Бонев, Ч. - Праславянските Племена 01

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I ()

• 2007
CHAVDAR BONEV
THE PROTO-SLAVIC
TRIBES
PART ONE (A)
Sofia • 2007
&
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! I ()
• 2007
© '
ISBN 978–954–9493–08–5

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-1.

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-2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
-3.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
-4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
-1. ! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
-2. "# . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
-3. $% . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
-3-2. %$% . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
-3-3. $%$ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
-3-4. %$% (
) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
-4-1. &, &$'%, &$ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
-4-2. &*, $&*, *%&* (%&"*), &/ . . . . . . . 46
-5-1. &0, &0, &0, 6#&0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
-5-2. &*0, &'0* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
-5-3. '&0', $&'07 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
-5-4. &0/ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
-6-1. &9, &9, &9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
-6-2. 0&9, 0&'9:-/&97 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
-6-3. $&9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
-6-5. &9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
-7-1. # &!() . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
-7-2. # &!(), #&! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
-7-3. # &! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
-7-4. !&!'% . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
-7-5. # #! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
5
-7-6. # &!#, &!#, &!# . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
-7-7. # &!, &'!, &!, &!", &!, &!$ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
-7-8. ?
@

. &! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
-7-9. &!, &! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
-7-10. &!', &!9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
-7-11. &! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
-7-12. $&!, /&0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
-7-13. $&!, /&!7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
-7-14. "&!, "'&! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
-7-15. "&: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
-7-16. &A!7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
-7-17. &!, &!(&), &7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
-7-18. '&'!7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
-7-19. &!#$ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
-7-20. &!#, &!#, &!#9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
-7-21. #! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
-7-22. #!' . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
-7-23. 0#! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
-8-1. 9!#, 9!#, 0#! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
-9-1. ()/& (0
B 0C$,
0C$) . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
-9-2. /& . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
-9-3. /&7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
-9-4. /& (
) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
-10-1. /#, /#, $"&$ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
-10-2. /#, ?#* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
-10-3. /# . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128
-10-4. /#$, /#D$, /#D$%#9! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
-10-5. /#E, $/# . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
-10-6. /#, /#, /# . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
-10-7. "/# . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
-10-8. !/# . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134
-10-9. /#"#, /## . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134
-11-1. ! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
-11-2. /! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
-11-3. "! ("''0) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153
-11-4. "*!7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160
-11-5. "0& . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162
-12-1. & . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163
-12-2. , $ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164
6
-12-3. $, $:, $:, $ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164
-12-4. # . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167
-13-1. #0, #0$ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
-13-2. #0'E (#0C'E), #0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170
-13-3. #097 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173
-14-1. #$ ($#E) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175
-14-2. #$, #$ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178
-14-3. #$. #* (#) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178
-15-1. #, '#'#'$, 9'# . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181
-15-2. #, #, #7%, #:, #F'D . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184
-15-3. #, #7:' . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186
-15-4. $#& . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187
-15-5. $#&'! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189
-15-6. #E, # . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189
-16-1. #%, #%'!, #%, "#% . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190
-16-2. #%, #E$ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193
-16-3. 0#% . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194
-17-1. #!$, #!$'%, #$! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195
-17-2. #!:, "#! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199
-18-1. #!#, #!# . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200
-18-2. "#!#, '#!#* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202
-19-1. %9, %9, %9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203
-19-2. 0%9, $%9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206
-20. %$, %$, %$# . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207
II-21-1. %!, %!#, %!#0C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212
-21-2. %!/ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218
-21-3. %! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220
-21-4. %! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221
-22-1. !#, '!'# . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 222
-22-2. !# . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223
-22-3. !#, '!#, '!#7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228
-22-4. 0!#-!!# . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 230
-22-5. '!#-!# . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233
-22-6. $!#-$'!# . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233
The Proto-Slavic Tribes (résumé) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 234
&
B
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239
G . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 249
G
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255
G . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 271
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+

: IALPUG, CATALPUG, CATALABUG, CATLABUG [Ist. Roman., II,
384; III, 44; Giurescu, C. Pescuitul, carta]. '
+

– E=",
& #=, ! %
%
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1. ALBA-AK > ALBAK > ALBOK > ALBUK > ALPUK > ALPUG > IALPUG
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(106 ".). &. <
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:
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, . # ) [TIR, L-34, 26].
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% [Proc. De aed., IV, 4, 1–3; ),
436].
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% [< ].
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Geogr. Rav., IV, 22; C. Porph. De adm., 30]. '
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45
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). %

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1124].
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%

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46
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47
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: forum Berleth, Barlath fluvius, Barlath.
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< %

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?
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: êåsèé êár ’ÁëäÞóêïéï êár œäáôá ÐáíôéêÜðáï [Dionys.
Perieg., 314].
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48
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+

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(IÁëäáíåò), # ($) [Proc. De aed.,
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! #

! EÏëäçíïò,

*ïëäá (
(%) [Detsch. Spr., 57, 340], %

+
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A > Ǎ > O ALDA > OLDA.
&
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român., II, 668]. '
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[< , 668–669].
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+
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ALDI:
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2. ALDI > LÄDI > LEDI > LENDI
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IČI > LENDIČI,
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1.
LJADI; 2. LENDI; 3. LENDICI; 4. LENDIČI; 5. LENDJANI.
%
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+

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2. %

$ # != (
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?U'?.
50
3. <
%
% (V@–V@@@ .)
#
%
– UE', U', U'M, U'|, U'E.
II-5-3. ,

+
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% #%"

# , != ( '
)= . ? @–@ .
-

: COLODICI, KOLEDIZI regio, COLODIKI, pagus COLODIKI,

locus COLIDICI (
. Kolditz), CHOLIDIKI [Nied. St. sl., III, 115–116]. <-=
+
#
% U', + ! ALDA.

%
%
.
"
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&U'M
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%!
=%
.
<
!
LADA, -" K (< K) ( .
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LADA,
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LED(A), LOD(A)
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51
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U'F +

U'

-F: ALDA > LADA > LAD-OGA -OGA < OKA < AKA. = !
. U' ( ). * U) ! -
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); Almo [Tab. Peut.,
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IV, 6]. <+
=
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).
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– „ad Almanam urbem...“ [Liv., 44, 26, 7], "
% .
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– ’ÁëìÞíç ðoëéò [St. Byz., 76, 10], %

M
[Detsch. Spr., 12].
4. <

,
. /=$ " ,
( ) , (-
#% – Almus mons [SHA, Prob., 18; Eutrop., IX, 11]; –ñïò ôé EÁëìNí [Dio Cass.,
LV, 30].
5. EÁëìáôáß –
%
+
" ( .) [C. Porph. De
adm., 42].
6. U ,

%
. '#
,

% U= ,
: Almate
[It. Ant., 269, 1]; Lamatis [Tab. Peut., 8; Geogr. Rav., IV, 19]. ? =+ % %
–

+
Almatis > Lamatis.
7. ? " # : IÁëìïò (+
%
%);
EÁëìßíç (# K"
) [%, . <", 89].
"%

ALMA

. *Áëìïò ..
*Ïëìïò ‘#%’ ( . . ulmus). ?

+
=+
#%

" #% [&, . ., 44; /,
.
+
, 341; $,
. ) U, 1703]. '="

#

%
+

. almati ‘
-

’ [Durid. Thr.-dak., 15, 16].

&
ULM(A)

+

:
1. W= – mutatio Ulmo [It. Burd., 566, 5; U, @, 40] –

%
!= ( ,
. |
#",
<
, (#%.
52
2. W= – Ulmos vicus [It. Ant., 131, 3; U, I, 28]; Ulmo [It. Burd., 563,
4] –

% '
<

%
.
, #. ?
.
3. Ulmetum (
); Ï™ëìéô§í [Proc. De aed., IV, 7; ), 441] –
( =) =

. <

(=, #. &

, (

'#=! [TIR, L-35, 75]. '=" % "+

ALMUS
( . almus ‘
’) – ?. $, (. ) -
, '. '+ , /, – &. & , ) [Beš. Prok., 119].
(% , +
ALMA %
. <
+

ALMUS – U)

+

. ". U + -
%

%

%

: ALMA > ALAMA > LAMA > LAM() > LOM().
<
+
% #

+ AL- (
-
), ALA- !

(! #
+

).
*
+

%
= ALMA ! ‘
, -
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%
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-"

:
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U),
+
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-
+
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= *LAM [D, @@@, 297]. &

. . !,

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'
#
-
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(
-
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> Â (
%
).
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+
%: +=
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,
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# ;

. – +=
, $
; . lom –
+.;
;
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– +=
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+.,
; . lom – +=
, $
, ; . *lam [ ,
464]; . lam; . lam; . lahm ‘=, ’.
<
%

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%

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%

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– LAM, LM, LEM, LOM. < -
,
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? +
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'
U "
+
". U =
.
? +
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: U (1454),
U" (1560), . Lomgrad (1701), U
, & U [!, .

, 108]. '

. U
= =
: = –
(1639), % –
% (1777), <= –
% (1591), <% –
[< , 112], . <.
+
#
##
"" % -
% #

% #

-
. <
V@–@V . . . "
==
U) %#
53

DU. <%

'=-
!= ( )
#

# #

. & %
@ . . .

)*, +

, "! , U). <

). U. & 29–28 ". . .
)*
+

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+
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+ -
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+%
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+

% = ,

ALMA. %
=+
-" DA (> DO ‘, , ’)
+
‘ U)’:
DA-ALMA > DALMA.
1. ' (ΔÜëìáôáò) [Proc. De aed., IV, 4; ), 438] – D-

# (
. <
, +
(#%). (
-.
2. ( =" +
, +
% -" ".
= U %#
Dalmana [), 172, #. 137].

=!$ # #

" . ( =
'U)|-FU)M. ? @–@ .
-
: DELEMCHION, DALMATAE, DALMATII, DALAMENSAN, TALAMINZI,
DALMANTIA, DALAMANCI, DALAMINZE, DALMINIZE, DELEMINCI,
DALAMINCI, THALAMINCI, TALEMENCE, provincia DALAMINZA,
DALMATIA pagus, DALMANTIA, DELEMINZE, TALMENCE, THALEMENCHE
[Nied. Sl. st., III, 119].
W +

: „... in provintiam quam nos
Teutonice Deleminci vocamos, sclavi autem Glomaci appellant.“

=#%
, =" %
. U.
%

: „* %

" + " +
– %
-
" + $
–
“ [Nied. Man., I, 453]. '="
% , +

[SSS, 1958, 36].
#%

!

"+

-
+
#

. <

'U)|
!
+

+

# =
. ?

DALMATAE, DALMATII, DALMINZE, DALMINIZE, TALMENCE ! -
ALMA # %
, !

: AL (> ALA) > LA.

+

% !
#%
=
+
-
. (

: 1) -" DA
( . ); 2)
ALMA; 3)
: -ATI; -INICI; -INCI; -ANCI; -ENCI. <

DELEMINCI, TALEMENCE
# A > E ( . $-
!).
54
?

DALAMA
"=

ALAMA
LAMA, "

-" DA.
?+

– DALMA,

+
‘! ’.
'="

: GLOMACI,
GLUMICI, GLOMUZI, ZLOMIZI, ZLOMEKIA. (

Lomatsch
Glomuzi [Nied. St. sl., III, 119–120]. # #
O > U
-
, G > Z +

: -EKI; -ACI; -ICI; -IČI; -UCI.
'="

– GLOMAČI (GLOMACI), ! #

%
%
ALMA,
-" KA (, ,
)
-AČI (-ACI).
D
" +
:
1. KA-ALMA-AKI > KALMAKI > KLAMAKI > KLĂMAKI > KLOMAKI >
GLOMAKI > GLOMAČI ( GLOMACI)
2.
LOM (

ALMA) -" K(A)

-AČI (-ACI): K(A)-LOM-AČI > KLOMAČI > GLOMAČI.
?%
! #

%
% (V@–V@@@
.). < %

+
%
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=
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)
%
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=

%
!
.
„
“
- , =" " =
.
'U)|-FU)M % #%"
U:
"
+

)= ,
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. <- !

#: &
(Corin), '#
(Doblin), F
(Gana), )"
(Mogilina),
)
(Misna).

! ! -
%

)( ()*).
%
(
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(
" %)

U)-U), . . U)
# .
=, # ,
"
# %

# ,
= % %
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#

U)W(-U) %
. <-

U # (# ) #
( !. .
+ ). (
% DD-DD

+ ( !. =
@@-17-1). %
'U)|-FU)M
# !
# "!
+

-
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55
-6-3.
(
GLAMA, GLOMA (

KALMA),

" + < #, " #

%
%
, :
1. D F% <$ ,
<

,
F , %
.
2. GLAMOČ –

%! %.
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%
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-6-4.
<%

%

# =
% ,

ALMA, #
+
%
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U) (U)). % %
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%

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& 213 ". " -
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[Dio Cass., 77, 13, 4]. #
,
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+

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+
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F
% D% [Die Germ., II, 338–
342]. < @@@ @V . $ +

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+
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%
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496 ".
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=
% -

[Die Germ., II, 337–338].

"%

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lmanen
+
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56

#!

: „ '=
+ . U
=,
%
, !, # . U
=
(iuxta Lemannum fluvium),
+
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=#

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+

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+
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-

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: „'=" " – (IΑτλας), (Α¡ρας) # (Τιβίσις),
+

= %
,
57
“ [Hdt., IV, 49; Izvoare, I, 32].

'=
& . #
. $ ($, $),

, ALT(A) –
+

#

– -lt- > -tl-. (

% ' % %

+
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+

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ALT(A) !

# :
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. .
, . &

, D=
'#=! [TIR, L-35, 223].
2. Altina – '
<

% [TIR, L-34, 27].
3. Altinum – '
<

% [< ].
4. Ultinsium vicus (
W=) [Detsch. Spr., 348] – '#=! , #-

=. ! "!

ALT(A) >
OLT(A) > ULT(A).
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– mutatio Latina [It. Burd., 566, 7; U, @, 40] – !=
.
<
<
% (
"=
= – ( . / %
-
ALTINA
AL > LA. < %
333 ".
6. IÁëôïò – % # (=
[Theagenes – Steph. Byz., 78, 18].
(
UW) %
(?. $ ), -
(&. & , ) ),
, (?. $, ) =) [Beš. Prok.,
125].
/ ALT
+
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K"+

%, +

%
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$ =
1372 1392 ". – Alt [DRH, D, I, 103]. <

U() %

(F. < +, . D), (. DL-
),
(. '"
=), (&. & ), (?. $), -
(.
) [Busoioc, R. Câra, 219 . .].
+
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%
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– L ,
'
,

WU ( !. -=).
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/ OLT(A)
+
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+
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ALT(A) – A > Ă > O (> U).

+
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1233 ".

