AGENERI

CWORDI
NTHENOBELQUR’
AN

Andr
iPur
want
o

Program StudiPendidi
kanBahasaI
nggri
s,
Fakul
tasBahasadanSeni Univ
ersi
tasI
ndr
aprast
aPGRI
Jl.NangkaNo.58CTanjungBar
at

Abst
ract

Thisr esearchdi scussessomepr oblemsandst r

ategiesindeal
ingwit
hI slamicterms
i
nt heNobl eQur ’
anofEngl i
shTr anslati
onoft heMeani ngsandComment ary.Thi
s
resear chshowshow t hepr of
essionalt r
ansl
at or
sannot atedsomeI slami cterms
accor dingtot he5gener alt
ransl
ationst r
ategi
es.Ther eare75ter
mst hatarest udi
ed
andcat egorizedaccordingtothest r
ategyandt heoryoftransl
ati
on,
i.
e.( 1)Agener i
c
wor dwi thf orm;(2)Agenericwor dwi thfunct
ion;(3)Agener i
cwordwi thbot hform
and f unction;( 4)A genericwor d wi t
h compar i
son;( 5)A generi
cwor d wi t
ha
decript i
vephr ase.
Key
wor
ds:
Isl
ami
cter
ms,
gener
icwor
d,t
ransl
ati
onst
rat
egi
es
Kat
aGener
ikdal
am Al
-Qur
’an
Abst
rak
Peneli
ti
aninimembahasbeber apamasal ahdanst r
ategidalam menanganii stil
ah-
i
sti
lahagamaI slam didalam TerjemahanAl -Qur’
anBer bahasaInggr i
s.Penel
it
iani ni
menunjukkanbagai manapener j
emahpr of
esionalmember ikananotasidalam i
stil
ah-
i
sti
lahagamaI slam berdasarkanteoripenerj
emahany angdi populerkanolehMildred
L.Larson.Terdapat75i sti
l
ahy angdi pelajar
idandi kelompokkansesuaidengan
str
ategidant eoripenerjemahan,y ait
u( 1)Kat agener i
kdenganbent uk;(2)Kat a
generi
kdenganf ungsi
;(3)Katagener i
kdenganbent ukdanf ungsi;(4)Katagener ik
denganperbandingan;(5)Katagener i
kdenganf rasadeskripsi
.
Kat
akunci
:i
sti
l
ahagamaI
slam,
kat
agener
ik,
str
ategi
pener
jemahan
A. I
NTRODUCTI
ON

Transl
at i
on ofI slami c Terms usi ng a gener i
c wor di s one oft he t
r ansl
ati
on
str
ategiest hatisusedt ov i
suali
zet heI slami ctermswhent hereisnoequi val
ence
wordi nt het ar getl anguage.Thi sstrategyoft r
ansl ati
on hel pst henon- Ar
abic-
speakingMusl i
mst ounder standt heIsl
ami ctermsmor edet ailwithsomeaddi t
ions.
Thiseffortismadei nf ul
fi
ll
mentoft heinjunct i
onoft hePr ophetpeacebeuponhi m,
“Conveymymessageev enifitbeonesi ngleay ah.”Thei deaoft r
anslat
ingI sl
ami c
ter
msi nt heQur ’ani snotaneasyt asksi ncet heI slami ct ermsi nt hequr ’
an
sometimeshav enoEngl i
shequi valent
.Basedont hisreason, t
hest udyoftr ansl
ati
ng
Isl
amict ermswi thagener icwor dandadescr ipti
vephr asei sbadl yneeded.
Thosewhoar egoi ngt ot r
anslateI sl
ami ct ermsshoul dl earnt heQur ’
anacor di
ngto
theunder standingoft hepiouspedecessor s,theCompani onsofAl loh’sMessenger .
Whywe need t o under stand the Qur ’an based on t he Compnai ons ofAl loh’s
MessengerbecauseTheyl earnttheQur ’andi rectl
yf r
om t hePr ophetpeacebeupon
him.TheAl loh’sMessengercl arifyt hewor d“ Zul m”wheni twasr eci tedf ort hef ir
st
ti
met oal loft heCompani onsofAl loh’ sMessenger .Mostoft heCompani onshad
mi sunder stoodt hemeani ngoft hewor d“ Zul m”i nt heSur ah6.Al -
An’ am:82,and
theyaskanexpl anat ionf rom t hePr ohpetpeacebeuponhi m.Nar rat ed‘ Abdul lah
‫ﻪ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﺭﺿﻰ ﷲﻋ‬ :Whent hef ollowi ngVer sewasr ev eal ed:“ Iti st hosewhobel i
ev e( int he
OnenessofAl lohandwor shi pnonebutHi m Al one)andconf usenott hei rbel iefwi th
Zul m( wr ongi .e., bywor shi ppingot her sbesi desAl l
oh. ). ..”(V. 6:82) , theCompani ons
ofAl loh’ sMessenger‫ﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﻪﻭﺳ‬ ‫ﻴ‬‫ﻠ‬
‫ﺻﻰ ﷲﻋ‬ ‫ ﻠ‬sai d,“ Whoi samongstuswhohadnotdone
Zul m( wr ong) ?”ThenAl lohjr ev eal ed:“ Ver ily, j
oi nni ngot her si nwor shi pwi thAl l
ohi s
agr eatZul m( wr ong)i ndeed. ”( V. 31: 13)( Sahi hAl -Bukhar i,Vol .1Hadi thNo. 31) .The
transl at ionoft hewor d“ Zul m”i susi ngagener i
cwor d( wr ong)wi thadescr i
pt i
ve
phr ase( bywor shi ppi ngot hersbesi desAl loh) .Lar son( 2004,158)hadment ioned
that“ Ifnecessar y ,thegener icwor dmaybemodi fiedwi thadescr i
pt iv ephr aset o
addanycont rast ivecomponent swhi char eneededf oracl earunder standi ngoft he
sour cel exi cal i
tem. ”
Ther eal ityt odayi st hatsomet ransl at or st ransl at et heI slami ct ermsi nt heQur ’anby
wor d-by -wor dt ransl ation( Lafziy ah)andundul yf reet ransl ations( freei nt erpr etat i
on).
Accor dingt oLar son( 2004: 17) :
Undul yf reet ransl at i
onsar enotconsi der edaccept abl et r
ansl at ionf ormost
pur poses.Tr ansl ationsar eundul yf reei ft heyaddext raneousi nf or mat i
onnot
int hesour cet ext ,ift heychanget hemeani ngoft hesour cel anguage,ori f
theydi stor tt hef act soft hehi stor icalandcul turalset ti
ngoft hesour ce
languaget ext .Somet imesundul yf reet ransl ationsar emadef orpur posesof
humor ,ort obr i
ngaboutaspeci alr esponsef rom t her ecept orl anguage
speaker s.Howev er ,t heyar e notaccept abl e asnor malt r ansl ations.The
emphasi si sont her eact ionoft hoser eadi ngorhear ingi tandt hemeani ngi s
notnecessar ilyt hesameast hatoft hesour cel anguage.
InI ndonesi a, ther ear esomanyt ransl at i
onsoft heQur ’ant ransl atedwor d-by -
wor di n
ordert oknow t hemeani ngofeachAr abi cwor d.Thi smet hodoft ransl ationmay
dist or tthemeani ngoft heQur ’anandmi schi ev emostpeopl ewhor eadt hiswor d-by-
wor dQur ’ani ct r ansl at ion.TheI slami cschol arsandpr of essi onalt ransl ator shav e
agr eedt hatt her ei snowor d-by -wor dt ransl ation,andt hisi sunl awf ul( Har am)i fitis
appl iedt ot het ransl at i
onoft heQur ’
an.Andt hosewhoknow not hingaboutt he
Qur ’anandi tsmeani ngbutar et ry i
ngt ogett hemeani ngdonef rom ot hersour ces
(i
.e.phi losophybooks,di ctionar ies,peopl e’scomment s) ,thiswr ongf ulact ionmay
dist or tt hem f rom t her ightpat h( theQur ’anandt heSunnah) .AndwhatAl lohhas
ment i
oned:“ Butwhosoev ert ur nsawayf rom Myr emi nder( i.e.nei t herbel iev est his
Qur ’annoract si tst eachi ngs) .Ver il
y ,forhi mi sal ifeofhar dshi pandWeshal lraise
him upbl indont heDayofResur rect ion( Sur ah20.Taha: 124) .
Themosti mpor t antt hingi st of indat r
ust abl et ransl at or.Thet r
ansl at i
onofBi ble
from Jewi shl anguage, Hebr ewi nt oLat in, theAnci entRomel anguage.TheBi blet hat
waswr i
tteni nHebr ewl anguagewast ransl at edbyt heGr eeceschol ari nt ot heGr eek
l
anguage.TheAnci entGr eekpeopl ebel iev edi nmanygodsatt hatt imesot hey
transl at edt heBi bl eaccor dingt ot heirbel ief.Si ncet hent heGr eekl anguagebecame
themosti mpor t antl anguagei nt hehi st oryofEur ope.TheNew Test amentoft he
Chr ist ianBi bl ewaswr itt
eni nGr eekl anguage.TheRomanpeopl et ransl atedt he
Gr eekBi bl ei ntot heLat inl anguageeasi l
y .Thi si st hesecond r epr oduct ion of
transl at iont hati st ot allydi ff
er encet ot heor igi nalt ext .That ’swhyt her ear eal otof
disput at ioni nt het ransl atedscr iptoft heBi ble.
Tr ansl at ionoft heI slami ct ermsi nt heQur ’ani sbadl yneededt odi ssemi nat et he
scienti
fi
cpr oceduresoftransl
ati
onoft heHolyQur’antoallMusli
m.Ihopet hat
treat
iseservesasasour ceofbenefi
tforal
lMusli
m andthati
tisacausef
orthem to
begui dedtothetruthandtothewayofwor shi
ppi
ngAl l
ohcorr
ect
ly.MayAl
lohpl
ace
thisnoblewor konthescaleofgooddeeds.

