Power Distribution Systems 1.

7-1
August 2017 Typical Components of a Power System
Sheet 01 081

Typical Power System Because the majority of medium- and Power Equipment Losses
i
low-voltage switchgear is mounted
Components indoors, they are typically provided Table 1.7-1. Power Equipment Losses
in NEMA 1A enclosures. In these Equipment Watts
The System One-line on Page 1.2-4, applications, ventilation openings are Loss ii
illustrates schematically the various normally provided to allow heat to Medium-Voltage Switchgear (Indoor, 5 and 15 kV)
types of power distribution equipment escape from the enclosures. Where 1200 A breaker 600
that an engineer will encounter during required, optional dust screens and 2000 A breaker 1400 1
the design of a power system. It is gasketing can be provided. 3000 A breaker 2100
important to consider the various 4000 A breaker 3700
physical attributes of the various pieces Many indoor applications are in base- Medium-Voltage Switchgear (Indoor, 5 and 15 kV) 2
of electrical equipment that will be ments or areas where condensation 600 A unfused switch 500
utilized as well as the constraints that on the ceiling may leak on top of the 1200 A unfused switch 750
will be encountered in their application. switchgear. Additional concerns may 100 A CL fuses 840 3
arise where sprinklers are provided Medium-Voltage Starters (Indoor, 5 kV)
Electrical equipment that distributes above the switchgear or alternately,
power has a heat loss due to the 400 A starter FVNR 600
impedance and/or resistance of its
on the floor above. Eaton can provide 800 A starter FVNR 1000 4
“sprinkler resistant” low-voltage 600 A fused switch 500
conductors. This heat is radiated into switchgear or low- and medium- 1200 A fused switch 800
the electrical room where the equip-
ment is placed and must be removed
voltage switchgear with a drip hood. Low-Voltage Switchgear (Indoor, 480 V) 5
to ensure excess heat does not cause For outdoor environments, this equip- 800 A breaker 400
1600 A breaker 1000
failures. Table 1.7-1 provides heat loss ment may be mounted in a NEMA 3R
in watts for typical power distribution drip-proof enclosure. Where equipment
2000 A breaker 1500 6
3200 A breaker 2400
equipment that may be used in the is located outdoors, the humidity in the 4000 A breaker 3000
sizing of HVAC equipment. air may condense during evening
hours, resulting in water droplets fall-
5000 A breaker 4700 7
As indicated on the one-line, a Fuse limiters—800 A CB 200
ing on the bus bars in the equipment. Fuse limiters—1600 A CB 500
number of distribution components, Under these circumstances, an optional
are provided with a description of the space heater may be provided and
Fuse limiters—2000 A CB 750
8
Fuse truck—3200 A CB 3600
physical structure in which they are to wired to a thermostat or humidistat Fuse truck—4000 A CB 4500
be enclosed. The National Electrical for control.
Manufacturers Association (NEMA) Structures—3200 A
Structures—4000 A
4000
5000
9
has developed a set of standards to Because many countries around Structures—5000 A 7000
ensure the consistent application the world refer to International
performance of enclosures. Electrotechnical Commission
High resistance grounding 1200 10
Panelboards (Indoor, 480 V)
standards (IEC), designers should
As an example, the panelboard shown reference Table 1.7-5 to determine the 225 A, 42 circuit 300
in Figure 1.2-2 is called out as being appropriate alternate enclosure rating. Low-Voltage Busway (Indoor, Copper, 480 V) 11
NEMA 4X. Table 1.7-2 and Table 1.7-3,
800 A 44 per foot
show the various performance data 1200 A 60 per foot
for these enclosures in indoor and 1350 A 66 per foot 12
outdoor applications respectively. 1600 A 72 per foot
Table 1.7-4 covers enclosures to be 2000 A 91 per foot
installed in explosive or hazardous 2500 A 103 per foot 13
environments. 3200 A 144 per foot
4000 A 182 per foot
5000 A 203 per foot 14
Motor Control Centers (Indoor, 480 V)
NEMA Size 1 starter 39
NEMA Size 2 starter 56 15
NEMA Size 3 starter 92
NEMA Size 4 starter 124
NEMA Size 5 starter 244 16
Structures 200
Adjustable Frequency Drives (Indoor, 480 V)
Adjustable frequency drives > 96% 17
efficiency

Note: The information provided on power 18

equipment losses is generic data intended
to be used for sizing of HVAC equipment.
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CA08104001E For more information, visit: www.eaton.com/consultants