(Olth, Olt), =" $ –
1388 ". (Îëòú).
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=
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(Wëòåö)

,
(Wëòýíè),
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+ ? $

–
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+

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-MAN,

% ( ) % ( !. -=).
58
* U()-U() =

+
D
( ).

DU
% #%"

K"+

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=
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@@ 1224 ". ,

K!

% – BORALT
[Zimmermann-Werner, I, 31; DIR, C, veac. XI–XII, XIII, I, 208–210]. &
+

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%
% : (-<D(& ( !. . + ).
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<
+
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UW. +
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1. EÁëïýôá ôï™ ðïôáìï™ [Ptol., 3, 8, 2; Izvoare, I, 542–543].
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= ’) [Tab. Peut., 7, 5; Izvoare, I,
740–741] –

% != D= = ,

% #%"
.
3. Aluta fluvio [Iord. Get., 74]. '" !
, +

+

+
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% #
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+

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+
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D+
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<
= + #%

<WU(. +
&. <-

%
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%

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ôÞíóéïé) – != U&( (( [Ptol., III, 8, 3; Izvoare, I, 543]. ' -

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+ != K!
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#

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59
# =

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POT-ULAT-
ENSII: 1) POT ! ! PONTE – N (
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" %
ALUT() #
%
"
A-U > U-A. +

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. %
137–138 ". = -
#

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=
+
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Thr., II, 2, 54]. "
+
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+
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Lotriwar (Lotrioara). ?%
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60
+

ALT(A)
-AR. D -

%
+
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1. ALT(A)-AR > ALTAR > ALATAR > LATAR > LATRA > LOTRA (
.
LOTRU)
2. ALT(A)-AR >ALTAR > ALATAR > LATAR #

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) #
+
: UD|,
UD(), . . ‘)
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+
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VII, 2; Izvoare, II, 542–543]. % # !
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+

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: 1. Lytuoy (LITVOJ); 2. Lytuay
(LITVAJ). " %

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+
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(LITVA). ? =+ %
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=, 3)

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63
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%
+
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VLATAVA > VLOTAVA > VLUTAVA (> FLUTAV-) VALTAVA > VOLTAVA >
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-
Z! . 1
,
6/ . .
6 – RAKATI – !
!
+ RATAKI. –
66.
! , +
RATAKI 6-/1266. (
! !, ,
. , -
6 %
! 2
% . 106 . %
.
198
%

%066. ^ # ! , Z

$ (} ),
1(/2), . < f (!. 88-22-2).
ARTA > RATA ! ! .
‘ , ’. (
+ : - (
). 1
0 : 1. $ – (); 2. ; 3. 1 ; 4.
( > ) ‘ ’; 5. ; 6. ‘ ’; 7.
( > ). % [&!(#, ). 0 , 57, 127–128, 149].
2
. % ( ) .
ARTA > RATA ! -
: 1. , k! 0; 2. 3( (Rotava)
< ARTA -AVA: ARTA-AVA > ARTAVA > RATAVA >
ROTAVA.

( . ðàòú ‘ , ! ’)
5 # 'V–'V888 .: ,
Ö – $ [DRH, B, XI]; , Ö [DRH, B, XXIV]; Ö, [DRH, B,
IV]; [DRH, B, V].
-17-2. +, 0+
1

-
ARTA
, , . 0 -
#
6} 6
'. %
-
,
ARTA,
! Z
! ! .
# + !

. C / -
(
)
! . /
!

! ARTA ‘, , ’.
5

: 6, -
$ ', . /,
. 6
,

!

(
) .
( 0 . $ %167 (Rednitz), /C167
(Pegnitz), 0%167 (Badnitz) /^ ,
V888
. „terra Sclavorum, regio Sclavorum“, # – moin-vinidi Ratanz-
vinidi [Nied. Sl. st., III, 83; Man., I, 135]. (
„
“

VENDI-VINIDI

-
!. /
RATANZ-VINIDI, . .
176. 1
RATANCI !
ARTA !
199
-ANCI, -ANI -(A)CI : ARTA-ANCI > ARTANCI >
RATANCI.
( ( #) 3 (3). 1 !

ARTA - VA (.
, ): VA-ARTA > VARTA. ^ : ‘ ( , ) () ’.
+
VARTI,
.
-18-1. +, +
< % 2

0. (
, !

766}. (
+ :
1. Ulp(iae) Ratiar(iae) ex Moesia Superior [CIL, III, 7429, 9]
2. Retiaria [CIL, VIII, 2871]
3. ‘Ñáôéáñßá Ìõó§í êïëùíßá [Ptol., III, 9, 3]
4. ‘Ñáæáñßá [Hierocl., 655, 2]
5. Ratiaria [It. Ant., 219, 3; Not. Dign., XLII, 38]
6. Ratiaris [Tab. Peut., VII, 5 ; Geogr. Rav., IV, 7]
7. Retiariae [Cod. Iust., 4, 33, 3, 6]
8. ‘Ñáôçñßáí [Theoph. Sim., 1, 8, 10; Beš. Prok., 119].
6

. 2 (. #
-

. ratiarius ‘!’ ratiaria ‘’ [Tom. Thr., II, 2, 69]. % ,
. < (<67) +
766}. %
+ ad – a(d)
Ratiaria(m) [0/, 8]. 2 + -
.
2, +

ARTA
-AR (!. . 2 ). $
-AR (62, f). 2
ARTAR().
– ARTARI.

. .
$ „
“. 6 !
+ .
,
: ARTAR() > RATAR(A).
,
$
(15 . .
'.)
+ % % . ^

+ –
ratis ‘’, rataria ‘ ’. 6
!, + RATAR()

.
+ RATIARIA

.
% # + ARČAR !
, + ARTAR.
200
T > Č. (
$, ,

T > C (. . $ ). T > C, T > Č
! , , . . $, . ,
. ; . " – , " – .

-
:
( ARTAR + -
ARTARI,
( ) 6^6/.
$ ARTAR
.
29–28 . . '. . f.

. 2
! 6^6/. (

!
.
15 . . '. ,

, . 6/,
$ 6^6}.
$ -766} - ( 888 .)
$ ! %. < -
! 29 . . '. 15 . . '.
% .
2
6 /. -
6 (%6) . %3C32 (Riedigost),
/. 6

RATARA. 6/ fZ-
Z
/. (
' . +
: RIADRI, REDERI, RIEDERE, RIDERA, RADIUR, RADWER, RIADRERI,
REDARI, REDARII, REDARES, RIADURI, REDERARI, RETHARII, RETHERI,
pagus RIEDIRUN. C RETRA, RETHRA ( RIEDEGOST). ( -
PETRA REDEGAST (RADIGAST) [Nied. Sl.
st., III, 138–139].
0 (RETHARII, RETHERI)
(RETRA, RETHRA) , !
(RADUIR, RADWER), ! -
+ – RATARI.
Ä Ä > E,
T
– T > D; RATARI > RETARI > REDARI > REDERI >
RIDERI. ( AR-RA

, : RETAR(A) > RETRA. -/
766} – . 2, 7
+ ,
- .
2 -

,
rat ‘ ’ -ar: *ratar ‘ , ’ (6. -
+).

6 /
. (
2 / $ 6^6. %
-
201
– f (f3),

/.
%f/6176/-Cf3<6 (!. ).
2 6/
Z % :
1. C 6 2, Z! 2 . %
[TIR, L-34, 95].
2. 676, # , k! [$!, . ^-
, 209].
-18-2. 0+, +:
( % &/6}:

„1-
% ... & (Öñáôåñßá) 49º30´–
44º30´...“ Ptol., III, 8, 4; Izvoare, I, 546–547].
2 &/6} -
61 (49º–44º45´)
5631 (50º–44º45´),
&/6}. 6
. 3 . ! 5631
– . j (!. ).

&/6} Z! 3 , . .

(<) (766}).
. k 8 $ %-
,
2/f3(/
(ÊáóôåëëïâñÝôáñá) [Proc. De aed., IV, 4, 1–3; 6, 437]. (
!
0/.
3 . &/6}, , !
. 1
!

ARTAR - -VA, . , : VA-ARTAR > VARTAR
> VRATAR(I) > VRATER(I) > FRATERI(A). ! -
– VRATARI
‘! ( , ) () ’. 2

!
% : VA-ARTAR(A) >
VARTAR(A) > VRATAR(A) > VRETARA. $

. (

< .
. (67. -

VARTARI-VRATARI,

(<). -
-
# 6-6.

6/ 8 . C (6-(6 -

%. -
( – -
+ – FRATERIA. ( -

. -
- – 106 .
% !
-
(6 . 3
270–275 .,
$ Z % .
202
$ ! % 2
%,
% .
( C

1/6}16: „
, ! -
, (Íåñôéñåáíïß), , !
“ [Ptol., II, 11, 11; Izvoare, I, 534–535].
1/6}16/ ! 2 / 2 .
0

Z -
$ 2 /, ! /.

. !
ARTAR, -
NA (. ) -ANI: NA-ARTAR(E)-ANI > NARTAR(E)ANI >
NARTER(E)ANI > NERTER(E)ANI > NERTIR(E)ANI. ^ : ‘! ( ,
) () ’.
(
1/6}16/

$ 2 % / – 6^6 (6216, 641616), 6,
f6 (%f/6176-Cf3<6). (
! 1/6}16/
6/. !
8–88 . % %

$

. 1/6}16/ -
/,
,
-
.
-19-1. &, &, &
32 % – ( } . 3 -

$ 0 < 3
7 2
( ). 32 % . 3.
2: „...
/, '-
– 5, (Asamus), I“ [Plin. N. h., III, 26, 149; 6, 267]. -
– 552 (() I//52 (} ).
( . . ) + : 1.
Ansamo [Not. Dign. Occ., 40, 19]; 2. Anasamo [Tab. Peut., VIII, 1]; 3. Ansamon [Geogr.
Rav., 189, 14]; 4. ’Áóçìï™ò [Prisc. Exc. de legat. (de Boor), p. 577]; ’Áóçìá, IÁóç-
ìïò [Theoph. Sim., VIII, 6].
(

+ IÏóìïò [Detsch. Spr.,
31]. ( 3

:
1. 2 3 C – . . C, , Z! .
f
2. 2 3 – . $.
1 + !
ASAMA

: ASAMA > ASMA > OSMA ASAMA > ASAM > OSAM >
OSÂM.
203
6
: 1. ASEMA (
+ ASAMA A > E). 2 (. C + IÁóçìïò
Tóçìïò ‘’ [
!, 0#. . ., 32].
2. ANSAMO (ANASAMO) –

! -
: 1) ; 2) - NA,
(A)NA (. ). ^ : ‘ 2’, . . , . 2.
/
*asm’,
*ak’(a)mon ‘’ ( . asman).
!
. Asamus %$, ‘ ’.

Lapida . lapis, -idis ‘’ [
-
!, 0#. . ., 32]. ( 2 < 21,
21, 3231,

.
(
$ , ASAMA-ASMA , -
,
. ( 2
, 2, 32 [<
, . 1
-
, 182]. 1 1686 . $ –
„Osmus sive Sladritz“.
! $
2 [Beševliev, B. Orographie, 160].
Osmus
-
2 – 3. ( ! ! . 2f61,

!
, 2. 3 -
– 2f167, Sladritz.
6 ASAMUS %$ ! !
, .
ASAMA-ASMA (3) % #-

-
. 6
! -

:
1. 1- + ASAMA
2. - ASAM ASMA
3.

–
OSAM (OSAM) OSMA.
1-
, ,

ASAMI (ASMI) (

). (.
-
ANSAMENSII [CIL, III, 7633; Părvan, V. Getica, 275].
+ ! ( ) , (
) ANSAM(US). 1$

252 (32). %

SAMUS (23/4) %. ( -

Z! $ 2.
!
60f6
C/6. (
26/ $ $, -

!

.
204
. , 3, . $ (3
) . f $, .
1900 .
+
. /
+ ÊÏÔÕÏÓ ÅÃÃÉÓÔÙÍ, ! „(! )
(
!) C “. 1 8V .
[/%, 9] 1- – $ 8 (383–359
. . '.). 1 ,
.
(( ), (($), . 0
( ) $ !" ( ). 2 , .
, -
8V . . '. – ($) 26/. 3 -
26/ !
$
8.
, + $ 26/ ($ )
60f233 (

($), + $ -1Cf6 (!" )
6-
/1606 (0 ).
3 $ 8 ! Z,
! # $ . '-
2 $
. ^ -
Z
$, ! # -
! ' 6. 2
-
.

. f $
, !
$ –
+
! .
$
Z!. 1
-
$ , . 1
8V . . '. [0 !, . f $].
( . ( , f $,
1924 . , 12 12,425 .

+ ,

,
, . 2 ,

. 3
.
-
! 'V88–'V8 '8–' . . '. [&!, 0. ^ ; Venedikov,
I. Vulchitrun]. !
226} .

2233

!
!
!
('88–'
. . '.)
(8 . . '.).
2 f $, ( ( . -
26/. -

! . 2 (3) -
.
205
26/
, ! –
. (
! 26f (445–424), -
3 $ , 26/ -
. 26f ,
,
,
! #
.

8V . . '.
$ 8 (383–359 . . '.)
' . Z
# # -

. ! -
$ 26/, . .

8V . . '.
26/
-
& 88 888
. % . 2
280–279 .

26/
29–28 . . '.
. f. , ! . % , -
, (

),
,
. 2
15 . . '. $

-
26/. !

26
% 8 . (!. . +). 1
!
21, 21, 3231 2 < !

26 (26)-! $. -

ASAMA-ASMA, : ASAMA
> ASMA > OSMA.
-19-2. &, &

,
ASAMA-ASMA,
#
.
1. 1 ! ( $ 1 , . . !
$ %2616: Praesidio Dasmini [Tab. Peut., VII, 3]; 2. Dasmiani [Geogr.
Rav., IV, 7] ; Äïýóìáíåò [Proc. De aed., IV, 4 ; TIR, K-34, 39].
– DASMINI, DASMIANI, DUSMANI, !

!
ASMA, - DA (. )
-INI, -(I)ANI : 1. DA-ASMA-INI > DASMINI ; 2. DA-ASMI-ANI >
DASMIANI ; 3. DA-ASMA-NI > DASMANI > DOSMANI > DUSMANI. ^!-
( ) – A > O > U.