1. Pr
obl
em For
mul
ati
on
Thi
sresear
chdi
scussessomepr
obl
emsandst
rat
egi
esoft
ransl
ati
onasf
oll
ows:
1. Whatstr
ategi
esdotheprof
essi
onal
transl
ator
sempl
oyi
ntheEngl
i
sh
t
ransl
ati
onofNobleQur’
an?
2. Whati
stheper
centageofeachst
rat
egythatt
hepr
ofessional
transl
ator
s
empl
oyedi
ndeali
ngwi t
hIsl
amict
ermsintheNobl
eQur’an?
2. Theor
eti
cal
Rev
iew
1. Whati
str
ansl
ati
on
Translat
ionhappenedatt hef i
rstti
medur i
ngt het hi
rdcent ur
yBC.Thepr ev i
ous
nameoft ranslat
ionwasknownasSept uagint.Thereare72Jewi shscholarswho
wereinvolvedi nthetr
anslat
ionofBi blef
rom Hebr ewi nt
oGr eek.Thetransl
ati
onof
Bibl
ei nt
oGr eekwast hebeginningofmanyt ranslati
onsofBi bleintomanyot her
l
anguages, especial
lyLat
in.EugeneNi da(1959-1998:12-23)placesthebeginningof
tr
anslati
onwi t
htheproducti
onoft heSeptuagintwhichseemst ohav ebeenthefirst
tr
anslati
onoft heHebrew OldTestamenti nt
oGr eek.Itwascar ri
edoutbysev enty-
twot r
anslators,anditprovi
desuswi ththebasi ccategori
esoft hehi st
oryoft his
pract
ice.
TheLat i
nBi blicaltextshadaccumul atedpi ecemealov eracent ur
yormor e,they
wer enott r
ansl atedbyasi ngl
eper sonori nstit
ution,noruniformlyedi t
ed.The
i
ndi vidualbooksv ari
edi nquali
tyoft r
anslati
onandst yl
e,anddiff
erentmanuscr i
pts
wi t
nessv ari
ationsi nreadings.TheOl dTestamentBooksofOl dLatinwast ranslated
from Gr eekBi blicaltext,notfr
om theHebr ew.Thet r
anslati
onofHebr ewBi bli
caltext
i
nt o Gr eek Bi bli
cal t exts was i nvol
ved 72 Jewi sh Scholars with di ff
erent
i
nt erpretati
onseach.Then,t heRomanpeopl et ranslatedtheGreekBi bl
icaltextinto
Lat i
nnotonl yindi vi
duallybutalsocollecti
vel
yandnev erbeunif
or medlyedited.The
resultist heresomanydi f
fer
enttranslat
ionsandst ylesoft hepr
intedbooksofLat i
n
Bibli
cal text.
Thati sabr iefhi storyoft ranslati
oni nt heanci entt i
meandsomepr oblems
arised dur ing t he l ong pr ocess oft ranslation.Ther e ar e so many t r
anslat i
on
problems,i .e.unt rustedt ranslator s,wrongt r
anslati
onmet hods,suchaswor d-by-
wor d t ransl ation, di fferent i nterpret
ations, non- original t ext t r
anslati
on and
adapt ationt hatf orcedt hemeani ngchanget osui tdiff
er entcondi tions.Basedont he
historicalprobl emsoft ranslation, thedefi
nitionoft r
ansl ationcanbeconcl udedasa
processoft ransl at i
ngt hemeani ngoft hesour cel anguaget exti nt
ot het arget
l
anguaget ex tbyst udy i
ngt hemeani ngaccor di
ngt othef ourel ement softranslation,
i
.e.l exicon,gr ammat i
calst ructure,communi cationsi tuation,cul tur
alcont extand
restructuringt het r ansl
atedt exti ntoanequi valent
,accur ate,dy nami candnat ural
translation.
Whati st hebestt ranslation?Lar son( 1998:6)expl ainedt hatt hebestt ranslationi s
one whi ch a)uses t he nor mall anguage f orms oft he r ecept orl anguage,b)
communi cates,asmuchaspossi ble,tot her ecept orlanguagespeaker st hesame
meani ngt hatwasunder stoodbyt hespeaker soft hesour cel anguage,andc)
mai nt ainst hedy nami csoft hesour cel anguaget ext.Everyt ransl ati
onshoul dhav e
theset hr ee, sother eader soft her ecept orl anguagewi l
lnotseet het ransl ati
onasa
translat edt ext.
2. Equi v alencebymodi fyi
ngagener icwor d
Theuseofgener i
cwor dasabasef orconst ruct i
nganadequat eequi v al
entoft he
sour cel anguagei sext remel yusef ul.Somet imesi tishar dt of indt heequi v alent
meani ngoft heIslami ct ermsi nt ranslationoft heNobl eQur ’
an.Forexampl e,t he
wor d“ ٍ
‫ﻊ‬ ‫ﻳ‬ِ
‫ﺮ‬ َ”i
‫ﺿ‬ nt heSur ahAl -Ghashi yahVer se6i st r
ansl atedi ntoagener i
cwor d
modi fiedwi thform“ apoi sonoust hor nypl ant .”Thi shas2meani ngcomponent s, the
fi
rsti st heTHI NG “ plant ”and t hesecond i st heATTRI BUTES “ poisonous”and
“thorny ”.Thewor d“ ِ
‫ﺩ‬‫ﺎ‬َ
‫ﺗ‬ْ
‫ﻭ‬َ
‫ﺄ‬ْ
‫ﻟ‬‫ﭐ‬”intheSur ahAl -
Faj rVer se10i st ransl atedi ntoagener i
c
wor d“ thest akes”modi fiedwi thf unct i
on“ (tot orturemenbybi ndingt hem t ot he
stakes) ”.Thewor d“ ِ‫ﻄ‬
‫ﺐ‬ َ‫ﺤ‬َ‫ﻟ‬ْ‫ﭐ‬
”ist ransl atedi nt oagener icwor d“ wood”modi fi
edwi th
for m“ thor nsofSa’ dan”andf unct ion“ whi chsheusedt ot oputont hewayoft he
Pr ophet‫ﻢ‬ ‫ﻠ‬‫ﻪﻭﺳ‬ ‫ﻴ‬‫ﻠ‬
‫ﻠﻰ ﷲﻋ‬ ‫ﺻ‬,oruset o sl anderhi m.”Thewor d“ َ‫ﻮ‬
‫ﻥ‬ ُ‫ﺎ‬
‫ﻋ‬ َ
‫ﻤ‬ْ
‫ﻟ‬‫ﭐ‬”i s
translat edwi t
hagener i
cwor d“ smal lkindnesses”modi fi
edwi thacompar i
son“ like
sal t
,sugar ,water.”Thewor d“ٌ
‫ﻩ‬ ‫ﻮ‬ ُ‫ﻭ‬
‫ﺟ‬ ُ ”ist r
ansl at edi ntoagener i
cwor d“somef aces”
modi fiedwi t
hadescr ipti
v ephr ase“ (i
nt heHel l-f
ire,i.
e.thef acesofal ldi sbeli
ev er s,
JewsandChr i
sti
ans) .
”Ther ear ef ivemodi ficationsofgener icwor d,1)agener i
c
wor dwi thf orm,2)agener i
cwor dwi thfunct ion,3)agener icwor dwi thbot hf orm
andf unct i
on, 4)agener i
cwor dwi t
hcompar ison, 5)agener icwor dwi thadescr iptive
phr ase.

