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    Chapter 2 PDF

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    of 9
    68 CHAPTER? Linear Programming Models: Graphical and Computer Methods DISCUSSION QUESTIONS AND PROBLEM: Discussion Questions a 22 2s 24 2s 26 aT Ikisimportant to understand the assumptions under- ving the use of any quantitative analysis model, What are the assumptions and requirements for an LP ‘model tobe formulated and used? Te has been said that each LP problem that has a fea- sible region has an infinite number of sohutions. Exphin, Under what condition i i possible for an LP problen ‘© have more than one optimal solution? ‘Under what condition isi possible for an LP problem ta have an unbounded solution? Develop your awn set of constraint equations and inequalities and use them to illustrate graphically cach ofthe following conditions: (8) An unbounded problem () An infeasible problem (©) Aproblem containing redundant constraints ‘The production manager of a large Cincinnati manufacturing firm once made the statement, “T would lke to use EP, but is a cechnique that operates under conditions of certainty. My plant doesnt have that certainty i's a world of uncertainty. S01 cant be used here” Do you think thie statement thas any merit? Explain why the manager may have ssid ‘The mathematical relationships tha follow were for= iulated by an operations research analyst at the Smith-Lawton Chemical Coropany, Which ones are invalid for use in an LP problem? Why? Maximize profit = 4X, + 3X,Xp + 8Xp + 8X5 subject tothe constraints 2X, +X, 42%; 50 X,- 4X, 26 LSX2 + 6X, +3x, 221 19-033, = 17 5x, 4x +3) < 80 How do computers ai in solving LP problems today? Explain why knowing how to use Excel to set up and solve LP problems may be beneficial to @ managec ‘What are the componente of defining e problem in Excel so that itcan be solved using Solver? How is the slack (or surplus) calculated for a con- straint! How it interpreted? What is an unbounded solution? How does Solver indicate tha problem solution is unbounded? Problems 2.13 Solve the following LP problem by using the graphical procedure and then by using Excel Maximize 5X4 3¥ subject to the constraints Sx 2Y 5.40 ak +6Y $48 ceeded ayer 23 xr 20 2414 Solve the folowing LP problem by using the graphical, procedure end then by using Excel, Minimize X + 2¥ subject te the constraints x43" 2 90 8x +2¥ 2 160 3x +27 2 120 yo <7 XY 20 2-15 Solve the following LP problem by using the graphical procedute and then by using Excel Minimize 4 4 7 subject to the constrains BX+7Y 2231 sox + 2¥ 2 200 woos ax 5 75 xy 2 0 2-16 Solve the following LP problem by using the graphical procedure and then by using Excel: Maximize X-+¥ subject tothe constraints Bx 46Y £29 1X4 $20 Bx-y2 XY 20 2-17 Solve the fellowing LP problem by using the graphical procedure and then by using Excel Maximize 7X+4¥ subject tothe constraints ox4ey 572 ax+or 227 ox-isr2 0 XY 20 2:18 Solve the following LP problem by using the graphical procedure and then by using Excel Minirmioe 3X + 7¥ subject tothe constraints 9X +30 236 4x +5Y 240 X-¥ so 2X £13 xy 20 2-19 Conscer the fllowing four LP formulations. Using a [graphical approach in each case, determine (2) which formulation has more than one aptimal solution. (b) which Formulation bas an unbounded solution, (©) which formulation is infeasible. (@) which formulation as a unique optimal solution Formation 1 Formation 3 Maximize 3X47 BX+6Y 2 42 subject to subject to OK+Y <6 xaoy 212 4x +5¥ 520 8X4 7¥ 256 ws? woos 2x27 x <9 xY 20 XY 20 Rormulation 2 Formulation 4 ‘Maximize 3X + 6Y Maximize 3X + 4Y subjectto subject 0 IN +6Ys a2 ax 47¥ 52) X42¥ <10 2K+Y <6 x os4 x+y 22 w so 2X BD XY 20 XY 20 2.20 Set up and solve the following LP problem, which involves three decision variables, by using Excel: Maximize 284 + 418 + 38C 221 223 subject to the constrains IA +158 -BC < 610 Og A+E+C) Ss A A < 38 B 2 ABC 20 [Not Problem 2.21 102-38 cach iol oly t00 dec arable, Therefore, the discretion of the intructo, they ‘an be elved bp wring te graphical method cel, or bth, Personal Mini Warehouses (PMW) is planning to expand its suecessfol