ASMA-3SMA. ^ ‘!-
(?) 2’. ! !,
88–
888 . $, ASAMA-ASMA (3).
2. 2 . 3 . 3 ,

5467 (Êóøìèöà) – 1545 . [DRH, B, IV,
175]. 6 !
ASMA, - KA (.
206
. ; . , ) -ICA: KA-ASMA-ICA > KASMICA > KAŠMICA >
KOŠMICA > KUŠMICA KASMA > KOSMA-ICA > KOSMICA > KOSMICA >
KUŠMICA. !
(
26-26) – 26, 216, %

8 . . '.
-20. , ,
ASKA SKA (

) , '
($), . ,

ASKA,
:
1. 5 (Uscudama) –
( !)
() ' . 2
– -
$ ' 888 .: 1. $ : „... -
– ' , - 5 (Uscudama)“
[Amm. Marc., XIV, 11, 15; XXVII, 4, 12; f606, 8, 118, 152]; 2. 2 /
5 [Eutrop., VI, 10]. I -
, 5 [Iord. Rom., 221].
2 : 1) USKU –

ASKA: ASKA > OSKA > OSKO > USKO > USKU.
!
/ (6) – 3 (IÏóêéïò) [Plin. N. h., III,
145] Uscus [Iord. Get., 100, 102]; 2) DAMA – ,

‘, ’. 2

-
– . k
.
2. $ (
) – ’Áóãßæïõò – $ ' [Proc. De
aed., IV, 11 ; 6, 447]. 6

ASKA -ICA (-
ICI) : ASKA-ICA > ASKICA > ASGICI. !

. 2,
$ $ ' .
6
(! )
-ICI < -IKI)
– ASGICI (< ASKICI).
3.
(IÁóãáñæïò) – $ ' [Proc. De aed., IV,
11 ; 6, 447]. 6 : ASGA-ARZA > ASGARZA. 1) ASGA

ASKA
K > G; 2) ARZA (’Áñæïò) ! !-
. ^ ( . 2
, $)
: 1) .
(IÁñæïõ ðïôáìï™) [Ptol., III, 11, 4] ; 2) ’Áñæv [Passio S. Alex.,
BIAB, VIII, 155, 153]; : 1) ’Áñæïò [Ptol., III, 11, 7] ; 2) Arzum [Tab. Peut., VIII,
2] ; 3) Arso [It. Ant., 136, 7]; 4) mansio ARZO [It. Burdig., 568, 9]; 5) IÁñæïí [Proc.
De aed., IV, 11]. . . 2
.
2
.
^ (2
). + 2^. ^
(2
) !
2. f $ -
207

. 1- . 2 $,
.
3 3. 6 2
(^),

. 3, ! 2C^ (2^).

^ ( . . ).
^31 (^) $
. C $ ! $ ' ! -

( !) ^ (2
), 2. -
, 2C676 2C^ '-
, ^ – .
1$

:
1. %
2C676 (2676) 2C^ (2^)
, ! ASKA. 2. ( (2^) -
. 2 $ . ^ (2
).

: 1. -
2C676 (2676) ! . 2 $.
- – .
3 ' . 2. ^ . . 2 $ ! !, -
2. 2 . 2I (Óêáé’ò ðïôáì’ò)
[Strab., XIII, 1, 21].
Z

(!. - ). 6

. 1
– 2^, !
. ^ 2. 3 -
! .
2 (2 $)
! -
– (#. 2
# . -
!
!
2. 5
(2%), ! ,

ASKA,
Z! ! 2, 2, 2 $.
4.
! (231
(
! 0231), $ – ÂÜóêïí [Proc.
De aed., IV, 11; 6, 447]. 6 ASKA -
- VA (. , ): VA-ASKA > VASKA > VASK(ON). ^ : ‘
() 2’. ( . %
$ ' ,
. ^ (2
) 2.
5. 2

! 6
2 -
!, . . , Z . $ 2
6
, ! – 2 !. 2
,

! $ (' ) ! (
).
^ 2
‘ , # ’ [&!, 0.
6 , 244],

$.
k! 0 –
: 1) 2 – . 2 , ; 2) 2 –
. 2 $, 2 ; 3) 2 –
208
. f , 2 ; 4) 2%j –
-
, . < ( ), [#!
, . , 88, 321, 327];
5) 2// – - ; 6) C 2
– ; 7) 2-06 – 0! , 2 % !.
% sakar

‘, ’, !

. 3 ,

+, 2 ,
-

ASKA
SKA. (
-
2
2 $
!

.
2 ,

,
-
+
–
AS > SA . ( -
,
!, ASKA > SAKA.

26036 (Óêáéâüáé) – 25036/ 26-
036 (Óõêáâüáé) (!. - ).
(
SAKAR ASKA -
-AR: ASKA-AR > ASKAR > SAKAR. 2
2,
. ASKAR >
SAKAR
(8–V .).
2 ASKA -AR
ASKA-ESKA-ISKA-ISKAR.
$

-AR. 6 , -AR
ASTA
(ASTAR) 2 !
(!. 88-21-1).
( Z
SKA ASKA
(
).
1. (

26-26036. 2 '-
(V8 . . '.)
2+ (
: „2 (Óêásïé): !
'“ [FGH, I, fr. 182].
2 : „6
$ . 1:
2 (Óêásïé), 2 (Óêáé’ò), 2 (Óêáé’í) 2
(Óêáéás ðýëáé)“ [Strab., XIII, 1, 21; 6, 227].
(88 .): „ . ( !
, , !$ '. j$ ! ! “
[Polyaen., VII, 22; 6, 347]. 6
:
Óêáéâoáé, Óõêáâoáé.
( ' 2 ,
26 .
!
, ! SKA (!. -
). 3 !
-
: 26036 (Óêáéâüáé) 25036 (Óõêáâüáé).

(SKAI) (A)BO. !

14 , 8 () 209

ABA APA ‘ , ’. 2

SKA-ABA (SKA-APA). ^ „ 2“ 2 ,
!-
.
SKA-ABA (SKA-APA) ! ! ASKA (2 $).
( 26036/ ' ,
2 (2).
! ' -
^ 2- 525% (2%)
!.

!
/0/16/
. ' 525%
(
) 620-/C6132, . / . 2 -
: „6 ,
- ;
!
“ [Strab., XIII, 1, 21; 6, 227]. 26036 /0/16

$ ,

$-!$ .

SUKABOI
+
ASKA-SAKA – ,

ASKAR > SAKAR.
2. % , ! ! -
26/-26036, . 206} (Scambria). 1
( . . ' ) +
[Spiridonov, T. Medieval, 471]. ( : 1.
SCANOBRIA – ! Harmanli Andrianopoli (. > 0!'. 5
, 1688 .) ; 2. SCAMBRIA (%!. ); SCAMBRIA (C. f ,
1720–1730) [), ). , 24, 25, 26, 36].
206} $ 26/-
2036. 2 ' ,
2
(2), . 2. 6
SCA,
ASKA, (M)BRIA,
‘, !’.

. C
-
! ! ' ,
( ) 5-
(3 ), / 0
. ! !,
26/-2036.
3. ( !
!
– 2632f5 (Óêáñéùôáóáëïýêñá)
[Proc. De aed., IV, 11; 6, 446]. $
! $ ' ,
. 2 (2-).
(
: 1) 263; 2) 2f5.
3 SKAR(I) SKA
-AR. ASKAR. & SKAR
-
.
1. 26 (Óêáñßðáñá) [Proc. De aed., IV, 4, 1–3; 6, 348] –
. (/ % .
210
2. 26 (ÓêÜñåò) [Proc. De aed., IV, 4, 1–3; 6, 437] – -
, . 1 (1#).
, ! ASKA-SKA,
2

( ( ).

2 :
1. 2 .
2. 2 (ÓêÜìáíäñïò) – , . . 0

– 21. 1
: 1) SKAMA; 2) ANDROS. ^
! !
– SKA
-AMA.
APA ‘ , ’.
3. /
216} (Ascania) ( , .
1. 6 ! ASKA -AN(I). 6
!,
26 . 6
$ 2I (Óêásïò)
[Detsch. Spr., 454].
26/-26 ! -
:
1. 1- 26/

. 2 (2 $) 2.
! . 2, '/032 (
) -

. $
2 – 2^ 2676.
2. - – 26, 26036.
26/-26 !
0/066/.
(
! !$-$. 26-26

/0/16 Z
.
( .
3.
V . . '. 26/ Z 3 $ .
4. ( 8V . . '. $ & 88 (359–336 . . '.)
'
, 06f/, .
. } .
5.
8V–8 . . '. 26/

' – 206} 525% (2%).
-
$ . ! , ' , . .

. ( # -
$ 8V . . '. () [!#, *. , 1–116]. % ,
$ ! 2I26/ . 2

, ! $ .
3261C –
.
6. ^
26/
$ f
72–71 . . '. ^
I
: „3 f Z ,
, , $,
5, “ [Iord. Rom., 219–222;
211
6, 427]. 6
!, 5 26/,

$ .
7.
46 . . '. 3
( ) $
$ . (

26/.
2 $ ' 888 . $
Z $. 1
26/ – 525%. 2 .
-21-1. +, +, +?
26 (EÁóôáß, Astae, Astii, Astici) Z

! ( ) (< ), -
0 (0 + )
.
( 88–8 . . '.): „0

, &;
2, ,

,
. 2 -
, - (ôyò EÁóôéêyò ÈñÜêçò);
“ [Ps. Scymn., 724–730; 6, 144].

188 . . '. , C (
,

' ' . !
( . 6) ' ($)
: „6 ,
,
(Astii), (Coeni), (Maduateni) (Coreli)

!
“ [Liv., XXXIII, 40; 6,
154].
2 : „ ;
, , &
2. , ,

!
$ ; !
. , ,
, , ! . -
“ [Strab., VII, 6, 1; 6, 216].
„6 (
. 2 , -

! ,
-
# 6 . 1 (
! -
(EÁóôáß), ; &,
,
- “ [Strab., VII, 6, 2; 6, 217].
„2 $ 0
“ [Strab., VII, fr. 48; 6, 224].
2: „( (Anthium),
. : , k, , 3 ; : , ' ,
% , % , & ,

0 + [...] 1 0
, $,
212

$ ...“ [Plin. N. h., IV, 11, 40–
50; 6, 266].
: „...
(EÁóôéêÞ)“ [Ptol., III, 11, 6; 6, 353].
I : „ # , -! .
! , $ $
(Astici)“ [Iord. Rom., 219–222; 6, 427].
2 26/
-
:
1. O2O%6^5 (Ostudizo, Ostidizo, Ostodizo) [It. Ant., 137, 4; 230, 9; f606,
I, 29, 33, 35].
8V . 1 (Nicae) [It. Burd., 569, 1;
f606, I, 41]. (
ÌéêñN Írêáéá (1$) – .
'+, Z! 3 , ! / $.
6 : 1. OSTU (OSTO, OSTI); 2. DIZA.

ASTA. DIZA
( ),
! ' , , Z-
26.
1. ASTA-DIZA > ASTIDIZA > OSTIDIZA; 2. ASTA-DIZA > ASTODIZA >
OSTODIZA; 3. OSTODIZA > OSTUDIZA. +
ASTADIZA ASTIDIZA. ^ : ‘ 26/’.
2. 32&. . : „(# : ... 3+
(IÏó-ôáöïò)...“ [Ptol., III, 11, 7; 6, 353].

!
, ! , -
26. 6

ASTA
A > O ( 323%6^5 32). ( !
$
P > F.

OSTAP(A), APA
‘ , ’.
(

26/,
-
26 26, !
: 3 0 ( ) -
(2
). 3 $

%

( !) 06f/ ( 2 ). 2
Z
26%6^ (3 -
). / (/ ),
. 3 $
-
# 06^1631 Z! 0 . -
06^ ( (
, . (
), Z

2f6%/232
/ .
! !,
26/ -
2 !. 3 !

, -
0 + . 1-

-
%. 2 !
(88–888 .)
213
2/I2 (Asticus mons) [Tab. Peut., VIII, 5], . . 26/.
( C
! 26 $ Póôïß ‘!-
, !’; 26 –
Tóôéêç ‘’ – Tóôõ
[
!, 0. . ., 67].
2, 26

ASTA ‘, -
’, !
0 .
+ -

$ : ASTA > ĂSTA > OSTA > USTA. -
2%6^-323%6^5, A > O $ 88–
888 .

$ : . , .
¹ñòà, . ,
. usta, .,
. , . ¹ñòà, . usta,
.
usta,
. usta, . wusta, . husta [%
, &. 2}, 8V, 146]. (! ,
U,
$ -
V ( , , !#).

-

$: as-, ãsan, ãsyam ‘’; aosta ‘’;
austo ‘’.

+ ASTA.
1
,
< ,
ASTA ‘, ’ . 2 !
V888–V88 . . '. <

. 2

„ “ $ ! < 2

. ( -

< [Strab., I, 3, 2; 4].
(0 ' )
„ “ . 2 (. óôoìá; . ostium)
! :
1. : „3
-
, , 0 (ÈñXêïò
Âoóðïñïò)...“ [Ptol., III, 11, 3; 6, 352].
2. : „2 ! , -
“ [Pind., IV, 203–206; 6, 16].
3. : „0

,
&...“ [Ps. Scymn., 728; 6, 144].
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VII, 6, 1; 6, 216]. „6 (
. 2 ,

...“ [Strab., VII, 6, 2; 6, 217]. „...

0 .
(
, # “ [Strab., II, 5, 3; 6, 208].
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< 0 + . 1 0 -
+ [Mih. IGB, I, 402]. 1 , -
+ ' , . 2

214
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,
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+ $ ! $ .
3
, . .
26/.
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– . f
,
„ “, . 3
-

! -
0 + – 2 C – -
' , + .

ASTA

# -
. 26, 626,
2 (!. - ), ! :
1. 32 (ÊïÜóôá) – ( [Acta SS Maii, 4, 320; Detsch.
Spr., 248]. 6 ASTA - -KA (> KO)
(. . ; . , ): KO-ASTA > KOASTA. ^ : ‘() 2’, .
. .
2. 2/232 (Óåóôoò, Sestos) – ' -
, - ' (% ).
! -
. 06%32
.
2: „2 , # # “
[Scyl., 67; 6, 119].
: „... 2 ,
!
...“ [Ps. Scymn., 680; 6, 144].
2 : „ 2, ,
2“ [Strab., VII, fr. 56; 6, 225].
! „ “
-
. ASTA -
SA (. , ): SA-ASTA > SASTA > SESTA, $ + SESTOS. ^ :
‘() 2’, . . . !

!
. C 3 -
6 [Hom. Il., 836]. ( V88 . -
$ - f .
480 . 2-
,
.
3. ( 0 + '/26} [Polyb., IV, 39 ; 6, 136]. (
!-

$
+ ASTA

$ .
1
ASTA !
– 26. 2 $ + 26
(EÁóôéêç). 3

Asticus mons – /
/ .

-
215
! ! + ASKA
26/. ASKA -AR (ASKAR),

– ASKAR (> SAKAR).
^ ASTA -AR ASTAR. 2

# (Asticus mons, . 2 -
!). 1
+ ASTAR
-
$, ,
! #
-
– 21%j. $
+
2167 –
-ICA -DŽA (CA), ČA (ÇA). C.

! . 21, 211, 21167 ( -
) [@, . 2 !, 7].

:
1. 1 + ASTAR (ASTRA – -AR > -RA)
-NA : ASTARNA-ASTRANA
2. 6
A – ASTRANA>STRANA
3. % -ICA : STRANICA
4. $
+ -DŽA (-CA) : STRANDŽA
(. İstranca).
3

Z . 1 + ASTAR

–
- . ( ASTRANA-STRANA
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(8'–'8V .), #
STRANDŽA 'V–'V8 .
(

$
-

ASTA ASTAR !
. 2

$
$
(V88 . . '.) $

0323,
6I26 0323 (ÈñXêïò Âoóðïñïò),
-
$.
(
! 26/ -

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1. 26
2 (2), . 0 + .
. . %/f (
%/f). (05^6, 626)
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. 2 (EÁóôáêoò, Astacum, EÏóôáêoò).

!
, Z! ' , -
$ ( . 2 ( )
2 + 3. 26/
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6
).
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( 32 (EÏóôáêoò)
A > O,
323%6^5.
f & -
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$ –óôáêïò ‘ ’. & -
ASTAK ASTA -AK. -
ASTAKI.
3. 26/ ( . %/f)

Z

! /

– ! <-
2
. $, !
, $
$
$
V88 . . '. $
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, 2 .

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(407–386) 8 (383–359) Z, -
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5. 3 8V . . '., -
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5. 3

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# . ! 46 ., $ -
. 1
$ Z

26/. 2 + 888
8V . 26/
! $ '-
/ .
8. 2 + $
-
AST(A) . EÁóôé-êoóçò, Äéæ-Üóôçò [Detsch.
Spr., 32].
217
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2
$
Z! '

8 . . '.
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! . $
$
46 .
-
, . . 26/. f !,
! . (
0/26 26/. (
% - 261C6/ –
.

88 . $
$ %. . (161–180 . . '.)
! 2 % % – . . -
. 2 ,

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261C6/. % : „ (IÁóôéããïé)
(‘ÑOïò) (‘ÑÜðôïò) #
% !, -
$
Z

. !
,

! $,

!
(ô§í Êïóôïõâþêùí). 2 ,
% . f ,
-
# , ,
. ,
Z . -

,

,
Z .

[Dio Cass., LXXI, 12, 1–3; Izvoare, I, 700–701]. 2. -
%
170–172 .
261C6/ ,
40- 50- -
888 . $
. I

3 – # :
„1
, 3 % #

. ^ , &
%$... (3 -
– . .)
,
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(Astringis), 6 – ,
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340]. C36 /(616 - . -
3 C

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251 . . %$.
3 , 251 .
2
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60 -

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-
Z 261C6/ [!. Schmidt, L. Wand., 7–9].
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% 2. . $. %

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!, !
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-
$ $ %

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! (!. . ). ( ! , , -
323036/ Z,
. % 2 C$.
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323036/,

# $ %.
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-
2. . . (

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2. I – -
(1%f6/
! (6^6,
C. 2 I ( 8V .) (1%f6/ -
219

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1 (1%f6/ (#),
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, , 3
40- 888 . . I %-

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3 (0 -
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+ ! 2 , . . ,
-
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(1%f26/ + (16-(1%6 -

8–88 . 170 . (1%f6/
261C6/
% 2 % .
( + 261C6/
(/1/%26/ ( . #)
8–88 . 6 261C6/
('2%61C6)
! Hazdiggos
‘! !
, ’.
,

$ [Iord. Get., 22; Schmidt, L. Wand., 5]. -

26,
26-2 (2 !) 8 . ^ 0/26/
% !
% 2 C (
((). $ 26 (16-(1%6
((/1/%6). 2!
-
. (
+ ( -INGI)
– ASTINGI ASTRINGI. ( (I ) ! $-
, $ ASTI ASTRI – ASTAR-
ASTRA –
(0 + ) (2 !). (
ASDINGI (I )
ASTINGI
T > D.
261C6/-261C6
Z
,
VANDALI,

-
VANTI-VANDI. ( +
(16-(1%6 . 2

– 261C6/.
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( + + ( (871–901)

-
, ! 326. -
0 !, Z! ( ), . -

Z [Havlik, L. Slované, 53–85].
220
6 !
+ ASTI > ĂSTI > OSTI

ASTI- $. A > O
26/ (323%6^5,

32 – 2). #
# +,
26 8 . 26-2 (2 -
!)
+ (/1/%6/.
< $ 26

261C6. (-
26/

-

3 (3).
8' .
– 326.
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3 26/, 2-2 (0 + ) + -

626/,

ASTA.
1. 2+ (
: „ (ÐéÜóôáé), “ [Steph. Byz.,
522, 4]. 2 .
2. : (Penastii) [Tab. Peut., VIII, 4]. #
+ PEHASTII [Detsch. Spr., 366].
&
– PIASTI PEHASTI
,
ASTA
- PA (. ). PA : PA > PÄ >
PE (. ‘pe’
). & PE-HASTII
!
ASTI H -
. (
OSTODIZUM
(ASTADIZA),
: Hostizo [f606, 8, 21].

!
: PA > PE; PE-ASTI > PI-ASTI. ^ :
‘! ( ) 2’. 0

(. #: ðé –
$ åðé, . api
( api-, pi-);
. pie ( , , ) [Tom. Thr., I, 853].
626/ ( ) 26/. (

2-
2 %. ( ) !.

8 . 626/ ( )

26 0/26. ^ 2-
(. -
(16-(/1/%6. 6
!,

(V8–V888 .) + .

!
!
# – }26/.
221
-22-1. +, +
} % . ^ $ $

2
2 –
+ . ( %

– . (.
1. 1- '
$: „

(IÁèñõò)“ [Hdt., IV, 49; Izvoare, I, 32–33; 6, 19].
2. 2: „...
/, ' – 5, ,
I (Ieterus)“ [Plin. N. h., III, 149 ; 6, 267].
3. I : „...
1 ,
,

! } (iuxta Iatram fluvium)“ [Iord. Get., 101; Izvoare, II, 422–
423; 6, 430].
4. +: } „fluvius qui dicitur Iatrum“ [Geogr. Rav., 192, 7].
(
}52
–
. . , :
1. } „ad Iatrum“ [Marc. Com., 535 (VIII); f606, 8, 318]
2. f „castellum Latris“ [Not. Dign. Occ., XL, 8]
3. f (Latron) [Geogr. Rav., 4, 7; f606, 8, 394]
4. } (EÉáôñ§í) [Proc. De aed., IV, 7, 6]
5. } (ðñïò ôxí EÉáôñïí) [Theoph. Sim., VII, 2, 16]
+ 'V8–'V88 .:
1. 1 1595 . (. 3)
– „Jatrus
et Jeterus flu.“ [), ). , 16]
2. 1684 . (8
. Mercurius Geographicus) – Iantra fl.
3. (
(1689 .| – Tantra fl. – #

T . J.
C } /, œòàðú (1640 .). „/-
“ ^ !, # / [
, .
, 115, 216, . 23].

+ ,
(!. - ):
1. /1606 (IÅíôñéâáé) – ' ( . 540–478 . . '.): 1)
ENTR(A); 2) -IBI – ,

ABA (< APA).
2. C31%6 (Ãüíäñáé) – 2+ (
(V88 .): G-ONDRA: 1) -
- K(A) > G; 2) ONDRA –
ANDRA A > O.
3. 61%6 (Êßíäñáé) – ' (88–888 .): K-INDRA: 1) --
K(A); 2) INDRA –
ENDRA E > I.
2 +

:
1. ATRA-ATAR – + , AR > RA
2. ETAR-ETRA –
A > E
222
3. IATRA-IETAR –
+ $ A E
4. ENTRA – ETRA
5. ANDRA –
ATRA T > D : ATRA >
ANTRA > ANDRA (> ONDRA)
6. ENDRA –
ETRA T > D : ETRA >
ENTRA > ENDRA (> INDRA)
7. ENTRABA –
+ ENTRIBI –
ABA (< APA ‘ , ’)
8. ADRABA
+
ADRABI (ADRABAIKAMPI)
(. , 88 .) – -ABA
9. IANTRA –
IATRA .
3
Z :
1. ( ,
Z ! IANTRA,
-
( V .).
2. 5 +
.
3. $ ! -
(88–8 . . '.).
4. ( -ABA (ENTRABA ADRABA) -

+ ATRA-APA (ATRAPA-ETRAPA).
5. & IANTRA,
!, - –
!
( V .).
(
!
ANDRA, ENDRA, ADRABA, !-
T > D,

,

.
7. %

A-E, !

A. 1
/

#
}1-I/.
& Latris (2 ! ) Latron ( +)
! # – L . I,

+.
-22-2. +
1-

} + ATRI-ETRI.
2
:
1. ' ( . 540–478 . . '.)
2+ (
:
„/ (IÅíôñéâáé) . ' ( ) ( )
/ “ [Steph. Byz., 271, 12; Detsch. Spr., 166].
1
!
ATRA. (. C -

!
223
trb, trib, treb ‘ ’ [
. 0/3, 94]. ENTRIBA : 1.
ENTR(A); 2. IBA. #
# +, ENTRA
-
+ ETRA . ( -
-ABA (-APA ‘ , ’).
! (/f/06
(!. II-7-14), 606,
. . -
: -ABA > -EBA > -IBA. 1
ENTRABI, ENTRABA. 2 ' -

, V8 . . '. ATRA (ENTRABA)

ENTRABI (ENTRIBI).
2. !
- , -
(88 .). ( ,
2
% : „... C , - , -
% (’ÁäñáâáéêÜìðïé); ' ,
- !
$ f , !
– – % ...“ [Ptol., II, 11, 11; Izvoare, I, 534–535].
C C ! . <# ; f –
. 2 %066/
% . 2
,
.
6 ADRABIKAMPI : 1. ADRABI; 2. KAMPI. ( -

. (KAMP), % .
ADRABI ADRABA, ADRA -
-ABA (< APA ‘ , ’).
ATRABA ( T > D) – -
ATRA. & ATRABA ENTRABA -

' .
3
%06 (06)
8 .
88 .

2 % ,
. . 2 ! ,
$ 06 88 . /106/ (/1606) V8–V . . '. -
! .
2 06-/106
-
. . #, } ,
. 2 C C # C % #. -
+

'V–'V88 .: #, # (1430), #, # (1618), #-
(. . #, 1638), #- (. . #, 'V88
.), #, # (1573), #- ( , #, 1618).
2 I. ^ + *Ö!", . *òðýáåæü
‘
’ òðýá¸ò¸ ‘ , , ’. &
– . tîrîm ‘ ’ beş ‘
’ beş ‘’
[$!, . #, 445].
TRAMBEŠ !
+ ATRABA
-EŠ
: ATRABA > ATRANBA >
224
TRAMBA-EŠ > TRAMBEŠ > TRÂMBEŠ. 2
. 2 + (
-
) ATRABA – ATRABA-ATRABI.
0 ( #) 06/ (/106).
(
! 50/j %

+ 0/4 06.
ATRA-ATRI !
} – (( ) . & TRNOVO (TRNOV)
ATAR-ATRA /TAR – -NA -OV(O)

: ATAR-NA > ATARNA > TARNA > TARNA-OV >
TARNOV(O) > TRNOV. 1 7$ -
. (
! 6/ (1).
6/-/6 !
-
:
1. 6/ + ( )
$.
Z ( ).
: 06/ ( - ) 0 (
#); 6/ #$ . . #;
6 (C31%6), %6 (6), (6 (!. . +).
2.
V8–8V . . '. 6/

! ' 6. !
.
26/,
–
6/.
8V . . '. 6/ -
! # $. %

-
. 0 . 2 } ,
0
( #), 6/.

-

! $
6/. : , ,
-

. % : ÊÏ ÔÏÕÏÓ ÅÎÂÅÏ, ÊÏ Ô ÕÏÓ ÅÂÅÏ
['@, +. 2 , 65–78].
1- : „(! ) (
!) 0 .“ 2 -

$ 8 (383–359 . . '.).
-

# 6/. % ,
8, (($), -

(! $), $ !"
( 1Cf6/) . , f # (-
26/). ^ 8

! . 3 !
(Z
) # -

($)
! ' 6. 2
60f6/, 26/, C/6/-
1Cf6 6/.
15 , 8 () 225

3.
339 . . '.

6/ $
& 88, . !
60f6/. 1 ,
335 . '
888 (. , -
(} ). 2 ! $ 2, -
888 Z Z
. (
-
60f6/ „

“.
„ 1, ,
, -
'. ,

,
-
!
$
;
',
, - “

[Arr., I, 1; 6, 300].
„ # $
,
! 6, 2, $. (...) (
,
# ,

“ [Arr., I, 4; 6, 303]. %
Z
$
888 ( 6/.
4.
8 . . '.
– -
'
# #
.

29–28 . . '. . f. 6^6/,
Z 6/ – 6/. (

%
, (
) .
(
!
6/,

.
5. ( 15 . . '. ! ' %
! ,

! . 6/ -
% . 3 , -

6,
,
-
! .
6. 6
!, 06/
-
.
88 .
!
C ( . <# ) % –
.

%06-06 ! . . 3%( (Odrava) –
. /C/ (. 3! – Ogře),
/f0 (f0). 3%(
<#
. 6

ATRA: ATRA > ADRA >
ODRA, -AVA > ODRAVA.
7. 3% (ODER)
2 . (

–
6. . 16

– C & (!. -
). 3
$ 6 ! ,
3% 0 . #

- ,
+ ATRA. ( -
226
ATRA > ADRA > ODRA
– .
GONDRI KINDRI. 2+ (

%1/, %/1/ (EÁäñÜíç, EÁäñÞíç) ! EÁäñçíásïò
[Steph. Byz., 27, 14; Detsch. Spr., 6].
+ ODRA-ODER ('–'8 .)

!

ATRA: Adora [Widuk.,
I, 23]; Odara, Oddora [Adam., IV, 13]. ( ADORA ( -

ATRA.
Oddora, Odara 0
# A > O. (

-ARA, -ORA
ATRA,
AR-RA: IETERUS, ETÂR (< ETAR), IETAR. 2.
+ ODER.
( Odagra, Odogra [Ann. Fuld. a. 892]

!

ODRA-ODER.
ODAGRA-
ODOGRA
- + -
, . . ODARA-ODORA, $
,

G. ( + ODAGRA !
!
- OD (AT ?, . ) AGRA.
AGRA < ANGR(OS), . 0 .
-
3%C
C

8 . . '. $ C6 (!. . +).
%

0
!, 2 (8 .): „1 , ( - / -
– . .) (() , , , ,
f (insulam Latrim),

f , “ [Plin. N. h., 13, 97; 2%62,
8, 24–25].
3 / (Aeningia) ! ! ! 3%
. 6 . 2
0 (3! ),
3%.
4
,

0 – 5
( .

- f. 6 LATRIS !
! # +
IATRIS. #
+ L I

}52 (IATRUS) – castellum Latris [Not. Dign. Occ., XL, 8]; LATRON
[Geogr. Rav., 4, 7].
+ IATRIS -
IATRUS (} ).
3%
!
8 . 6- $. (
!-

! 2-
, (/1/%6 ! 3% (62f (/ ). ^-
3% 6
(16-(/1/%6.
227
8. (
(V8–V888 .)
3%16 (3%6<6),

3%. % !

Z! (!. - ). !
3%16-3%6<6 3% Z! -

V88 .
9. C 6
, % . (
3%. ( -
. 3%/2: „ 3"“ – 1096 . [(f, I, 159], !-
. f ! ,
3%. (
.
10. C Z

:
1) . 3 $, 2 + , 2) . 3 , , . 2 ,
3) . 3 , . , . , 4) . 3 , . ( , , 5) .
3 , . 0, ,

[$!, . ^ , 155]. I. ^

. ; . . ‘ ’.
0 ! .
3%6<6-
3%16,
V88 . 3%. !
,

( . #), -
62, 3( (%. ^ . 2-

.

! ,
V88–8' . -
. 1 -IČI -ANI .

( ) 6/
+.
-22-3. +, +, +
( % #

6%( /3%(: „1-
% : ...
(Ðáôñßäáõá 53º–48º10´)... (Ðåôñüäáõá 53º45´–47º40´)...“
[Ptol., III, 8, 4; Izvoare, I, 544–545].

! , . .

, . , !
:
1. 2 – 53º–48º10´ 53º45´–47º40´.
2. ( PATRI PETRO A-E

Ä – ! A E (PÄTRI).
ÄTRA –
ATRA ETRA (!. - ). 3 .

,

– PATRIDAVA PETRODAVA.

+ .
228
2 -
6%(-/3%( -
(53º–47º), + (52º15´–48º15´); (53º20´–48º15´); 5-
(53º10´–47º40´); (53º15´–47º15´) ! . . 0$
(Brecu), . , Z
. 3
Z! # (
) 6
-
. 2.

( )
/6< (Petricica) – 6
. -
–Z, ! 2// 354, Z! . 0.
2, 6%(-/3%( -
/6< : 1) ; 2) -

- -

. .
(Z
. !

$ $ %. Z
$ . k! .

. (98–
117). ! .
6 PATRIDAVA-PETRODAVA DAVA
‘ ’. ( PETRO $ ðÝôñïò ‘’.
(

:
1. ÐÝôñá, Petra – [Liv., 39, 26, 1; 44, 32, 9; Diodor., 31, 11, 1]
2. Petra – [Liv., 40, 22, 12]
3. Petris – % ! C , . . 5 Z [Tab.
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233
THE PROTO-SLAVIC TRIBES
PART ONE (A)
(Résumé)
The present study offers an alternative view regarding two substantial issues of
early Eastern European history:
1. The origin of Slavic peoples
2. The cultural-linguistic character and the historical destiny of Thracian ethnic
groups.
The commonly accepted today main thesis, according to which the Slavic people
originated from the Pre-Carpathian region, is commented on in the preamble. Thus the
Slavic people were supposed to form as an entity during 2nd-1st millennium B.C. in the
lands of nowadays Southern Poland and Northwestern Ukraine.
The author noted different variations of this thesis that developed in the 19th and
th
the 20 centuries. Many different inconsistencies and controversies were spotted, espe-
cially when researchers used linguistic and archaeological data for explaining the stages
of the ethno-genetic process of the Slavs in the Pre-Carpathian lands. The old thesis of
the Balkan-Danubian origin of the Slavs that was widely spread in the Slavic countries
historiographies between 12th and 19th centuries is also brought up.
One focus of the research is based on the text of the chronicle Povest Vremennih
Let representing the exodus of the Slavs from the Danube region as result of the Roman
conquest. This text is considered as an authentic and reliable historical source which
brings to light the imposition of Roman rule over the Thracian lands: Moesia (15, A.D.),
Thrace (45, A.D.) and Dacia (106, A.D.). Furthermore, this Roman conquest caused
the migration of the Thracian population to the North – to the region between Baltic
Sea and the Carpathian Mountains, to the East – to the region between rivers Dnepr and
Dnestr; and to the West – along the valley of the river Tisza. This migration happened
on two stages:
1. At the beginning of the 1st century A.D. from the lands South of the Danube
river.
234
2. At the beginning of the 2nd century A.D. from the Dacian lands.
The author developed a new methodological scheme for research on the prob-
lem. According to this alternative methodology, the understanding of the origin of the
Slavs and the migration of the Thracians needs a revision of enormous historical data,
concerning the ethnic structure of the East European landscape during the Antiquity
and the Middle Ages. Thus the author formulates the main concepts germane to the
establishment of a wide academic program for further research on the above mentioned
topics.
A specific place is dedicated to concrete analysis of the parallels between the
Thracian culture from the Pre-Roman era and the early Slav culture of the 6th-8th centu-
ries – settlements, homes, burial rituals, and ceramics. Once again, a separate paragraph
deals with the methodology of this specific analysis.
The main goal of this research is to clarify the migration process from the Bal-
kan-Carpathian lands during the 1st and 2nd centuries A.D. As a condition sine qua non
for the understanding of the stages of this process is the detailed reconstruction of the
tribal structure of the proto-Slavic (or Thracian) territories during the pre-Roman Era.
The historical sources used for the research have various origins:
• Written sources (narrative, documental, epigraphic)
• Toponymic
• Cartographic
• Archaeological
• Ethnologic
• Dialectological
A clear definition is proposed for the usage of terms as Proto-Slavs, Proto-Slavic
Period (Era), Proto-Slavic language.
* * *
The chapter The Tribes is focused on the reconstruction of diverse tribal struc-
tures and their historical destiny. The paragraphs that deal with every separate tribe are
organized as “nests” – on the basis of the linguistic origin of the tribal names. They
follow alphabetical order. The present volume comprises the tribes and the related names
starting with the letter A.
The first paragraph form Chapter Two The Tribes is dedicated to the Thracian
tribe ABANTES of the island of EUBEA, and a thorough analysis of its name is of-
fered.
A formation of a tribe called ALBAKI in the region of two lakes in the Danube
River Delta is revealed, as well as this tribe’s migration to Dacia (ALBOKENSII).
The formation of the tribe called AXI (SAXI) is located in the valley of the river
AXUS (AXIOPA), nowadays Cara-su in Northern Dobrudja. This tribe is believed to
be identical with the ethnic name SAXI, quoted by Stephanus Byzantinus. The hypoth-
235
esis offered suggests that after the migration caused by the Roman invasion the tribe
SAXI reached the embouchure of Elba River. There the SAXI tribe mixed with the
local population and undertook a process of germanization, but the tribal name re-
mained.
The valley of the river Barlad in nowadays Southern Moldova was the region of
the tribal formation of the ALDI-ALDANI. Their migration Northward was associated
with the early-Slavic tribe LJADI in today Southeastern Poland and the Polabian tribe
KOLEDICHI.
Another unknown from the existing sources tribe – ALMI – is located in the
valley of the river Lom (Northern Bulgaria), the ancient ALMUS. Inheritor of the mi-
grated to the North ALMI was the Polabian tribe DALEMINCI-GLOMACHI. A corre-
lation with the origins of the German tribe ALEMANI is also suggested.
Another paragraph deals with the analysis of the forms of the river name OLT
(nowadays Eastern Romania). New and unknown variations of the name are mentioned,
together with the chronology of their appearance. Based on this toponymic name, other
tribal names had emerged: ALTI, ALTINI, OLTENI. Linked to them is the origin of the
east Slavic tribal name ULTINI. The valley of the river OLT has been also the region of
the tribes KALTI and PALTI. Their migration after the Roman invasion of Dacia is
mapped out. Heirs of the PALTI were the people from the east Slavic tribe POLOCHANI.
Another tribe from the valley of OLT was VALTI (VELTI). Part of them migrated to the
North during the 2nd c. A.D. and thus instigated the origin of the tribes under the names
of VELTI-VELETABI-VILTZI (LJUTICHI) along the coast of the Baltic Sea.
The valley of OLT was most probably also the land of origin of the Polabian tribe
NELETICHI. The variation of the river name ARUTA is connected to tribal formations
known as RUTI-RUTENI, DRUTI.
The author proposes another view for the origin of the Slavic tribe ABODRITI.
They are considered to be the inheritors of the Dacian tribe AMOTRI from the valley of
the present day river Motru in Oltenia. The relocation of the Southern wing of the
ABODRITI is also studied.
The name of region along both sides of the Danube River delta – A(N)GLA – is
reconstructed on the basis of a group of toponyms in existence from the 1st century B.C.
to the 19th century A.D. The history of the Gaetaen tribe ANGLI is correlated to the
early Slavic tribe UGLICHI. The author formulates the hypothesis that part of the
ANGLI, together with the neighboring tribe of the SAXI reached the Elba River delta
and there they gave the origin of the German tribe ANGLI.
The origin of the tribal name AGRIANI form the upper Struma river is linked to
the name of the river ANGROS, identical with nowadays Bulgarian Morava river. The
migration of the AGRI to the North is traced to the territories of today Poland. The
name of the river ANGROS is also connected with the origin of the tribal name VAGRI,
known form 10th-12th centuries in the region of Lubek along the North Sea coast. Same
hypothesis is formulated for the tribe TAGRI and the German tribe ANGRIVARII.
236
The formation of the proto-Slavic - and also early Slavic – tribal formation ANTI
in the region between the rivers Dnepr and Dnester is dated between 1st and 6th centuries
A.D. The Proto-Slavonic formation of the GANTI is located in the lower Tisza River.
This study focuses also on the formation of the Northern Proto-Slavic tribes VANTI
(VENEDI) in the 1st-2nd c. A.D. The VANTI are connected with the East-Slavic name
VJATICHI and the German tribal formation VANDALI.
The names of the tribes NAPI, KAPI (KAPANTZI) are considered to derive from
the Proto-Slavic root APA, meaning water, river. The tribe APIARI was located along
the river Topchiiska, affluent to the Danube River in the region of Russe in nowadays
Northern Bulgaria.
The tribes with the same name wee located along the valley of the river ARDECH
(nowadays Arge).
Toponimic data allow the reconstruction of the names of tribal formations such
as ARKI, ARKANI, ARKARI (ARGARAGANTI) along the river ARKA (Caraş in
nowadays Banat). Traces of their migration northward were tracked down in the Baltic
Sea island of Rugen.
Successors of these migrants were the Slavs form the tribe RUGIANI (RUJANI,
RANI) with center ARKONA.
The antique ARPESSOS is identical with the upper river Arda in the Rhodopes
Mountains. The Arda valley was populated by the tribe of ARPI. Their heirs are con-
sidered to be the RUPTZI – ethnographical group from the same region. Related to the
ARPI were the tribes KORPILI and KARBALETI. Traces from the migration of the
ARPI are discovered in the region of the Northern Carpathian Mountains, nowadays
Poland.
The territory of the tribe ARSI is marked around the river RASINA (region of
Niš, today Eastern Serbia). A proof for their migration is Claudius Ptolemaius’ testimony
(2nd c. A.D.) about the tribe ARSIETI in the lands of nowadays Poland. During the
Middle Ages on the lands of the ARSI developed the Serbian region (zhupa) RASHKA.
The tribe ARTAKI was located in the valley of the river ARTANES, (today Cherni
Lom, affluent to the Danube River, Northern Bulgaria). The author traces their migra-
tion to Dacia, where Claudius Ptolemaius again had spotted the name RATAKENSII.
Evidences from the ARTAKI migration are known along the middle Danube River and
in the Eastern Slavic lands.
The tribe ARTARI was located in the valley of the river ARCHAR (affluent to
the Danube River, today Northern Bulgaria). A branch of this tribe was known under
the name of VRATARI. Successors of the ARTARI were the people of the Polabian
tribe of RATARI. The author supposes that the tribe NERTIRJANI (between the rivers
Elba and Rhein) also took its origins from the valley of the river ARCHAR.
The banks of the ASAMUS River (today Osam, affluent to the Danube River,
Northern Bulgaria) were inhabited by the tribe ASAMI. In the region of the Sakar
Mountain (Southern Bulgaria) the name of the river ASKA was discovered, together
with the tribal name ASKI (SKAI, SIKABOI).
237
The name of the tribe ASTI is believed to derive from the possible Proto-Slavic
name of the straight of the Bosporus – ASTA (mouth). The tribe PIASTI was a branch
of the ASTI. Another hypothesis is suggested – that the origins of the German tribe
ASTINGI were connected to the migrated ASTI people who settled down between the
rivers VISLA and ODER.
The author has reconstructed variations of the name of the river ATRA (today
Yantra, affluent to the Danube River, Northern Bulgaria). The valley if this river was
the tribal territory of the ATRI (ENTRIBI, ADRABI), their center was ATRABA (nowa-
days Polski Trambech). There are evidences for the migration of ATRI towards the
region of the Middle Danube River valley, today Slovakia, and towards the river Oder
(today Eastern Germany). Another wing of the same tribe is discovered under the name
of PATRI and its migration to the eastern Carpathian region is trailed. The ATRI had
another branch – the tribe of DATRI which relocated to the nowadays TATRI moun-
tains in Slovakia. The last branch of the ATRI are the NETRI, and the KATRI, located
along the valley of the river NITRA (today Slovakia).
238

–

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. ! . ., 1975.
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. $ – .

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248

Amaxobii Sarmatae 148, 155, 156 (Abanti) 27, 139

Athaul 69 140
Blastarni 155 () 90
Bubegenas 69 88
Coldas 69 , 87-92
Dacpetoporiani 155 - 89, 91, 92
Dagae 155 91, 141, 160
Glopeani 46 (Ášáñéíïr) 28, 155, 192
Golthescytha 69 40, 121
Imniscaris 69 126, 127
Inaunxis 69 48, 49
Lendizi 50 , , 97
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Lupiones Sarmatae 148, 155 120
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Mordens 69 122, 124-126
Nauego 69 " 198, 199, 222, 224
Nortabtrezi 90 () 222, 224
Osterabtrezi 88, 90 224
Rogas 69 39
Sarmatae vagi 148, 155, 156 , , (Axiacae) 36, 38, 39
Slabi, Slabjani 47 " (") 56, 57
Slavi, Slavjani 47 56, 57, 95, 100, 140, 155
Tadzans 69 (), , 43-46, 48
Thiudos 69 46-48
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Venadi Sarmatae 148, 155 , 49-51
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Wiltunisci 76 , 64, 65, 67
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249
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167 220
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226 +, 73-75, 78, 81
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207, 211, 216, 217 151, 153-161, 163, 171, 220, 227
250
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+ 125, 162 / 122, 124, 129, 130
+ 76 / 129, 130
+ 37, 76, 86, 90, 133 /" 129, 130
+ 190, 193 /!! 68
+ 199 / 129, 130
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+ 76, 78, 81, 224 : 14, 22, 31, 32, 64, 116, 118, 131, 132,
+, 37, 73, 75-78, 90, 121, 133, 155, 142, 152, 156, 201
159 : 155, 156
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+ 130 :! 203
+ 70, 72, 98, 147, 171 : 41, 180
+$ 43 : 128, 129
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+ 78 :", " 206
+ 74-78, 87 : () 225, 230-232
+! 163 : 127, 139
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+ 202 : 189
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/ 95, 155 :& 194
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/ 68-73, 90, 91, 100, 141, 156, 157, 219, 186, 187
220 "" 211, 213
/" 12, 13, 21, 37, 67, 98, 148, 149, 154, 134
159, 160, 163, 220 , 223, 224
/ passim ! 121
/- 42
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/ 233 105, 119, 120
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/ 73 191
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/ 179 111
251
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, , , , 164- !;< 160
167 ! 130
, , 187, 189 . 74, 77, 78
74, 155 &, , , , & 50,
32 51
68, 71, 98, 171, 218, 220 &% 161, 173
203
" (") 206, 207 ; 66, 70, 72, 84, 88, 89, 167, 176
() 225 ! 188, 212
, 232, 233 203
! () 197 , "" 130, 198, 219, 224
() 130, 145, 148, 152, 198 162
209 140
(Celtae) 12, 68, 98, 127, 165 , " 31, 33, 125-127
(Coeni) 188, 212 139
(Coenici) 187, 189 #, ", ", "< 31, 32, 52, 54,
188 55, 113, 116, 195, 197, 200, 201, 203, 206, 226
" 135, 153, 227 85, 86, 89
233 -" 90
51
, 69, 72
, ! 131-133, 174
, 113, 162, 188, 212
, 81
162, 186-189
164
95, 197, 218, 219
164, 167
43, 197
, , 81
# 32, 34, 38, 39, 195-197, 222
& 202, 203
!" 70
, 232
!! 67, 141
(Nordalbingi) 47, 48

" 41
218, 219
! 131, 161
16, 91, 141
! 121
, , , 81-83, 90
125 46, 72, 85, 86, 89, 133
" 179 " 125
# 65 108, 117, 118, 126, 169, 188
139 () 228
" 150-152 , " 64
" 130, 142, 144-152 67
86 " 192
160 165, 167
() 83 74, 155
252
67, 68, 218 =! 180
$ 43 =!, !, 182, 184, 185
=!- 185
131, 132, 161 =! 184
78, 80 =!, ! 65, 83
164 =!- 83, 84
78-81 =!, ! 83-85
14, 163 =!- 83
(Ðáñáîíåé) 31 =!, ! 83
184 =!&, 178, 180, 181
, 190, 193
, , 228-231 > 154, 155, 192
, 68, 94, 95, 148, 149, 153, 154, > (), & 67, 142, 174
218, 220, 232 >, 100
- 154 > (, ) 30-42, 48, 59, 63, 69,
125, 127 76, 87, 92, 110, 117, 119-122, 133, 134, 159,
66 195
, % 183, 216, 221 > 188, 189
155, 192 >" 14, 67, 68, 98, 113, 130, 140, 142-
167 145, 147-156, 171, 227
, , # 147, 151 >"-" 144
189 >"- 49
155, 156 >"-&# 130, 142-144, 147, 151, 156
72 >"- 21
& 46, 86 > 121
18, 73, 78, 80, 81 >, 100, 121, 162, 203
& 142 >" 56, 57
! 43, 44, 59 > 43, 44, 59
197 > 31, 33
87-89 >123
139 >, ! 209
> 162
=& () 220 > 125
=", " 133, 160, 161, 173, 174 >, 207, 209-211
=, 195-199 > (scyri, sciri) 100, 101, 149, 153, 227
= 198 > 14, 34-36, 108-113, 123, 136, 142, 170,
= 197, 198 226
= 199 >- 116
=, 55, 200, 201, 202, 203 >, &, passim
=, , , <, <, < > 125, 135, 165, 192, 213
193, 194 >" 86
=! 40, 121 >; 161, 174
= 14, 63, 143 >, , * 160, 193
=!, 83, 179, 180 > 95
=!, !& 179, 180 >! 95, 155, 198, 224
253
>! 28, 154, 155 ?$ 12, 13
?"! 162
113 ? 65-67
133, 134, 231 ?! 100
$ 146, 147, 151, 152, 218, 220 ?! 141
225, 231, 233
197 @ 39
135 @ 148, 149, 153, 154
# 68 @ 28, 154, 160
232 @ 16, 39, 40, 75, 91
" 150 @# 180
" 87, 88 @!! 28, 154, 155
188
94, 133, 142 D 39, 40, 134
# 32 D 189
12-14, 16, 17, 22, 27, 42, 108, 109, 113, D 153, 162
123, 126, 128, 139, 188, 191, 209, 212, 213, D"!! 56, 57, 130, 219
226 D! 68, 141, 156
" 95 D! 40, 134
14, 42, 52, 54, 109, 110, 116, 126, 127, D 187, 189
204, 206, 226 D 149, 153, 227
34 D! 100, 136, 141, 152, 153, 160, 171, 179
! 65 D* 160
! 213
. 40, 121 E 37, 76, 121
?, , ! 65, 66, 95, 97, 103, 105, F# 63, 113, 142, 143
120, 121 F#-" 156
? 161 F#-" 142, 143
254

//=@>

Abiz flu. Abir riv. 168 Glad, . / . 71

Alburnus Maior 45 Gladova . 71
Alsó Fèher 176 Glamoč 56
Angeron 134 Glomuzi 55
Apula 149, 155 Horna 76
Aranywara Hudna 76
Ardan (Árdany) 172 Hunna 76
Ardanovce (. Ardán falva) 172 Hussen 76
Ardanovo (. Ardanháza) 172 Hussi-dina 76
Ardicenus vicus 169 Kalatha, * (Călata) 69
Arkospataktöve (Arkuspothaktuwe) 176 Kald, . . /, Galda) 69
Asamus, Lapida 204 Kolt (Kult) 72
Axiaces 38 Kolto, Coltău, . Catălina 72
Axon 29 Koppany 165
Bodrus Kwlthy, . Coltau 72
Budrug fl. 89 Latybar, Latobar 61
Burridava 149, 155 Litus Saxonicum 43
Chirstenge 30 Lobje 46
Ciabrus (. ) 30 Lomatsch 55
Copus Lotriwar (Lotrioara) 60
Dacia Apulensis 163 Marga (Margus) 194
Dacia Porolissensis 131 Marklo 40
Danischen Wohld 40 Museos-Buzău 87
Drsink 195 Nagyugolyka (Ugeya, Uhlja), +& ?H-
Eider 40 , +i ?% 96
Erkes/ Erkis patak 176 Naxius, Naxiur 30
Essex 43 Nemausos, Nîmes 72
Feldwar, Földwar, Marienburg, Feldioara 74 Nitrani, Nytracsehi, . Cehince 233
Galad, Geled 71 Noilgiant (Noialt) 69
Galt 69 Ó Bodrog (Bodrog, Bodrogu Vechi) 89
Germizera 149, 155 Ohře (Eger) 124, 132
Ghilad 71 Oltuman, Oltman (. Otomani) 64
255
Palatha, Palota 80 (EÁãñéNíçò, ) 124, 169
Petris 229 < (Agriş) 124, 131-134
Płota, Płock 79 <! (Agrişu) 131
Polabia 46 (Ad Aquas) 149, 155, 229
Polabia 46 " 34
Prouxa 96 ;H (!) 109, 116, 205, 225
Radama 174 ;! 231
Retra, Rethra 201 (IÁäéíá) 93
Salmuris 115 , (EÁäñÜíç, EÁäñÞíç) 59, 60,
Slata 76 77, 227
Suinum 76 , 169, 171, 207, 211, 212
Sussex 43 " 113, 123, 160
Szaszvolkany (Volkany), Wolkendorf, . (Aquae) 86, 90, 177, 178, 210
Vulkan 77 , Aklibal 103, 105
Teterow 232 214, 215
Tibiscos-Timi 87 38, 39
Tomiswar 30 (’Áîé’ò, Axius, Axios, +) 29-35,
Tsernoksi 30 52, 125
Ulmetum 53 (IÁîåéíïò ðüíôïò) 29
Ulmo 53 (Axiopa) 29-32, 39
Ultinsium vicus 58 (Axiopolis) 29, 30, 165
Unggesztenyés (Iglincz, Linci), ? 96 43-48
Vâlcan (Vulcan) 97 () 44, 45, 48
Várpalota 80 < 34
Villa Vilkani, villa Volkani 77 (Albona) 45
Vilzendorff, Fela, . Floreşti 74, 77 44, 45, 171
Wessex 43 49-52
Wideniz 76 (IÁëäáíåò) 49
Wiltaburg 76 48, 49
Wiltshire 76 o 126, 181
Witenberg 76 109, 205, 206, 225
Wlkow, . Valeni 77 99
Zombor (Sombor) 89 !" 97, 98, 105
(Aliobrix) 95, 105, 120
27, 139, 140 " (Almus mons, –ñïò ôé EÁëìNí), .
27 @!< 52
! 88 " (") . 202
215 " (Dalmana) 52, 54
203 " (’ÁëìÞíç ðüëéò) 52
! (=#) 68, 219 "! (Almus) 52, 55, 57, 100
123 135, 136, 156, 160
% 91, 178 46
, (Á¡ñáò) 57, 58, 95 !", Altina (EÁëôçíþí) 58, 65
! (Agalingus) . 97, 98, 149, 154-156 !, Aluta fl. () 44, 61, 63, 68, 69
<, A<! 131 H (H, H, H, ) 58, 63, 65,
, !" 99 66
256
" (Amutrium) 86, 90 / (<) 114, 150-152, 175-178,
"! (Amutria) 86 180
"! (’Áìïýôñéïí) 86, 202 (Arcani) 177
"!, " (IÁìõôñïí ðoëéò) 86 (Arky) 177
121 , (Arcidava) 114, 116, 150,
46, 92, 107, 112 166, 175, 177, 178
, (IÁããñïò), '* (’ Áñêßííá) 176, 202
122-125, 128-135, 191, 194, 195, 227 (’ ÁñêïâÜäáñá) 176
124, 132, 133, 161 178, 180, 181
! 123 ! (’ Áñêï™íåò) 177
!& 229 !< (Arcuş) 177
212 -< 184, 187-189
146, 175 , 190
(Antiana) . ' *% 139 < 189, 190
!" (Anthium) 139, 212 < () 190
(Apus) 176 (IÁñóá) 190-194, 208
(), . . 166, 168 #, (IÁñóáæá) 190, 191
(Áððßáñá) 168 (IÁñóåíá) 190, 191
&, Appiaria, ÁððÝñåéá 167 (EÁñóoíéïí) 192, 193
(Appion) 166 (EÁñôÜêç, Artace) 197, 199
& (>#) 113, 114, 139, 212, 213, (IÁñôáêçò) 170
217 & (Artacia) 196-199
(IÁøéíèïò) 188 (IÁñôáêïò) 170
187 (EÁñôÜíç, Artane) 197
!, ! (Appulus) 163 (EÁñôÜíçò) 195-197, 199
!!" (. E&) 60, 163, 164 , 201, 202
! (Apus) 166 (fl. d’Arte) 170
170 (IÁñôçóêïò) 49, 169, 181
" 116 & (EÁñôõíßá) 197
"!" 115 ! 59-61
(’ Áñãáíoêéëé) 177 ! (Arutela) 60
, 114 , 200, 202
(IÁñãéäáõá) 108, 116, 175 " . 203-206
() 49, 169, 174, 181-183, 186, 207 "! (Asamus, . *") 203, 222
-" 174 (Asbolodina) 93
-< (;<) 174 #, #, # (IÁóãáñæïò) 207,
& 182, 183 208, 211
< ((Arge, ;<) 114, 170, 171, 172, , # (’ Áóãßæïõò) 207, 208, 211
173 (" !) 205
(campus Ardienses) 169 38
# (. >#) 207, 208, 210 (>) 208, 210, 211
#!" (!") 192 & (Ascania) 211
# (), Arsia fl. 192 (>) 210, 211
# (#) 208 " 204, 206
< . 45 , (. '$) 212, 216, 221
, , . 210 # (#!") 213, 214, 217
17 & ", L () 257

(EÁóôáêoò, Astacum, EÏóôáêoò) 215, ' 52, 54, 58, 128, 129
216, 221 ' 123
# 216 ' (Âåëåäííá) 93
& (EÁóôéêÞ) 213 ' " 196, 197
/ / . (Asticus ' *" 203
mons) 214-216 '" 19
171, 212-215, 220, 221 ' 225
109, 205 '& 52
217 ' (& @*) 141
(IÁôëáò) 57, 58 ' (> ) 196
199, 222, 224-226, 230, 231, 233 ' '!;/P* 46, 49, 92, 97, 99,
( *"<) 225, 230 100, 102, 103, 105, 117, 118, 120
/ . (IÁèñõò), . . F 36, 112, ' 186, 187, 192
195, 222 'Q 187, 192
!% (Auha) 68, 69 '# (+#, . +#) 36, 213
$& 34 '# (. =) 139
%, . . M$ % 128 '# (ÂõæNíôéïí) 126, 139, 210, 213,
% 128, 182 217
%& ;, . . %& 128 '#& 212
%& E (%&), . . /** 128 '# (. ) 112
% 214 '# 131
' 46
' 169 ' (Âéóäííá) 93
' (Badnitz) 199 '! 94
' #. 167 '% 61, 176
' ", ;, 9, ' &; 167
36, 37, 47, 71, 74-78, 90, 119, 140, 149, 153, ' 50
159, 163, 179, 180, 192, 193, 220, 226, 227 ' . 40
' 20, 70, 72, 79, 144, 151, 178 ' 88-92
' . 180 '*# (Bodrogköz) 88, 89, 92
' " 196 ' (:*) 38, 94
'& ! 52 ' (=!) 109, 205, 225
' . 190 '< 88
' 195 ' 52, 56
' 58, 59, 61, 71, 184 ' 113
' 123 '$ 108, 212, 215
' 100 ' 229
' (Âáóóéäííá) 93 '< (Bosarkány) 177
' (Alpes Bastarnice) 97, 155, '! 49
156 ' 89
' (Bacs) 88 '< 104
' " 182 '# 28
'< 92 ' 78, 157, 158
' . 233 '! (Brecu) 229
'! 109 ' (ÂñéáíôéêÞ) 139
' '!; 92 '& 37, 40, 43, 76, 78, 121
258
' 122, 123 +, + (+) 195, 203
'& 162 +& 15, 86, 139, 197, 211
'!; 32 +< 126
'!; 92 +< 208
'!#*! ( !) 172 + (+) 50
'! 49 +& 205
'!!& 123 +< 57, 58, 171, 172
'!" 53 + 50
'! (. . >) 59, 197 +* (/) 45
'!& 125 + 131
'* 122, 124, 125, 129, 182, + 227
190 +& 79, 80, 160
'*< 94, 120, 141 +% 51, 52
'*# 71 + 162
'* (Bârlad) 48, 49, 59 + 162
'* :" 49 + 66, 67, 79
+ 196, 197
+ (Vah) . 28, 232, 233 +& 128, 167
+ (+, +&) . 133 + 202
+& 145, 152 + & 145
+ 29, 128, 228 +!* 128
+ 76, 102 +* (Vltava) 73, 75
+ . 39, 76, 86 +** 205
+ 200 +* 186
+< (Warszawa) 193 +* (>!.) 181, 182
+ (ÂÜóêïí) 208 +* 71
+& 222, 229 +*< 74
+# (Visurgis) . 40, 134, 135 +**& (Vărădia) 150, 175
+ (=) 87 +**& !< 70
+ 123, 194 +* 185
+ &; 162
+ # 74, 154, 155 / (. M< ) 198, 224, 226
+ 154, 155 / 186
+ 157 / 166
+!" 95 /& 15
+ 134 / (Galai) 94, 104, 105, 107
+ 53, 70, 72 / 69
+# 172, 212, 214 /& 79, 80
+"!" 175, 206 / 104
+ (Viscla) 156, 157 / &; 104
+& 126 /& 37, 40, 78
+ 11, 36, 51, 74, 78, 99, 149, 153-155, 159, /, / (/, /) 67
173, 179, 193, 220, 221, 227 / (Galtis) 68, 69, 71
+ 186 / (Gana) 55
+!/ +! (Visula) 28, 78, 90, 136, 153, / 94, 107, 120
154, 157, 174, 192, 227 / ('!;) 92, 94-96, 103-105,
259
118 :! (Danubius) 156
/ 56 :& 45, 128, 165, 190, 191, 202, 203, 230
/! (ÃÝíïõêëá) 32, 92-94, 102, 105, 113, :" Dasmini/ Dasmiani, Äïýóìáíåò 206
116, 118 : 10
/& 69 : 213
/& 34 :& T 34
/ 196 :/ :!" 212
/"& 190 : 181, 188
/"& 37, 56, 130, 203 : 162
/" 229 : 43
/ (Ãåôñßíáò) 233 : ( :) 216, 217, 221
/ (ÃåôñéóôÜïõò) 233 :$ 43
/ !& (Ãåô§í dñçìíá) 92 :; 128
/ 166 :" 186
/#% 65 : 175
/ 219, 220 : (ÄéíéóêÜñôá) 93
/; 168 :&/ :& (ÄéíïãÝôåéá) 93, 94,
/" 56 103, 105, 141
/"& 56 : (. ') 33, 34, 114, 115,
/ 72, 73 137
/ (/) 66, 73 :* 9, 10, 11, 13, 65, 67, 73, 79, 101, 102,
/ (/), . 'H<& / 66 110, 137, 138, 141, 143, 160, 161, 174, 193,
/&" . 196 225, 228
/&" * 74 :* 14, 36, 51, 66, 67, 96-99, 101-103,
/&" @ 226, 232 107, 119, 120, 137, 138, 140, 142, 154, 159,
/ =! 185 187, 220
/ 190 : (Doblin) 55
/ #& 151, 152, 190 : 52
/ & 145, 157 :, . 185
/ ?, .. 64 :< "% 166
/ / *"< 224 :!; passim
/ : *"< 224 :!; P*/'!; 32, 92, 96, 98,
/ (Ãñásêïò) 130 105, 107, 110
/ 198 : 146, 175
/ 125, 129 : =! 185
/ (ÃñéãéÜðáíá) 129 : / 65
/& (<) 219, 220 : #& 93, 100, 141, 165, 168, 233
/& 129 : & 143, 151, 192
/*& 30, 219 :"Q 162
/.".; 181, 188 : 138, 142
: 11
:& passim : (=) 199
:" (ÄÜëìáôáò) 54 : 88, 89, 91, 135
:"& 14 :; >! 151
:* 136, 156, :" 182
:* 136, 156 : 186
260
:" (Äñáóßìáñêá) 194 T . 233
: (ÄñåóíåÞê) 195 T! 60, 77, 202
: 86, 175 T*!< 186
: & 187
:! (:.), :! 73, 232 57
:& 166 *! 131
:!/ :! passim '! 10, 36, 38, 50, 51
:! 92 : 79, 80
:!!< # 33 220
:! (Duria) 142 " (Zemplén) 88, 90
:!!" (>) 32, 36, 112 34
:* 28 (. ' ) 137
186
& 27, 139 181
(Å¡îåéíïò ðoíôïò) 29
"& 34 " 65
134 190, 194
", ; 186, 187 (Iglia) 96, 118
(Ogre) . 203, 226 #" 44
(Aegissos), < 117, 118 " (F") 52, 150, 151
# 166 15, 78, 91, 160, 194
113 & 14, 135, 157
(, ) 9, 11, 37, 39, 40, 46, 50, 51, " 51
54, 55, 57, 73, 74, 76, 78, 86, 89, 90, 119-121, 227
132, 159, 160, 201-203, 226 ! 96
51 ( !H) 115
186 72
% ($) 52 120
& (Aeningia) 153, 227 ! 100
187, 188, 210 * 31, 44, 79
52, 188 & 32, 34-36, 42, 45, 92, 107-109, 111-
. 137 113, 115, 116, 177, 192
!" 95 *, (:!) 30, 34, 35, 38, 39, 48,
"& 115 49, 58, 73, 78, 92, 94, 102, 107, 108, 113, 116,
() 124 145, 167, 170, 205
/ () 169 - 11, 24
& 27 & 15, 17, 91, 143
" . 181, 182
"!" 131 X! (Ieterus, F) 203, 222
! (*) 79, 143, 177, 203, 222 X& 29
, * 222
/ 211-213, 217
T# 123 126, 127, 190
T & 181 122, 123
T&# 166 ! (Cagul) 95, 101, 104, 105
T 171 32-36, 42, 43, 93, 111, 112, 114, 195
261
$ 222 &; 128
"& " 204, 206 (ÊïÜóôá) 215
" 166, 168 (.) 197
" . 224 (Y) 123
& 15 !! (Cogurlui) 99, 107
(Êáðáííôóá) 165 * (Cogalnic, H) 97, 98, 105,
!!" (Capedunum) 165 156
(Capidava, Êáðéäáõá, Êáðéäáâá) # 162
34, 1645, 166 & 187
!& (Êáðéóôïõñíá) 164 51
" (Êáðóìáëâá) 165 73, 162
< (Kápos) . 167 " 181
! :;" 115 (Congri) 131, 133
! 166 ! (>) 97, 105
;H 182 (.;), . " 29, 33
! (Kara Su) 29, 30 & (. !) 146, 178
< . 146, 150, 175, 176, 183 124
27 (Koppan) 167
& 15, 29 (Kópany) 167
204 (Koppany) 167
!!" 95 () 167
/ passim (>) 167
229 186
!" 164 ! (Êïðïýóôïñïò) 165
" . 33, 107 (Corin) 55
(ÊáóôåëëïâñÝôáñá) 202 & 187
! 34 187, 188
100 % 181, 188
!% #. 44, 45, 48, 99, 101, 107 " 123
70 128
(ÊÝäñïò) . 31 175
& 187 222
(Cerbatis) 33 Q 122, 125, 129
27 ; :& 177, 190, 201, 203
108, 212, 214 & 125
174 167
=!/ =!& 15, 67 , =! 222
# 197 & 166
187 < . 45, 165, 167
(Cylipenum) 153, 227 !" 182
& 99, 103 211
(. ) 188, 189, 212 181
(Êåsñéò) 32 !" 128
# 99 ! (Cuppe, Êïýðïõò) 165
#. 99, 101 !& ;< 173
!; 62 !<!"& 128
262
! . 190 146
!<" 206 30
*"*! . 195 ", ", " , " 44, 52,
*!< (Căpu) 167 53
* (Câra) 190 ", . 52
.; 30 , 61
60, 61
47 ! (Lotru) 60, 61, 90
(ËáâÝñéïí) 45 66
(, ) 44 ! 168
45 !!< 167
90 ! 198, 224
! (ËÜâïõôæá) 45 ! 46, 47
50, 51 !, 77, 78
, ; #. 51, 52 ! 66
" 52 * (. . @** (Făcăieni) 61
153, 227 * (Latceni) 61
! 57 H 66
61, 63 . 86, 133
, 60, 61 . 126
(Ëáôáñéêßïí) 61
60, 61 182
(Ëáôáñêíïí) 61 215
(mutatio Latina) 58 56, 57, 199
61, 62 43
(Latoria) 60, 61, 88, 90 & 31, 33, 35, 109, 113, 116, 125, 126,
(Latris) 153, 222, 227 128, 135, 143, 187, 188, 192, 201, 212, 217,
222 226
46, 47 27
#. 46, 47 #& 15, 24, 27, 29, 188, 211, 212
() 51 (Malianda) 139
(. !*) 146, 166, 175, 186
178 =!, . =! 185
"! 57 >& (ÌéêñN Óêõèßá) 30, 34, 36, 93,
215 119, 137, 141, 164, 177
128, 130 @ 226, 232, 233
205 *#<& 208
34 % 198, 224
!& 45 (Maro) Marus 112
& 15 ! (Margus) 123
28 169
61 , & ( !<, <) 48, 170,
, Litava (Litva) 61-63, 76 219, 220
175 (D) 19, 169, 204, 208
, =#; 45 & 139
263
, . 134 !, . 203
218 162
(Măcin) 117 **Q 151
'!; 92 . 134
;& 34, 35
& 187
(
<) 49, 52, 68, 190, 191, 206, 211
229
170
! 86
(ÍÜðïõêá) 164, 167
# 113
79, 80
(Ìåñþðç) 181, 183-185
164
"&/ "& 139, 217
! 74
< 131
186
% 182
", . 10
181, 182, 186
,
189, 226
!" 95

#& 17, 30, 36, 54, 64, 68, 69, 71, 90, 113,
(Nicae) 213
117, 118, 120, 124, 129, 132, 134, 135, 143,
& 211
144, 146, 148, 151, 158, 167, 192, 197, 198,
(ÌéêñN Írêáéá), . D$ 213
200, 218
"& (. #") 216
219, 220
108
(Misna) 55
53, 222
% +&#! 112
! 120
(Malva) 165
226, 233
" (+) 21, 205, 225
233
(Mogilina) 55
< 128, 129
(Μόδρα) 86
< 128, 129
49, 52, 70, 72, 172, 229
& 99
231
& 41
. 18, 135, 179, 190, 194, 198, 224,
M 141
226, 228
+ 51
& 15
(>Q) 61
72
!!"/
! 95, 136, 156, 157
162
195
, (Ìþôñåóåò) 90
!H 132, 161
! (Motru) 77, 202
" " 214 !Q 208
! 51, 55 186
!& 20, 36, 44, 49, 51, 52, 59, 64, 69, 35, 102, 111, 195
70, 72, 142-144, 147, 150, 151, 170, 171, 173, / 11, 37, 46, 50, 51, 74, 87, 119, 153,
176, 229 156, 159, 193, 200, 221, 226-228, 232
!< 70, 71, 89, 142, 143, 147, 152, 163, (Odrava) 226
164 228
! 157 , 228
! #. 136, 156, 157 228
! 186 35, 109, 117, 211, 212, 217
264
228 22, 125, 189
9, 73, 131-133, 160, 161, 174 212
%< (%!<) Olaherkes 176 & 14, 58, 64, 88, 100, 101, 140, 143,
& 110, 113 148, 152, 171, 219
" 186 " >! 53
48, 49, 57, 58, 61, 62, 64, 66, 67, 69, 74, 48, 49
77, 79, 171, 176, 184, 189, 197, 198, 203, 206 ! (Ðáñíï™óôá) 126, 127
(Wëòýíè) 58, 64 184
(Wëòýíèöà) 58, 64 (Parsęta) 193
& 20, 44, 59, 61, 62, 64, 90, 147, 176, 34
197, 202 (Parthiscus) 145
(Wëòåö) 58, 64 186
#. 33, 36, 58, 65 . 172
" 58, 64 (Pathissum) 142
" 64 < 225, 229
" 64 Q 225, 229
& 58, 64 (Ðáôñßäáõá) 228, 229
121 $& 15
, () 101-103, 105, 120 % (Pahra) 132, 161
88 95, 154, 218
167 96
164, 166 (Pegnitz) 199
166 & 127
" (’ÏñãÜìç) 107, 115 "< 133
(’Ïñäåóóóò) 38, 48, 170 & &; 66
% 128 &&* 65
208 125, 126, 213, 217
95 125, 126
212 (ÐåñðåñÜêéïí), 182, 183
166 181-183
(IÏóêéïò), Uscus) 207 (Petra) 201, 229
" /Q (. . /Q) 203 #/ (Ðåôñíæçí) 230
" ! (. ) 203 (Ðåôñéôæóò) 230
" 204, 206 . (Petricica) 229-231
(EÏóôáêóò) 213, 216, 217, 221 < (Petris) 229
$ (IÏóôáöïò) 213 (Ðåôñoäáõá) 228, 229
#!" 213, 217, 221 < (Petrosani) 229
*" 195, 203, 205, 206 128
% %& 193 & 229
, (Ðõñåôoò) 170, 172
186 & 113
" 166 58
(Ðáëáóôóëïí) 78, 79 Q . 174
(Ðáëáôíïëïí) 78, 79 & 127
(Palathka) 62 80
(Újpalota, Neupalota), '% 80 80
265
80 !* 171
* 80 & 125
80 * (Păltineni) 80
80 *< (Păltini) 80
53 *! (Păltinul) 80
< (Øéëóí) 99 & ]"!! 49
"* 168
; 168 = (Rednitz) 199
; 21 =! 171
& 49 = (Riedigost) 201
9, 13, 20 =" 173
91 =" . 173
Q& (Polatitea) 80 =; 206
"& 53 =#" (=#") #. 109, 115
10, 13 =! (‘Ñáêïýëç) 177
229 =" 175
() 18, 79 = (‘ÑÜóïò) 193
73, 79 = 193, 193
&; 72, 80 = (Rasia) 193
*"< 224, 225, 229 = . 194
(Połtew) 66, 79 = 190, 191, 192
(Peltew, Połtwa) 79 = 194
(Poltua) 79 = 194
" '!% 227 = 194
/ " 99, 136, 163, 212, 214, = 44
216, 221 = (. : .)
! (Pons Aluti) 59, 60, 63 = 201
113 = 202
48 = (. Ratzeburg) 46
Q 171 = 202
/ (!) 36, 95, 170 =! 180
!" 97, 98, 131 =& 200
181 =< 190-194
(!<", Êóøìèöà) 206 =< & 193
& :!< 49 =< (‘ÑÜóïâïí) 194
% 86 = (Rega) 179, 180
186 =!" (Regianum) 177
& 10, 65 = (Regina) 177
Q 128 = 56
! 128 =# 199
197, 209, 212, 213, 215, 216 = 37, 40, 48, 56, 57, 76, 78, 121, 160, 203
! 36, 48, 96, 97, 103, 107, 120, 131, 134, = 176
154, 157, 159, 187, 220 = (Recidiva) 175
38 =" (Remessiana) 129, 194
!" 53 =, . 190, 191
!! () 210, 211, 217 = 132
266
=& 56 > 38
=& 145 > 166
=! 197 ># 208
= . 48 > 207, 208, 209
=# (+) 109, 205, 225 > 208
= . 38 >- (';) 209
= 127, 169, 181, 184-187, 203, 208, 222 >; 209
= 34 > 208
="& 143 > 209
="! 86 > (>), >- 31
= 185, 186 >& 43
= . (Ropa) 186, 187 >", >" 212, 213, 217
= . (=) 185 >" 29
=, = 185 >"! (>"<) 171, 204
= (. D) 185 > . 50, 133, 154
= ( ) 185 > . 181
= (:) 185 > % 181, 187
= ". 185 >"& 28, 37, 38, 74, 130, 132, 149, 154,
= (Ropczice) 187 155, 157, 166, 192
= 222 >" (' ") 154, 155
= (Rotava) 199 >"#! 90, 178
=<& 45 >& 153
=! (ðóëéò ‘Ñïýãéïí) 179 > / 215
=!, Rugiland 179 >Q (
) 195
=!#" 182 > : 138, 140
=! (‘Ñïõêoíéïí) 176 > " 37, 48, 76, 133
=! 185 > #"& 65
=! 185 > 19
=! 185 >"& 217
=! 185 >" 175
=! 185 > 166
=! 185 > 52, 58, 177, 178, 190
=!, . . =! 185 > 162
=! 182, 185-187 >, >& 49
=! " 196 > 36, 48, 119, 120, 131, 229-231
=! 59 >, >, >& (Óåóôóò, Sestos) 215
=!& (=), . - =. 178, 179, 181 >! 71, 80
=***! 49 > (>!) 78, 79
=**<& (Racădia) 175 >#& 14, 162
=*< (Raca) 194 >!!" 58
=*< (Racani) 194 > 107
=. 180, 220 >& 139
=&% 168 > (Óêáé’í) 209
> (Óêáé’ò ðïôáì’ò) 209, 210
> 44, 59 > (Óêáéás ðýëáé) 208, 209, 211
> . 51, 80, 88, 157 >"* (ÓêÜìáíäñïò), . 211
267
>"& (Scambria) 210, 211 226, 232
># (Scandza) - 162, 179 . 169, 212
>& 41, 159, 179 107
> (ÓêÜñåò) 211 232
>! (Óêáñéùôáóáëïýêñá) 210 232
> (Óêáñßðáñá) 210 168
> (*) 195 (Ôéáãüëá) 99
> (ÓêõôéÜò) 34 (>) 170
>& 73, 108, 111, 137, 143, 170 (Ôßâéóéò) 49, 57, 58
> 107 150, 169, 170
> 196 !" 175
> 204 Tegra, Tegris, Tigris, (Ôßãñá) 134
> 204 ! 38
>!& 46, 47 "< (Timis) 49, 58, 150
>" 123 " 44, 86, 128, 202
>; . 161, 173, 174 212
> 208, 209 212
>! 58 & 139
>"< (Samus) 131, 132 (:*) 36, 38, 39, 92, 94, 97, 98, 131,
>"<! 167 134, 141, 142
>" 112 () 14, 48, 70, 72, 86, 87, 89-91,
> 204 130, 133, 142-149, 151-156, 159, 160, 179, 228
>#" :& 177, 190, 191, 203 & (Tisia) 73, 157
>#" " 214, 217 91
>" 52 88
>* 122, 123, 190, 194 " (Tomos) 29, 30, 32-34, 36, 42, 114
> 190, 203, 222 # (!;) 207, 208, 211, 213
> 222 . 204
> (. !) 133 166
> 186 168
> 27 . 39, 86
>; 185, 186, 208, 209, 212, 213, 216 212
>" 125-127, 186, 205 : 213
>!" 122, 125, 127, 129, 139, 181 ' ('$) 212, 213, 214,
>! 79 216
>&" 204 D 181, 188, 189, 205, 215,
>! 34 217, 226
>!!" 131 & 17, 22, 68, 91, 102, 108, 110, 111, 124,
>! . 130 137, 143, 159, 164, 165, 169, 175, 187, 196,
>! . 39 207-210, 212, 214, 217, 218, 222, 227
>! 143, 175 (Transalba) 44, 45
>! 67 & 57-59, 69, 71, 72, 167, 173, 176,
189, 197, 198, 229
107 #" (Troesmis) 117, 118
(:) 113, 164 $!!" 229
() . 50 209, 211
268
#" (Trosmis) .
@!< 123
!< (Trotus) 229-232 @**< 170, 189
& 43, 209, 210 @** (Făcăieni) 61
& . 203
!; 225 D 57, 76
!#! 197 D# %, D#& 67, 174
! 117 D 27
!; (#) 19, 169, 208, 210, 213 D" 212
! 141 D" (Halmyris) 115
*! !< (Târgu Trotu) 231 D! . 39
*< 151 D (×áðÝôéêéïí) 182
* 197 D (‘Áñðçóó’ò) 181, 182
* 225 D (×áñðÝôéêéïí) 182
.& 40, 43 D, D* ( ) 139, 165, 181, 182,
186-189, 207, 210-212
? (?) ?; 90 D (:) 214, 215
? (Ugra) 69, 124, 131-133, 161 D" 32, 57, 197, 205, 206, 218, 225, 226, 231,
?< 64, 173, 177 233
?; (T!) 90 D"" 177, 207, 208, 210, 212, 217, 233
?; 165 D"! 113, 203, 222, 226
?#" 227 D& 43
? (Ukra, Ucker) 124 D 198
? 9, 66 D" (GÇñìïò) 181, 182
?"!" 58 D& 113
?"! 52, 53 D& 215
?& 15 D (>) 94, 95
? (Ungra) 69, 71 D 182
?!" 131 D (E; '!) . 38
?!" (Uscudama) 207, 208, 210-212, 217 D (‘ÕðåñðåñÜêéïí) 182
? 229 D& 27
?% 76 D 166
?! (+) 100, 203, 222 D& 208
?< 166 DQ 86, 121, 122, 133
D" 69, 74
@ (Feldioara) 74 D& 79
@ 169, 181, 182, 187, 188 D" 70
@ 196 D! 91
@& 212, 214 D! 69
@/ 212 D* 71, 80, 197, 198
@ 38 D*< 33, 107
@! 121
@!!# (Flutausis) @!# (Flautasis) ! (Cius fl.) 168
73, 75, 156, 157 * 52
@ 27
@ 181 M (Ceaga) 99
@& (Öñáôåñßá) 202 M (Celei) 79
269
M 80 E 168, 169
M 182, 185 E 212
M . 29, 99 E - 39
M 29 E& 37, 121, 122, 135
M 122, 125
M " 196, 197 F;->H 28
M *" 203 F; 28
M ", M" passim F 28
M* 171 F 28
M< 224, 226 F; 28
M! . 231 F 28
F 28
] 125 F (Javorniki) 28
] 121 F 28, 232
]#-DQ 37, 39, 40, 43 F 28
] 180 F 28
] # 227 F! #. 44, 45, 48, 99, 101
F! . 44, 104
P 98 F 195, 203, 222-225, 229, 231
F (’Éáôñ§í) 222
E; '! 110, 137, 138, 199 F, F! 32, 61, 222, 227
270

27 (LL .) 27, 38, 39, 126, 127, 226
(270–275) 69 108
(VL .) 56 % 143
* 111, 112 27
41 70, 84
" '" (LD .) 163, 201, 227 167
% 87, 89 " 43
114, 115 173
93, 103, 104 !% 101, 102, 104
(. DV– . DVL .) 163 () 34, 35, 42, 110
* LLL (+) 14, 41, 90, 91, 100
42, 111, 126, 206, 226 %!" () 70, 72, 178
"< 84 '! 182
$ + 121, 220 '" 67
" 144, 145, 147, 149, 207 ' 62
" 212 ' L 173
" 230 ' : (';), '
100 40, 76, 180
' 102 '; (Boz) 137
LL 59 ' L (&#) 193
* 127 '! 181
$ 111 '! 36, 114, 135
181 + 169
181, 182, 187 + (364–375) 40
42 + LL 126
(LLL . . D.) 48 + 117, 118
= 123 +! 41-43, 121, 227
% 145 +#" 219
218 +%" & 122
171, 172 + 67, 137
27, 42 + 117
271
+" >& 174 , (ΖõñÜîçò) 32, 33, 92, 93,
+ D 174 114, 116, 117, 119, 195
+!!$ 137 111, 112
+& 161, 174 110, 119
/ 152 121
/ D 32, 33, 36, 92, 113, 114, (610–641) 141, 160
116 > (VLL .) 56, 57
/ > ! 128 X 61
/% 219 X !# 182-184
/! (Gelou) 167 X 9, 47, 63, 68-73, 75, 100, 120, 136,
/ 62 137, 140, 153, 154, 156, 157, 162, 179, 207,
/ 182 211, 218-220, 222
/ 70-72, 178 X$ 41
/ ! 118 "% 48
/ +!# 188, 212, 217 100
/< 87 # 40
/ 117 56
/! 218 + 41, 75, 87
: (ΔÜðõî) 31-33, 36, 41, 92, 116, 195 181
: L (522–486) 35, 108, 119, 124, 169 + (Keanus Magnus) 91
: 17, 66, 198 (359-341 . . D.) 110, 217
: 219, 220 127
: 33 (268–270) 68
:" 43 29
: 181, 187 " (LL .) passim
: (249–251) 68, 218, 219 68, 218, 219
:#% (:) 100, 101 #" ; 232
: > 35, 164 " 171
: (286–305) 40 144
: 31, 36, 92-94, 113, 116, 152, 195, ' 65, 66, 193
206, 218, 219, 226 + (306–337) 79, 143, 144,
: 43 152, 169, 178, 219
: (LL .) 48, 49 LV 100, 101, 104
:"% 113 LL (337–361) 144, 145, 152
144 209, 211
48 42, 110, 119
39, 207 L (383–359 . . D.) 109, 110, 181,
180 205, 217, 225
171 % 172
$ 27 !" 70, 72
"! 100 215
T$ H +! 100 126, 127
" 111, 112, 119 & :!# 163
# 145, 147, 152 #"% 35, 111, 127
$*145 L 62
272
LL 62 * 172
, , 61, 62 29, 214, 215
143, 169 172
(Loborcy) 91 189
! 41 > (L . . D.) 9, 29, 31, 34, 38,
! " @ 117, 118 39, 137, 139, 142, 149, 153, 154, 158, 162, 164,
* L (457-474) 100 187, 189, 203, 212, 214, 222, 227, 232
. ' (814–840) 87, 88 " 123
&% 14 (LL .) 209-211
. + 163 " 164
(582–602) 9, 21, 41, 79, 81, 91, 140, " 38, 39
141, 171 27, 215, 216
(161–180 . . D.) 137, 143, " (L . . D.) 48
218 172, 178
31-33, 36, 54, 92, 94, 114, *; $ # 170
116-118, 129, 158, 195, 198, 201, 206, 226 9, 30, 34, 41, 86, 115,
+ !! 36, 113, 211, 217 126, 129, 136, 140, 175, 190, 191, 194, 206,
42 208, 230
42, 110 " 170
110 " (LL–L . . D.) 29, 43, 212,
L (407–386 . . D.) 217 214, 215
105 & 221
VL (121–63 . . D.) 32, =" 161, 174
36, 113, 119 =!
! 173
% LL 182 = (‘ÑOïò) 218, 219
113, 119 = (‘ÑÜðôïò) 218, 219
! 172 =!, =! 181, 187
164 =!#" 143
! 121 =" 111, 112, 119
$ % 101, 102 =" L 117
181, 187 = (‘Ñþëçò) 31, 32, 36, 116, 117
32, 117, 118 =! 179
* 100 =!" 145
! (27 . . D. – 14 . . D.) =! 14
117, 118, 163, 181, 187 >. " 218, 219
" 108 > 152
& 216 > (Salanus) 91
(&#) 174 > (>) 35
" 27 > 120
"! 70, 72, 87, 88, 91 > 181
$ 186 > 162
68, 218-220 > L (424–407 . . D.) 35, 109, 217
# 143 > LLL 35, 111
164 > 61, 173
* 79, 81 >" L (893–927) 72
18 & ", L () 273

>" 226 @ (244–249) 68
> (445–424 . . D.) 35, 108, 109, 125, @ LL (359–336 . . D.) 34,
126, 206 35, 42, 110, 126, 189, 206, 211, 217, 226
> 108, 109, 119 @ (Flavius Moco) 196
> 215 @ (601–610) 141
> 137, 164 @ 68
> 188 @ 217
>$ +# (VLL .) 30, 31, 137, 196, @" 112, 119
209, 210, 212-215 @ 145
>$ L (Q) 70, 72, 178 D# (VLL . . D.) 169
> 29, 34, 46, 125, 135, 142, 154, 187, D (. 540–478 . . D.)
208-215 115, 209, 222, 223, 224
9, 39, 121, 149, 153, 158, 162, 179 D 196, 209
LL (379–395) 152 D* 137
$ # 102, 102 D! 42
$ >! (DVLL .) 76 D" 69, 70, 72, 136, 140, 156, 157,
$ >" 41, 79, 81, 171, 200 179
213 D"/ D" 42, 43
L 108 D 100
54, 188 D 137, 153, 222, 233
" 54 D 21, 35, 42, 48, 108, 123, 124, 169, 170,
& 16, 17, 49, 58, 138, 151, 159, 163, 179, 189, 195, 196, 222
229 D ? 214, 215
68 D" 144
! 109, 124, 125, 129 D! 175, 178
?#$ 145 # 32, 187
?! 100 M% 14
@< 61 ]" # 84
@ 212 E L (527–565) 136, 141, 175, 230
274

I ( )

,

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