3. Resear chMet hol

ogy
Thisresearchdiscussestheanal
ysi
softhegener
icwordinTheNobleQur
’anEngl
ish
Translat
ionoftheMeani ngsandComment ar
ytr
ansl
atedbyDr.MuhammadTaqi-ud-
DinAl-Hil
all
idanDr .MuhammadMuhsi nKhanandpubli
shedbyKi
ngFahdCompl ex
forthePrinti
ngofHol yQur’
an,Madi
nah,K.
S.A.

a. Sour
ceofDat
a

Thi
sresear
chi
sder
ivedfr
om t
heNobleQur
’anEngl
i
shTr
anslati
onofthe
meani
ngsandcommentarywr
it
tenbyDrMuhammadTaqi
-ud-Di
nAl-
Hilal
l
iand
DrMuhammadMuhsinKhan.

b. Dat
aCol
l
ect
ion

Thi
sresear
chusedali
brar
yresear
chmethodt
odesi
gnt
hetheor
yandstrat
egy
oft
ransl
ati
onandthewhol
edatawerepr
esent
edi
nnumberandper
sent
age.

c. Dat
aAnal
ysi
s

Thi
sresear
chanal
yzedt
hedat
abasedont
het
heor
yandst
rat
egyoft
ransl
ati
on.
B. DI
SCUSSI
ON
Intranslati
ngIslamicter
ms,t hetr
anslatorsempl oyedsomet ransl
ationtechniques
(i
.e.(1)Agener i
cwor dwit
hfor m;(
2)agener icwordwi t
hfunct
ion;(3)agener i
cwor d
withbot hform andfunct
ion;
( 4)agenericwor dwithadescri
ptivephrase)
.Ther eare
fourt ypesofgener icwordwi thit
smodi f
icati
on.Theanal ysisoft hetranslat
ion
theoriesisbasedonsomet ransl
ati
ont heori
es.Somequot ati
onswi llbeinsert
edt o
suppor ttheanalysi
s.
1. AGener
icWor
dwi
thFor
m
I
nt het ranslati
onofI slamicterms,gener i
cwor dst hatcont ri
butet othenear est
meaningofgener i
ctermsarebadlyneeded.Manyt r
anslatorsusedi ff
erentwaysi n
t
ranslati
ngI slamict er
mst hatprobablyneedt obet ranslatedconcr et
elybasedon
t
heQur ’anandAs- Sunnahtoavoidmi sunderst
anding.Larson( 2004,165)ment i
oned
t
hat“ Understandingcor r
espondenceoff orm andfunctioniscr uci
altof i
ndinggood
l
exicalequivalents.”
Dat
aNumber6

SLT ﴿‫ﻊ‬
ٍ
‫ﻳ‬ِ
‫ﺮ‬َ ‫ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺿ‬ ِ‫ﺎ‬
َ
ّ
‫ﻟ‬ِ‫ﻡ‬
‫ﺇ‬ٌ‫ﺎ‬
َ
‫ﻌ‬َ‫ﻢ‬
‫ﻃ‬ْ‫ﻬ‬
ُ
َ
‫ﻟ‬َ‫ﻴ‬
‫ﺲ‬ ْ
َ
ّ
‫ﻟ‬٦﴾
TLT Nofoodwil
lther
ebefort
hem butapoi
sonoust
hor
nypl
ant
.[Sur
ah88.Al
-
Ghashi
yahVerse6,
page832]

Anal y
sis:
Thewor d“ ٍ
‫ﻊ‬‫ﻳ‬ِ
‫ﺮ‬ َ”i
‫ﺿ‬ stranslatedi ntoagener icwor d“ pl
ant ”andt hef eaturesofi ts
form are“ poi sonous”and“ thorny”.TheQur ’anr eaderswi llperceivethatt hereisno
j
oy fulthingsand del i
ciousf ood intheHel l
fi
reexceptapai nfultormentand a
poisonoust hor nyplantt oeat .Sot het r
ansl ati
onoft hewor d“ٍ
‫ﻊ‬ ‫ﻳ‬ِ
‫ﺮ‬َ”woul
‫ﺿ‬ dbe“ a
poisonous t hornypl ant ”
. Thi s ki
nd ofpl antwi l
lbe gi ven tot hose who ar e
disbeli
ever s,JewsandChr i
stians.Ma'marnar ratedthatQat adahsaid,"Nof oodwi l
l
therebef ort hem butDar i
,thisis Ash-
Shi br
iq.Wheni tdriesi ti
scal l
ed Ad- Dari
."(f
n.
At-Tabari 24:384) .Sa'
idnar r
atedf rom Qatadaht hathesaid, "Nofoodwi l
lther ebefor
them butDar i,thisi
st hewor st,mostdi sgust i
ngandl oathsomeoff oods. "(f
n.At-
Tabar i24: 384) .
 (Taf
sirIbnKat hir
,Abridged,Dar ussal
am Publ i
shers&Di stri
butor
s,
2000,v ol.10,p.457) .Thismet hodisqui teenought omaket heterm mor econcr ete
andcl eart otheQur ’
anr eaders.

Dat
aNumber3

SLT ﴿‫ﻖ‬
ٍ‫ﻠ‬
َ
َ‫ﻦ‬
‫ﻋ‬ْ‫ﻣ‬
ِ‫ﻦ‬
َ‫ﺴ‬
ٰ‫ﻧ‬
َِ
‫ﺈ‬ْ
‫ﻟ‬
‫ﭐ‬َ‫ﻠ‬
‫ﻖ‬َ
َ٢﴾
‫ﺧ‬

TLT Hehascr eat

edmanfrom acl
ot(
api
eceoft
hickcoagul
atedbl
ood)
.[Sur
ah
96.Al
-‘
AlaqVerse2,
page842]

Anal
ysi
s:
Thewor d“ ٍ‫ﻠ‬
‫ﻖ‬ َ
َ”i
‫ﻋ‬ stranslatedi ntoagener icwor d“ clot”wi t
hf or m“apieceoft hick
coagul at edbl ood. ”Thet ranslat i
onoft hewor d“clot”bydi ct
ionarydefiniti
oncoul dbe
“At hickmassofcoagul at edliquid,especi all
ybl oodor apor ti
onofasubst ance
adher ingt ogetheri nat hicknondescr i
ptmass( asofcl ayorgum) .MohdEl fie
ment i
oned:
Thisi si ndeedwhathappenedwi t
ht hewor dsofGodi nt henobl eQur 'an.Musl i
ms
wer epr esent edwi thabookf rom Godwhi cht oldt hem t hat"He( God)cr eated
humani t
yf rom anAl aq."Thosewhor eadt hisv erse" i
nt erpreted"itbasedupont he
meani ngt heyf eltmostappr opriat
e.Humanshav ebl oodi nthem sot hev ersemust
mean" bl oodcl ot.
"How coul daper sonbecr eatedf rom wor ms,t heyr easoned?
Howev er,thev er ser emainedi nArabi candt hetextr etai nedi tsdualmeani ngdespi te
how humani t
yhadt ri
edt ounder standt hemeani ng.Whensomepeopl echoset o
translat et hemeani ngsoft heQur '
ani ntoEngl isht heywer efacedwi t
hasi tuation
wher et heyhadt ochoseoneort heot her .Unl i
ket heor iginalArabic,theEngl i
sh
l
anguagewoul dnotal l
ow f oradualmeani ng.Thus,t het ranslator
sl ookedatbot h
meani ngs," cl
umpofbl ood, "and" leech"andt r
iedt or eason," Whichoneappear sto
myi ntellectt obet hei ntendedmeani ng,f orhumanst ohav ebeencr eatedf rom a
bloodcl otorf ort hem t o hav ebeencr eatedf rom l eeches? "Obv iously ,j
ustas
humanswoul dhav eahar dt i
mei magi ning" bugs"f l
yingar oundi ntheirsof twar e,so
toodi dt heyhav eahar dt i
mei magi ning" l
eeches"t ransmut i
ngi ntohumans,sot he
versewast ranslatedas" bloodcl ot."

2. AGener
icWor
dwi
thFunct
ion

I
nt het ranslati
onofI slamicterms,gener i
cwor dst hatcont ri
butet othenear est
meaningofgener i
ctermsarebadlyneeded.Manyt r
anslatorsusedi ff
erentwaysi n
t
ranslati
ngI slamict er
mst hatprobablyneedt obet ranslatedconcr et
elybasedon
t
heQur ’anandAs- Sunnahtoavoidmi sunderst
anding.Larson( 2004,165)ment i
oned
t
hat“ Understandingcor r
espondenceoff orm andfunctioniscr uci
altof i
ndinggood
l
exicalequivalents.”

Dat
aNumber2

SLT ﴿‫ﺩ‬
ِ
‫ﺍ‬َ
‫ﻮ‬ْ
‫ﻟ‬
‫ﭑ‬
ِ‫ﺮ‬
‫ﺑ‬َْ‫ﺼ‬
‫ﺨ‬َ‫ﻟ‬
ّ‫ﭐ‬۟
‫ﺍ‬
‫ﻮ‬ُ
‫ﺑ‬
‫ﺎ‬َ‫ﻦ‬
‫ﺟ‬َ‫ﻳ‬
ِ
‫ﺬ‬َ
ّ
‫ﻟ‬‫ﭐ‬
َ
‫ﺩ‬‫ﻮ‬ُ
‫ﻤ‬
َ
‫ﺛ‬َ
‫ﻭ‬٩
﴾

TLT And(wi
th)Thamud(people)
,whohewedoutrocksi
nthev
all
ey(
tomake
dwel
l
ings)?[
Surah89.Al
-Faj
arVer
se9,page834]

Anal
ysi
s:

Thephr ase“ ِ
‫ﺩ‬
‫ﺍ‬َ
‫ﻮ‬ْ
‫ﻟ‬‫ﭑ‬
ِ‫ﺮ‬
‫ﺑ‬َْ‫ﺼ‬
‫ﺨ‬َ‫ﻟ‬
ّ ‫ﺍﭐ‬۟
‫ﻮ‬ ُ
‫ﺑ‬
‫ﺎ‬َ‫ﻦ‬
‫ﺟ‬ َ‫ﻳ‬ِ
‫ﺬ‬َ
ّ
‫ﻟ‬‫ﭐ‬”i
stranslatedwithageneri
cwor dwhi chisan
adject
iveclause“whohewedoutr ocksinthev alley”andmodifi
edwi t
hf uncti
on“to
makedwel l
i
ngs.”Thi
str
anslati
onmethodi susedt omakethelexi
calmeani ngofthe
SurahAl -
Fajarver
se9moreconcreteandunder standablef
ortheQur’anreaders.The
functi
on“ t
omakedwel l
ings”istoshowwhatt hey( Thamudpeople)wer edoingfor
andt omakei tmoreexpli
cit
.Thistransl
ationi salsoexplai
nedinSur ah26.Ash-
Shu’
araVer
se149.“
Andy
ouhewouti
nthemount
ains,
houseswi
thgr
eatski
l
l.
”

Dat
aNumber3

SLT ﴿‫ﺩ‬
ِ
‫ﺎ‬َ
‫ﺗ‬
ْ
‫ﻭ‬َ
‫ﺄ‬ْ
‫ﻟ‬
‫ﭐ‬‫ﺫﻯ‬
ِ‫ﻥ‬
َ‫ﻮ‬
َْ‫ﺮ‬
‫ﻋ‬ْ
ِ
‫ﻓ‬َ
‫ﻭ‬١
٠﴾
TLT And(
wit
h)Fir
’aun(
Pharaoh)whohadthestakes(totor
tur
emenby
bi
ndi
ngthem t
othest
akes)?[Sur
ah89.Al
-FajarVerse10,
page834]

Anal
ysi
s:

Thewor d“ ِ
‫ﺩ‬
‫ﺎ‬َ
‫ﺗ‬ْ
‫ﻭ‬َ
‫ﺄ‬ْ
‫ﻟ‬
‫ﭐ‬ ‫ﺫﻯ‬ِ”istransl
atedintoanadj ecti
veclause“ whohadt hest akes”and
modi fi
ed wi t
hf unct ion “totorture men by bi nding them t ot he stakes.”Thi s
transl
ationmet hodi st oshowt het erm off unct i
onofwhatt hest akesar efor.This
modi fi
cationmakest hev ersemor econcr eteandunder stablef ort heQur ’anreaders.
Thecomment atorsoft heQur '
anhav eputf orthdiff
erentv i
ewsf orthemeani ngof
the Qur '
anic descr i
pt i
on oft he Phar aoh as  dhul
-awtād ("
oft he  awtād"),as the
wor awt
d  ād,pluralof  watad,hasdi fferentmeani ngs.Theopi ni onwhi chat t
ract
ed
mostagr eementi st hatt hePhar aohusedt he st
akest ot ortureandcr uci
fyhi s
opponent s,especi al
lyt hosewhoabandonedhi m andconv ertedt other eli
gionof
Moses.Per hapst hewi destpossiblei nterpr
et ati
onofQur '
an38: 12comesf rom al-
Qur t
̣ubī .Hesay sinhi s 
comment ar y
 ofQur 'an( Sur
ah38: 12).

3. AGener
icWor
dwi
thbot
hFor
m andFunct
ion

I
nt het ranslati
onofI slamicterms,gener i
cwor dst hatcont ri
butet othenear est
meaningofgener i
ctermsarebadlyneeded.Manyt r
anslatorsusedi ff
erentwaysi n
t
ranslati
ngI slamict er
mst hatprobablyneedt obet ranslatedconcr et
elybasedon
t
heQur ’anandAs- Sunnahtoavoidmi sunderst
anding.Larson( 2004,165)ment i
oned
t
hat“ Understandingcor r
espondenceoff orm andfunctioniscr uci
altof i
ndinggood
l
exicalequivalents.”

Dat
aNumber2

SLT ِ‫ﻴ‬
‫ﻞ‬ِ
‫ﻔ‬ْ
‫ﻟ‬
‫ﭐ‬ِ‫ﺤ‬
‫ﺐ‬ٰ‫ﺻ‬
َْ‫ﺄ‬
َِ‫ﻚ‬
‫ﺑ‬َ‫ﺑ‬
ُ
َّ‫ﻞ‬
‫ﺭ‬َ‫ﻌ‬
ََ‫ﻒ‬
‫ﻓ‬َ‫ﻴ‬
َْ‫ﺮ‬
‫ﻛ‬ََ‫ﻢ‬
‫ﺗ‬ْ‫ﻟ‬
َ
َ
‫ﺃ‬
﴿١﴾
TLT Hav eyou(O Muhammad‫ﻢ‬ ‫ﻠ‬‫ﻪﻭﺳ‬ ‫ﻴ‬‫ﻠ‬
‫ﻠﻰ ﷲﻋ‬ ‫)ﺻ‬notseenhow yourLord
dealtwit
htheownersoftheElephant?[
TheElephantarmywhi
chcamefr
om
Yemenundert hecommandofAbr ahahAl-
Ashram int
endi
ngt
odestr
oythe
Ka’bahatMakkah]
.[Sur
ah105.Al-Fi
lVerse1,page850]

Anal
ysi
s:
Thewor d“ ِ‫ﻴ‬
‫ﻞ‬ ِ
‫ﻔ‬ْ
‫ﻟ‬
‫ﺐﭐ‬ِ‫ﺤ‬ٰ‫ﺻ‬
َ ْ‫ﺃ‬َ
”wast r
anslatedinto“ theowneroft heEl ephant ”whichis
modi fiedwithbot hf orm“ TheEl ephantarmywhi chcamef rom Yemenundert he
commandofAbr ahahAl -Ashram”andf uncti
on“ intendi
ngt odest royt heKa’ bahat
Makkah” .Thistranslati
onmet hodi st oment ionwhatt heEl ephanti sandwhat
Elephanti sfor
.Ther ewi l
lbeawi sdom behindt heat t
ackofMakkahf ort heQur ai
sh
peopl e.Theyav oidtheEl ephantAr mywhi chi ntendedt odest roytheKa’ bah.Then
Allohper i
shedandt henhumi li
atedt hem,fail
edt heirmission,decei vedt hei rdeeds,
andsentt hem backi nawf ulconditionandf ail
ur e.Theyar et heChr isti
answhose
reli
gionisclosel
yr el
at edtotheQur aish,t
hatiswor shippi
ngi dols.
Thest or
yoft hearmyoftheElephant
s(theQur
’an105:1– 5).Thi
sinci
dent
happeneddur
ingtheper
iodoft
hebirt
h-y
earoft
heProphetMuhammad ‫ﻠﻰ ﷲ‬ ‫ﺻ‬
‫ﻠﻢ‬
‫ﻪﻭﺳ‬
‫ﻴ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻋ‬.AbrahahAl
-Ashr
am wast
hegov
ernorofYemenonbehal
foft
heKi
ngof
Ethi
opi a( asYemenwasapar tofEt hiopi anki ngdom) .He( Abr ahah)t houghtt obui l
d
ahouse( liket heKa’ bahatMakkah)i nSan’ a( thecapi talofYemen)andcal lthe
Arabst oper formt hepi l
gr imaget herei nSan’ ai nst eadoft heKa’ bah( Al-BaitAl -
Haram)i n Makkah,wi tht hei nt ent i
on ofdi ver ting t het radeand benef itsf rom
Makkaht oYemen.Hepr esent edhi si deat ot heKi ngofEt hi opiawhoagr eedt ohi s
i
dea.Sot hehouse( chur ch)wasbui ltandhenamedi tAl -Qul ai s;therewasnochur ch
ofitslikeatt hatt ime.Thenamanf rom t heQur ai sht ri
beofMakkahcamet her eand
wasi nfuriat edbyi t,soher eli
ev edhi snat ure( st ool sandur ine)i nit ,soileditswal l
s
andwentaway .WhenAbr ahahAl -Ashr am saw t hat ,hecoul dnotcont rolhisanger
andr aisedanar myt oi nvadeMakkahanddemol isht heKa’ bah.Hehadi nthatar my
thi
rteenel ephant sandamongstt hem wasanel ephantcal ledMahmudwhi chwas
thebi ggestoft hem.Sot hatt hear mypr oceededandnoneamongstt heAr abt ribes
thatfacedt hem ( foughtagai nstt hem)butwaski l
ledanddef eated, til
litappr oached
nearMakkah.Thent her et ookpl acenegot iationsbet weenAbr ahahAl -Ashram and
thechi efofMakkah( AbdulMut talibbi nHashi m,t hegr andf at heroft hePr opheth) ,
andi twasconcl udedt hatAbr ahahwoul drest oret hecamel sofAbdul Mut t
ali
bwhi ch
hehadt akenaway ,andt henhe( Abr ahahAl -Ashr am)woul ddeci dehi msel fas
regardst heKa’ bah.AbdulMut talibor der edt hemenofMakkaht oev acuat et heci t
y
andgot ot het opoft hemount ainsal ongwi tht hei rwi vesandchi ldreni ncasesome
harm shoul dcomet ot hem f rom t hei nv adingoppr essor s.Thent hatar mymov ed
towar dsMakkaht i
llt heyr eachedv alleyMuhassi r.Whi l
et hear mywasmar ching
towar dsMakkah,i nt hemi ddleoft hev al l
ey,suddenl yi twasov ertakenbyf locksof
bir
ds, fl
ocksaf terflocks, air-r
aidingt hatar mywi t
hsmal l stonessl ight l
ybi ggert hana
l
entilseed.Ther enev erf ellast oneonasol dierexcepti tdi ssol vedhi sfleshand
bursti tintopi eces.Sot heyper i
shedwi t
hat otaldest r uction.Abr ahahAl -
Ashr am
fl
edawaywhi lehi sf l
eshwasbur sti
ngi ntopi ecest illhedi edont heway( backt o
Yemen) .Suchwast hev i
ctor ybest owedbyAl loh,( theAl l-
Maj esti
c,Al l-Power ful)to
thepeopl eofMakkahandsuchwast hepr otect ionpr ov idedbyHi mf orHi sHouse
(Ka’bahi nMakkah) .(SeeTaf sirIbnKat hir,Sur ahAl -Fil).

Dat
aNumber1

SLT ِ‫ﻄ‬
‫ﺐ‬َ‫ﺤ‬
َ‫ﻟ‬
ْ
‫ﭐ‬َ
‫ﺔ‬َ
‫ﻟ‬
‫ﺍ‬
َ
ّ
‫ﻤ‬َ‫ۥ‬
‫ﺣ‬ ُ
‫ﻪ‬
ُ
‫ﺗ‬َ
‫ﺃ‬
َ
‫ﺮ‬ْ
‫ﻣ‬‫ﭐ‬
َ
‫ﻭ‬﴿٤
﴾
 TLT Andhi
swi
fe,
too,
whocar
ri
eswood(
t nsofSa’
hor danwhi
chsheusedt
oput
ont
hewayoft heProphet‫ﻢ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻪﻭﺳ‬ ‫ﻴ‬
‫ﻠ‬‫ﷲﻋ‬ ‫ﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺻ‬,oruset
osl
anderhi
m).
[
Sur
ah111.Al
-MasadVerse4,
page854]

Anal
ysi
s:

Thewor
d“ِ‫ﻄ‬
‫ﺐ‬ َ‫ﺤ‬
َ‫ﻟ‬ْ
‫ﭐ‬”i
str
anslatedint
oagenericword“wood”andmodi f
iedwi
thform
“t
hor
nsofSa’
dan”andf
unction“whichsheusedtotoputont hewayoftheProphet
‫ﻠﻢ‬‫ﻪﻭﺳ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻠﻰ ﷲﻋ‬ ‫ﺻ‬,oruset oslanderhi
m.” Mujahi
dsaid,‘car
ri
eswood’means
thatsheusedtosl
ander(
theProphet‫ﻢ‬‫ﻠ‬
‫ﻪﻭﺳ‬ ‫ﻴ‬‫ﻠ‬
‫ﷲﻋ‬ ‫ﻠﻰ‬
‫)ﺻ‬andgoesaboutwi
th
calumni
es.(
SeeTaf
sirI
bnKathi
r,Sur
ahAl
-Masad)
.

4. AGener
icWor
dwi
thCompar
ison

I
nt hetransl ati
onofI sl
amicterms,gener i
cwor dst hatcont ri
butet othenearest
meaningofgener ictermsar ebadl
yneeded.Manyt ranslatorsusedi ff
erentwaysin
t
ransl
ati
ngI slamict er
mst hatprobablyneedt obet ranslatedconcr et
elybasedon
t
heQur anandAs-
’ Sunnaht oavoi
dmi sunder
standing.Lar son( 2004,168)mentioned
t
hat“Thef orm andf unct
ionarenotmadeexpl ici
t,butr ather,acompar i
sonismade
t
osomet hingwhi chi salreadywell
knowni nt her eceptorl anguageandf orwhich
t
hereisal exicalit
em. ”

Dat
aNumber2

SLT ﴿‫ﻥ‬
َ‫ﻮ‬ُ‫ﺎ‬
‫ﻋ‬َ
‫ﻤ‬ْ
‫ﻟ‬
‫ﭐ‬َ‫ﻮ‬
‫ﻥ‬ ُ
‫ﻌ‬
َ
‫ﻨ‬ْ
‫ﻤ‬َ
‫ﻳ‬
َ
‫ﻭ‬٧﴾
TLT Andpr
eventAl
-Ma’un(smal
lki
ndnessesl
i
kesal
t,sugar
,wat
er)
.[Sur
ah107.
Al
-Ma’
unVerse7,page852]

Anal
ysi
s:

Thewor d“ َ‫ﻮ‬
‫ﻥ‬ ُ‫ﺎ‬
‫ﻋ‬ َ
‫ﻤ‬ْ
‫ﻟ‬
‫ﭐ‬”istransl
atedwi t
hal oanwor d“Al-Ma’ un”modifi
edwithagener i
c
wor d“smallki
ndnesses”wi t
hcompar i
son“li
kesalt,sugar ,water
.”Thisversemeans
thattheydonoteitherdogooddeedsi nworshippingAl lohnortheyhelpot her
swi t
h
Al-Ma’un(useabl
et hi
ngsi ndail
yli
fe).Theydonotl etotherpeopl euseitev ent
hough
theiruseablethi
ngwi llber et
urnedt othem.Thesepeopl ewillabsol
utel
ypr ev
ent
Zakatandmanyot hergooddeeds.Al -Mas’udinarratedf r
om Salamahi bnKuhai l
,
from Abul‘Abi
dinthatIbnMas’ udwasonceaskedaboutAl -Maun,thenheanswer ed,
“Toolsthatareborrowedandr et
urnedamongstpeopl e, theyareaxe,fr
yingpan,pail
andot herusefult
ools.I bnAbiNaj i
hsai dfr
om Muj ahid,from Ibn‘Abbast heword
“َ‫ﻮ‬
‫ﻥ‬ ُ‫ﺎ‬
‫ﻋ‬ َ
‫ﻤ‬ْ
‫ﻟ‬
‫ﭐ‬”means househol d appl
iances.The t anslation ofAl -
Ma’un should be
householdappli
anceswhilei
ntheQur’
anthet
ransl
ati
onissmall
kindnessesl
ikesal
t,
sugar,water
.Eventhoughthosethi
ngsli
kesal
t,sugar
,waterar
epar tofhousehol
d
appli
ancesthatareuseful
fordai
l
yli
fe.

Dat
aNumber5

SLT ‫ﺎ‬
َ
‫ﻬ‬‫ﻴ‬
ِ‫ﻞ‬
‫ﻓ‬ َ‫ﻌ‬
َ
َ‫ﺕ‬
‫ﺟ‬ ِ‫ﺮ‬
ٰ
ََ
‫ﻤ‬
َ
ّ
‫ﺜ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﭐ‬ِ‫ﻛ‬
ّ
‫ﻞ‬ُ‫ﻣﻦ‬
َِ‫ﺍ‬
‫ﻭ‬ ً
‫ﺮ‬
ٰ
َ
‫ﻬ‬ْ
‫ﻧ‬َ
‫ﺃ‬
َ‫ﻰ‬
‫ﻭ‬َ‫ﺳ‬
ِ‫ﻭ‬ٰ
َ
َ‫ﺎ‬
‫ﺭ‬ َ
‫ﻬ‬‫ﻴ‬
ِ‫ﻞ‬
‫ﻓ‬ َ‫ﻌ‬
ََ‫ﻭ‬
‫ﺟ‬َ‫ﺽ‬
َ‫ﺭ‬َْ
‫ﺄ‬
ْ
‫ﻟ‬
‫ﭐ‬َ
ّ
‫ﺪ‬َ‫ﺬﻯ‬
‫ﻣ‬ ِ
َ
ّ
‫ﻟ‬‫ﭐ‬َ
‫ﻮ‬ُ‫ﻭ‬
‫ﻫ‬َ
﴿‫ﻥ‬َ‫ﻭ‬ُ
‫ﺮ‬
َ
ّ
‫ﻜ‬َ
‫ﻔ‬َ
‫ﺘ‬
َ‫ﻡ‬
‫ﻳ‬ٍْ
‫ﻮ‬َ
‫ﻘ‬ِ
ّ
‫ﻟ‬
ٍ‫ﻳ‬
‫ﺖ‬ ٰ
َ
‫ﺍ‬َ
‫ﺀ‬َ‫ﻚ‬
‫ﻝ‬َ‫ﻟ‬
ِ
ٰ‫ﻓﻰ‬
َ
‫ﺫ‬ ِ‫ﻥ‬
َ‫ﺇ‬
ِّ‫ﺭ‬
َ‫ﺎ‬
َ
‫ﻬ‬َ
ّ
‫ﻨ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﭐ‬َ‫ﻴ‬
‫ﻞ‬َْ
ّ
‫ﻟ‬
‫ﭐ‬‫ﺸﻰ‬
ِ‫ﻐ‬
ُْ‫ﻦ‬
‫ﻳ‬ِ‫ﻴ‬
َْ
‫ﻨ‬
ْ
‫ﺛ‬‫ﭐ‬ِ‫ﻴ‬
‫ﻦ‬ْ
َ‫ﻭ‬
‫ﺟ‬ َْ
‫ﺯ‬
٣﴾
TLT AnditisHeWhospr eadoutt heeart
h,andpl acedt herei
nfirm mountai
nsand
ri
versandofev eryki
ndoff rui
tsHemadeZawj ainIthnai
n( t
woi npair
s–may
meant woki ndsori tmaymean:oft wov ar
ieti
es,e. g.bl
ackandwhi te,sweet
andsour ,smallandbi g)
.Hebr i
ngsthenightasacov erovertheday.Veri
ly
,in
thesethi
ngs, t
her eareAyat(proof
s,evi
dences, lessons,si
gns, et
c.)f
orpeople
whor efl
ect.[
Sur ah13.Ar-Ra’
dVerse3,page320]

Analysis:
Thewor d“ ِ‫ﻴ‬
‫ﻦ‬ َْ
‫ﻨ‬
ْ
‫ﺛ‬‫ﻦﭐ‬ِ‫ﻴ‬
َْ‫ﻭ‬
‫ﺟ‬ َْ
‫ﺯ‬”ist ranslated intoal oan wor d“ZawjainIt
hnain”and
modi fi
edwi t
hagener i
cwor d“t woi npai rs–maymeant wokinds”andacompar ison
“oftwov ari
eti
es,e.g.blackandwhi te,sweetandsour ,smal landbig.
”Allohhas
createdany thi
nginpairsi nthiswor ldt ol etmentakel ear
nf r
om HisSigns.From
man( Adam)andwoman( Eve),Hecr eatedmanymenandwomen.Thedayf ormen
toear nal i
vi
ngandani ghtasacov erforment orest.AndAl l
ohhasgivenusar eal
exampl eofcr eat
ionfrom not hing( Hecr eatedAdam byHi sRightHands)andt he
creati
onofI sa(Jesus)from Mar iam ( withouthusband)t oshow how Powerfulis
Alloh‫ﻞ‬ ‫ﻭﺟ‬ ‫ﺰ‬‫(ﻋ‬HecreateswhatHewi ll
).

5. AGener i
cWor dwithaDescript
ivePhrase
I
nt het ranslati
onofI slamicterms,gener i
cwor dst hatcont ri
butet othenear est
meani ngofgener i
ctermsarebadlyneeded.Manyt r
anslatorsusedi ff
erentwaysi n
translati
ngI slamict er
mst hatprobablyneedt obet ranslatedconcr et
elybasedon
theQur ’anandAs- Sunnahtoavoidmi sunderst
anding.Larson( 2004,165)ment i
oned
that“ Understandingcor r
espondenceoff orm andfunctioniscr uci
altof i
ndinggood
l
exi calequivalents.”

Dat
aNumber4

SLT ﴿‫ﺔ‬
ٌ
َ
‫ﻌ‬ِ‫ﺧ‬
‫ﺸ‬ٰ‫ﺬ‬
ٍَِ
‫ﺌ‬
َ
‫ﻣ‬ْ
‫ﻮ‬َ‫ﻩ‬
‫ﻳ‬ٌ‫ﻮ‬
ُ‫ﻭ‬
‫ﺟ‬ ُ
٢﴾
TLT Somef aces,
thatDaywi
l
lbehumil
iated(i
ntheHell
-fi
re,
i.
e.t
hefacesofall
di
sbel
ievers,
JewsandChri
sti
ans)
.[Surah88.Al
-Ghashi
yahVer
se2, page
831]

Anal
ysi
s:
Theword“ٌ
‫ﻩ‬‫ﻮ‬ُ‫ﻭ‬
‫ﺟ‬ُ”ist
ranslatedintoagener
icwor d“somefaces”butt
histr
ansl
ati
on
usi
ngadescri
pti
vephrase“ thefacesofal
ldisbeli
ever
s,JewsandChr i
sti
ans.
”Iti
s
obl
igat
oryt
ohaveBel
iefintheMessengershi
poft hePr Muhammad ‫ﻠﻰ ﷲ‬
ophet( ‫ﺻ‬
‫ﻠﻢ‬
‫ﻪﻭﺳ‬
‫ﻴ‬‫ﻠ‬‫)ﻋ‬.Narrat
edbyAbuHurai
rah‫ﻪ‬
‫ﻨ‬‫ﺭﺿﻰ ﷲﻋ‬ :Al
l sMessenger‫ﻠﻰ ﷲ‬
oh’ ‫ﺻ‬
‫ﻠﻢ‬
‫ﻪﻭﺳ‬
‫ﻴ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻋ‬said:“ByHim(Al
loh)i
nWhoseHandMuhammad’
ssouli
s,ther
eisnone
from amongstt
heJewsandt heChr i
sti
ans( ofthesepresentnati
ons)whohears
aboutmeandt hendieswi
thoutbel
ievi
ngi nt heMessagewi thwhichIhav
ebeen
sent(i.
e.I
slami
cMonothei
sm),buthewi llbef r
om thedwel l
ersofthe(
Hel
l)Fi
re.
”
(Sahi
hMuslim,t
heBookofFai
th,Vol
.1,ChapterNo.240).

