Bulletin 589 Bureau oF Mines INTRODUCTION TO MINE VENTILATING PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICES By D.S. Kingery UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE WASHINGTON : 1960UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Fred A. Seaton, Secretary BUREAU OF MINES Marling J. Ankeny, Director This publication has been cataloged as follow: Kingery, Donald Samuel. Introduction to mine ventilating principles and practices, Washington, U.S. Govt. Print. Off., 1960. iv, 54 p. illus, tables. 260m. (U.S. Bureau of Mines. Bulletin, 589) Bibliography: p. 54, 1. Mine ventilation. 1, Title. (Series) "TN23.U4 no. 589 622.06173 U.S. Dept. of the Int, Library For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Otfice Washington 25, D.C. - Price 40 centsCONTENTS ae Page PART I—Continued introduetion. 1 Acknowledgments 1 Natural-ventilation influence of air densities— Syimbols and abbreviations. 2 Continued Review of elementary fundamentals. 2 ‘Mine density. oe Weighted average of densities. -——~ PART I halt A. Air measuremer 5 Bhatt B. Moderate-velocity airflow measurements 5 PART ID Low-velocity airflow measurements. hevelocity airflow measurements. Application of airflow fundamentals. - Infuence stat aensiee - 8 Derivation of ventilating formulas Fundamentals of airflow. 16 Solution of problem examples Pressure losses, : 16 Problem 1: Pressure volume computations Parallel flow in airways. - or or a new mine - Splitting air currents a 18 Calculation of ® factors ir losses from leakage. - [oe Explanation of computation sheet. Mechanical ventilation 53 Problem 2: Fan pressure necessary to in- Selection of fans.——- - 24 reser ouandity in an old mine Ran tests. 2 es ‘Calculation of rs Pans in series SU a9 Problei 3: Practical application of fan laws Fans in parallel. - 30 ‘and air densities - Fans in eombinaiion, - 35 ‘Computation ‘Natural-ventilation influenee of air densitie 35 Problem 4: Improved face ventilation by Shaft A —- 8B means of new air shaft. 20 Shaft Bo : 36 Caleulation of factors = Surface density a 36 Ventilation reference material ILLUSTRATIONS Corrected fan-performance curve at average Toeal air density Pressure changes fir a ventilating system for ‘blowing and exhausting fans. Combined 'characteristics of two identical fans operating, in series. |. Combined character fans operating in series |. ‘Two identical fans operating ‘Two different fans operating in parallel Parallel fans operat Combined operation of two Tofluence of atiral draft to mechanieal- ventilation performance. . Example of conditions causing natural draft 26, