$3.95 THE TRUMPETER Journal of Ecosophy Fall 89 ENVIRONMENTS, BOUNDARIES, GESTALTS AND WORLD-VIEWS. LightStar P.O, Box 5853, Su, B, Victoria, B.C. Canada V8R 6S8 ISSN 0832-6193PUBLISHER LightStar Press Victoria, B.C. Canada EDITORIAL STAFF Alan R. Drengson, Editor in Chief Victoria Stevens, Managing Editor Editorial Address! ‘The Trumpeter P.O, Box 5853 Sin B Victoria, B.C. Canada V8R 688 For full list of Consulting Editors-Referees, sec inside of back cover. Published quarterly, supported entirely by the Canadian Ecophilosophy Network subscribers. ‘The Aim of The Trumpeter is o provide a diversity of perspec Lives on environmental relationships and Nature. By “diversity wwe mean cross- and uansdisciplinary reflections from both scholarly and nonscholarly sources. Our purpose is toanvestigate Geep ecological philosophy as this manifests itself in the ac- Livi and ives of people working in different ways to come to a deeper and more harmonious relationship between self, com- munity and Nature. The Trumpeter is dedicated to exploration ‘of and contributions toa new ecological consciousness and sen- sibilities, and the practice of forms of life imbued with ecosophy (ecological harmony and wisdom). Published Quarterly by LightStar Press, P.O. Box $853, Sin B., Victoria, B.C., Canada VER 688, BACK ISSUES: Vols. 1 -5 are still available. Vol. 1, presents ‘basic ecophilosopical concepts and reading lists; Vol. 3 features a three issue focus on ecoagriculture; Vol. 3 has a three issue focus on wildemess; Vol. 4 features articles on love, sex, ecol- 089 of self, ecofeminism, magic, animals, place andancient ccol- ogy: Vol. 5 features papers on parks, deep ecology, bioexuberance, sustainable development, technology, sense of place, Wittgensticn, and paganism, Each volume of back issues 18 S12 for volumes 1 & 2, $14.00 for 3, 4 & 5. Includes postage and handiing, bookrate. © of all materials held exclusively by the authors, except for those previously published, as noted in the credits. All rights Subscription Information: We need your financial and other Support to continue publication. All subscriptions are due the first quarter of each year, unless other arrangements have been made, The rates for 1989 are $15 Can. in Canada, $15 U.S. to the U'S. 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Victoria, B.C Canada Date of Issue~November 1989 Second Class Mail Registration NO. 7026.THE TRUMPETER Journal of Ecosophy Volume 6 Fall 1989 Number 4 Table of Contents EDITORIAL: WILY ENVIRONMENTAL ETHICS IS NOT ENOUGH ‘Alan R. Drengson 121 ENVIRONMENT, BOUNDARIES, HOLISM AND GESTALTS WHATON EARTHS ENVIRONMENT? 4.Stan Rowe 1B ON ECOREGIONAL BOUNDARIES David McCloskey 1m WHY I DON'T TALK ABOUT ENVIRONMENTAL ETHICS ANYMORE ‘Annie Booth i ECOSOPHY AND GESTALT ONTOLOGY ‘Aine Nees DU he TOWARD AN ECOLOGICAL EPISTEMOLOGY POR PSYCHOLOGY Deborah A. Klesse BT WORLD-VIEWS AND CROSS-CULTURAL PERSPECTIVES WORLD VIEWS AND ENVIRONMENTAL ETHICS... Gilber F,LaFreiere 144 ENVIRONMENTAL ETHICS IN LATIN AMERICA: IN SEARCH OF A UTOPIAN VisiON Eduardo Gudynes 151 ‘THE CONTRIBUTION OF MAORI COSMOLOGY TO A REVISION OF ENVIRONMENTAL PHILOSOPHY. Robert Hay 156 HUMANS AND NATURE IN CiRISTIANITY AND BUDDHISM ‘AbeMasao 0202122271 i@2 ZEN MEDITATION WESTERN STYLE. u Hans Ringrose 165 ‘THE TAO-ILLUMINATIONS AND CORRECTIONS OF THE WAY JosephNecdham ©2111 ‘166 CHRISTIAN STEWARDSHIP Cavin DeWitt 0 POETRY FROM WASSON PEAK Beth Fox veeeell ‘THESILENCEDRINGERS' | || David Spareniberg im, ‘TIKKUN (REPAIR) INTHE PARKING LOT. ° Helene Kesha 1m THE LAST WORDS OF EUWA, THE LAST WHITE RHINOCEROS Helene Kasha m EDITORIAL: WHY ENVIRONMENTAL ETHICS IS NOT ENOUGH Alan R. Drengson “Two major themes run through the environmental literature of the last thre decades. One ofthese centers on solving problems by means of technical and technological change. Here is where ‘most ofthe institutional effort has been made. Technical chan- ges do not demand tat we alter our basic values, but that we ‘modify our procedures so that we behave in more efficient ways. ‘The other theme centers around values. Here there isan examina- tion of the ends and justifications for actions which affect the en- vironment. Clustered around this center are debates about environmental ethics, whether ornot natural entities have intrin- sic worth, and how we should modify our actions by means of ‘anenvironmental ethic--understood asa code. A dominantthrust of thiseffort is to extend human ethics to the biosphere, for, itis argued, human persons are moral agents dependent onafourish- © 1989 by LighiStar Pres ISSN 0832-6193 ing biosphere. Thus, obligations to human persons, present and Future, give rise to obligations to act so as not to cause the bio: sphere harm, In this Fall issue we return to questions which arise out of the failures ofthe two approaches described above. There isa grow- ing body of critique of modern Western culture which is ad- dressed to its fundamental philosophy or worldview. It claimed that its values, life styles, and practices are grounded on an underlying, taken-for-granted worldview, which influences all that we do, so that no matter how we technically modify in- stitutions, and no matter how we restructure legal and moral decision’ making, the end results will be shaped by this ‘worldview, since it conditions our perception and thought. As Buddhist writings have long made clear, actions reflect mind-