Olando business into Tampa In doing so, the company must determine how mary ‘sorage sheds ofeach siza—large and small—o bid in its 8,000-square-00 facility. Each large shed is 150 square feet in size, equires $1 pet week in advertising, and rents for $50 per week. Each small shed is 50 square feet in zs, equites§1 pee week in advertising, and rents for $20 per weele PMW has a weekly adver. tising budget of $100 and estimates that t can rent 20 ‘more than 40 large sheds in any given week, Formulate PMW's problem as a linear program. Solve by using, ‘he graphical procedure, and den by using Excel {A small magazine publisher wants to determine the bes combination of rwo possible magazines to print for the month of july. Backyard magazine, which he bhas published for years, is steady seller"The pub: lisher wonts to make sure he prints atleast 400 eopios fo meet his demand from the newsstands. Porch i a new venture and has received te benefit ofa great deal of advance publicity. The publisher is hoping that by positioning it neat Backyard, he will pik up some spillover demand from his regular readers. Also, bre is hoping thatthe advertising campaign will bring Jn anew typeof reader fan a potentially very lucra- ‘ive market. He wants to print at least 300 copies of Porch. The cover price for Backyard ig $3.50; he is pricing Porch at $4.50 because otber magazines inthis market seem to be able to command this type oF higher price. The publisher has 36 houss of printing ‘ume available fr ths production run, He also has 30 ‘pours inthe collation department, where the maga- ines are actually assembled, Fach Backyard requires 2.5 minutes per copy to print and 1.8 minutes per ‘copy to collate, Each Porch requies 2 minutes to print and 2 minutes 19 collate. How many ofeach magazine should the publisher print co maximize his revenue? An architect wishes to design the safety deposit room fora bank safe Fe plans to place safety deposit boxes approximately 6 fet high along the length of the room's walls, 40 feet. The bank has asked hima 10 plan for evo sizes of bx: large and stall. Large boxes (which consume 122.4 square inches) will rent for $40 per year. Small baxes (which consume 172 square inches) wil ent for $30 per year. The bank. bra ake fora least 380 total boxes, of which a east, 0 boxes should be large. The bank hopes to maxi mize its revenue for safety deposit boxes. How many boxes of each size should the architec’s design provider 2-24 The Sweet Snel Fertilzes Company markets bags of ‘manure labeled “not less than 60 pounds dry weigit” ‘The packaged manure is a combination of compost and sewage wastes, Each pound of compost costs Sweet Smel $0.05 and has ferilizer rating of 2 unit, Ech pound of sewage costs 8.04 and hae a fertzer rating of 1 unit. To provide good-quality fertilize, exch bag should contain at lest 35 pounds of com post, not more shan 40 pounds of sewage, and have @ total fertilizer zating of at Jeast 100 units Determine the lowest-cost blend of compost and sewage in each bag, 2-25 National Credit Union fas $250,000 available to invest in 12-month commitment, The money can be placed in treasury notes {with a return of 896 and a tisk score of 2) or in municipal bonds (with a seturn (of 96 and a risk score of 3). Credit union regulations require diversification tothe extent that between 503% ‘and 70%6 ofthe fotal investment must be placed in treasury notes. Also, due to past default in such municipalities as Cleveland and New York, it i decided that she average risk score of the total invest= ‘ment should be no more than 2.42. How much should National Credit Union inves in each security 50 a to maximize its retura on investment? 2-26 The advertising agency promoting the new Breem ishwashing detergert wants to get the bes exposure possible forthe product within the $95,200 adrertis- ing budget ceiling placed upon it, Ta dose, the agency need to decide how much of the budget to spend on each of its two most affective media: (1) television spots during the afternoon hours and (2) large ads in the city’s Sunday newspaper. Each television spot

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