Nar ratedAbuMusa‫ﻪ‬ ‫ﻨ‬‫ﺭﺿﻰ ﷲﻋ‬ :ThePr ophet‫ﻢ‬ ‫ﻠ‬‫ﻪﻭﺳ‬ ‫ﻴ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻠﻰ ﷲﻋ‬ ‫ ﺻ‬said:“ The
exampl e ofMusl ims,Jews and Chr i
stians i sl ike the exampl e ofa man who
empl oyedlabour erstowor kf orhi mf rom mor ningt i
l
lnightf orspeci fi
cwages.They
wor kt i
llmid-dayandt hensai d,‘Wedonotneedy ourmoneywhi chy ouhav efixedf or
usandl etwhatev erwehav edonebeanul l
ed. ’Themansai dt othem,‘ Don’tquitthe
wor k,butcompl etether est ofi tandt akey ourf ullwages. ’Butt heyr ef
usedand
wentaway( l
iket heJewswhor efusedt obel iev eint heMessageofJesus‫ﻢ‬ ‫ﻠ‬‫ﻪﺳ‬ ‫ﻴ‬‫ﻠ‬‫)ﻋ‬.
Themanempl oy edanot herbat chaf terthem andsai dt othem, ‘
Compl etether estof
thedayandy ourswi llbethewagesIhadf ixedf orthef ir
stbat ch.’So, t
heywor kedt il
l
thet imeof‘ Asrpr ayer.Theysai d,‘Letwhatwehav edonebeannul ledandkeept he
wagesy ouhav epr omisedf ory our self!’Themansai dtot hem, ‘
Compl etether estof
thewor k,asonl yal i
tt
leoft hedayr emai ns’:butt heyr efused( li
ket heChr i
sti
answho
refusedt obeli
ev eintheMessageofMuhammad‫ﻢ‬ ‫ﻠ‬‫ﻪﻭﺳ‬ ‫ﻴ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻠﻰ ﷲﻋ‬ ‫)ﺻ‬.Thereafter,
heempl oyedanot herbat cht owor kf orther estoft hedayandt heywor kedf orthe
restoft hedayt i
llsunset,andt heyr eceiv edt hewagesoft het wof or merbatches.So
thatwast heexampl eoft hesepeopl e( Musl i
ms)andt heexampl eoft hisl i
ght
[I
slami cMonot heism,t heQur ’
an,t heSunnah( l
egalway soft hePr ophet ‫ﻠﻰ ﷲ‬ ‫ﺻ‬
‫ﻠﻢ‬
‫ﻪﻭﺳ‬
‫ﻴ‬‫ﻠ‬‫)ﻋ‬andt
hegui
dancewhi ophetMuhammad ‫ﻢ‬
chPr ‫ﻠ‬
‫ﻪﻭﺳ‬
‫ﻴ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻠﻰ ﷲﻋ‬
‫ﺻ‬
brought]whi chtheyhav eacceptedwi l
li
ngly.”(SahihAl -
Bukhari,Vol
.3,HadithNo.471)
TheJewsr efusedtobel i
ev eint heMessageof‘ Isa( Jesus),soal ltheirwor kwas
annull
ed;si mi l
arl
y,theChr isti
ansr efusedt oacceptt heMessageofMuhammad
‫ﻠﻢ‬‫ﻪﻭﺳ‬ ‫ﻴ‬ ‫ﻠ‬
‫ﻠﻰ ﷲﻋ‬ ‫ ﺻ‬andt hustheirwor kwasannul l
edt oo.Suchpeopl ewer enot
rewarded,becauset heyrefusedt ohav et r
uef ait
hf ort herestoftheirli
vesanddi ed
asdisbelievers.Theyshouldhav ebel i
evedi nthelat estMessage; f
ort hei
ri nsi
stence
onkeepi ngt hei
roldr el
i
giondepr ived them oft her ewar dwhichtheywoul dhavegot
forthei
rpr eviousgooddeedsachi evedbef oretheadv entofthenewr eli
gion.Ont he
otherhand, Musl i
msaccept edandbel ievedinal lt
het hreeMessagesanddeser veda
ful
lrewar dfortheircompletesur rendertoAl loh(Al-Qast al
ani,
Vol.4,Page133) .

DataNumber12
SLT ﴿‫ﻦ‬
ِ‫ﻴ‬
ِ
‫ﻘ‬َ
‫ﻴ‬ْ
‫ﻟ‬
‫ﭐ‬َ‫ﻠ‬
‫ﻢ‬ْ
ِ‫ﻥ‬
‫ﻋ‬َ‫ﻮ‬ُ
‫ﻤ‬
َ
‫ﻠ‬ْ
‫ﻌ‬َ‫ﻮ‬
‫ﺗ‬َْ
‫ﻟ‬
‫ﺎ‬َ
ّ
‫ﻠ‬
َ
‫ﻛ‬٥﴾
TLT Nay!I
fy ouknewwit
hasur eknowledge(theendresultofpi
li
ngup,you
wouldnothavebeenoccupiedyoursel
vesinwordlythi
ng).[
Surah102.At
-
TakathurVer
se5,page848]
Analysis:
Thewor d “ِ‫ﻴ‬
‫ﻦ‬ ِ
‫ﻘ‬َ
‫ﻴ‬ْ
‫ﻟ‬
‫ﻢﭐ‬
َ‫ﻠ‬
ِْ”i
‫ﻋ‬ st r
ansl
atedi ntoagener i
cwor d“asureknowl edge”and
modi fi
edwi t
hadescripti
vepharse“ t
heendr esultofpili
ngup,y ouwoul dnothav e
beenoccupi edyour
selvesinwordl
yt hing.”Thegener i
cwor d“asur eknowl edge”i s
unclearandneededt obeexpl ai
nedbyadescr ipti
vephr ase.Thephr ase“theend
resultofpil
li
ngup”meanst heendofl if
eordeat ht hatmostpeopl eforgettot hink
abouti t.Mostpeoplear einagr eatl ossexceptt hosewho bel i
evei nIslami c
monot heism anddori
ghteousgooddeeds,andr ecommendoneanot hertotht ruth
andr ecommendoneanot hertopati
ence.

4.
2TheNumberandPer
cent
ageoft
heDat
a

NO TRANSLATI
ONSTRATEGI
ES NUMBER PERCENTAGE

1 AGener
icWor
dwi
thFor
m 13 17.
11%

2 AGener
icWor
dwi
thFunct
ion 13 17.
11%

3 AGener
icWor
dwi
thbot
hFor
m andFunct
ion 10 13.
15%

4 AGener
icWor
dwi
thCompar
ison 13 17.
11%

5 AGener
icWor
dwi
thaDescr
ipt
ivePhr
ase 27 35.
52%

TOTAL 76 100.
00%

4.
3ThePi
eChar
toft
heDat
a
 BI
BLI
OGRAPHY

Al
-Hi
l
ali
,MuhammadTaqi
-ud-
Din,
Dr.danDr nKhan.1418AH.TheNobl
.MuhammadMuhsi e
Qur
’an:Engl
i
shTr
ansl
ati
onoft
heMeani
ngsandComment
ary
.Ki
ngFahdCompl
exf
or
t
hePr
int
ingoft
heHol
yQur
’an.Madi
nahMunawwar
ah,
K.S.
A.
,Mona.2002.I
Baker nOt
herWor
ds:A Cour
seBookonTr
ansl
ati
on.USA andCanada:
Rout
ledge.
Cambr
idge Adv
anced Lear
ner
’s Di
cti
onar
y.2008.Thi
rd Edi
ti
on.Si
ngapor
e:Cambr
idge
Uni
ver
sit
yPr
ess.
wood,JAdanHM Nahmad.2005.ANew Ar
Hay abi
cGr
ammaroft
heWr
it
tenLanguage.
London:
LundHumpr
iesPubl
i
sherLt
d.
Lar
son,
Mil
dredL.2004.Meani
ng-
BasedTr
ansl
ati
on.Lanham:Uni
ver
sit
yPr
essofAmer
ica.
Lest
er,
JamesD.
,JamesD.Lest .2003.Pr
erJr inci
plesofWr
it
ingResear
chPaper
s.Pear
son
educat
ion,
Inc.
LongmanDi
cti
onar
yofEngl
i
shLanguageandCul
tur
e.2002.Essex:LongmanGr
oupUK
Li
mit
ed.
St
evens,
All
anM.
,AEd.Schmi
dgal
l
-Tel
l
ings.2008.ACompr
ehensi
veI
ndonesi
an-
Engl
i
sh
Di
cti
onar
y.Jakar
ta:
MizanMedi
aUt
ama.