Embedded Systems Architecture, Pragramming and Design Second Edition Raj KamalAcknowledgements um money grate my teaches: a the din Iu of Tesbneogy, Dei (1966-72) and the Univrsty of pps, Sweden (1978-79, 198), Tor eahing ne the impenance of searing and theese of Keep ‘rere techn. {would Fhe oth Pok MS Seb. FNA. for his support and blesings ioghoat my scaemic Ie ckoowedgr ny Inder coleaues -D: PC Sharma, Dr?K Chante, Dr Sajee Tolar, Mos Win Tek. Dr A “Snomt, De Maya ng. Dr Sanjay Tawar, Ms Prot Sakon, Ms Sada Masih Ms Apuma Dev, and Ms Vat G “Tearand eter nies seaman, Dr PS Grover Det). De Harvie Singh Sani (Hyderaba), De Radka SGutipauey Dr TV Gopl (Anna Uniersiy) and Dr KM Mea (Annu Univesity)—fr tc constant encourage oeiation of my efits. ar thal to heel ean t MeCeaw ill Edin nda Fortec eviews rd day tect, Lacon ne college Dr MK Sa, Hea. Conger Cre of the Universi. wh wi is ew etion she posed aay dig he as phase ofthe pregrain of his ook, Tool alo ike otha all those viewers who Took ou ie ogo tough the rit and give mete Fendbck, mame re itd belo Ramanaryan Rody sep of Computer Science ond Enginern. te Gandia of Technology He Delhi lita Folare findstan Clee of Sone end Tchelogs. Agra Akhil Kothart dep of Electonics and Conmatiation Engineering ahaa Sin Des Tait of Te: Gar priya Kear ins Isat of Engincerag and eral, imi Adina dep of Ceci oe) Commute and Ergineein ‘uta instina of Engivering we Monee Kola Pipankar Ghosh dep of Elec nd Commanicaton Engineering “Sal Ist of Teta. Roan ehashish De dep af Elecrnnics end Cominco Engineering eahnad Saha ning of Tecate: Kote Finally, F acknowledge my wife, Sisil Mtl and my Family merbecs—Shalin Mita, Necdbi Mital, De At ‘ondskar Dr hip! Konasar and Me Anh Kondaskar—for thee immense love, understanding and sopping Je wong ofthis eee eden P Kabisapathy Dep of Eleconics cn Inaramenaion Engineering, College of Enginering and Tecnology. Bhubaneswar KK Mohapatra Dept of Elecinnic. Neti nttatofTetnolos, Rowe JK Meadiratta Dept ef Electrics and Communication ond Engineering RY. Cale of Eninering.Bangaine la B Das ‘ep of Electronics Engineering National Insite of Tecan Calicut ‘Santa Kumari Dept Feces and Canvnonicaton Engineering “anv Universi, Vb V Mortidharen Dept Commuter Sconce ond Bnei. MS Rone hotioneof Toole, Banglore Josephine P Kumar Dept of Computer Science and Brine. MUI Coleg of Enginecring. Bangalore Stanley Johnson Invense Ina Pt. Lid. Cheoma ro with K Contents Prec tothe Second Edition Prac othe Fist Edition 1. Intraductin to Embedded Systems THE Embedded Systems 12 Presi Eade in 2 System 5 13 Embedded Hardware Units and Devices in Spc 10 14 Embed Soma in a Sytem 19 15 Examples of Emedod Sysem 27 16 Embed Steno chip (Se) and Use of VESI Cit Design Texhaology 29 17 Compler yes Desig al Process 12 [LF Design Process in Entel Spey 17 19 omalzaion of System Design 42 1.10 Design Proves nd Design Examples 43 LIF Clasifiton of Embeoled Systeme 52 12 Skis Reqbired orn bedded Systm Desisner 38 2. $051 and Advanced Proceso Architectures, Memory Organization and Real-world Intrtacing 2I BSI Accent 62 22 Real World nertaing 72 2.3 Inradcton to Adve Archean 214 Procesor and Memory Orpnizaian 25 racion-Level Plea 10 26 Perormance Mees 106, 2.7 Memory Types, Memory-Maps and Adress 105 2.8 Proceuor Slostion 12! 29 Memory Seen 118 5, Device and Communication Bases for Devices Network RI 1O Types and Bam 120 42 Sor Communion Devices 1 43 Parl Device Pons 14 1A SopbistsedItrtacng Fetus in Device ns 150 35. Wels Devies 15! 36 Timer nd Counting Devies 152 47 Welcog Tiree 157 38 Rel Time Cook 139 519 Networked Embed Syoms 139 310 Saial Bus Communion Protea 160 2LI Paral Bs Device role Parallel Communication Network Using ISA. PC, POLX a Advanced Buses (66 412 Inert Enabled Syren Network Prtacls 170 413. Wireless nd Motil Sytem Protocols 175 Device Drivers and Interrupts Service Mechanism ‘$1 Prgms 0 Busywcit Apeeach witout Inert Service Mechanism 189 a ro