()
Sets the data rate in bits per second (baud) for serial data transmission
8) serial.end()
Disables serial communication
9) serial.available()
Get the number of bytes (characters) available for reading from the serial port
10) serial.read()
Reads incoming serial data
11) serial.print()
Prints data to the serial port as human-readable ASCII text

12) serial.println()
Prints data to the serial port as human-readable ASCII text followed by a carriage
return character and a newline character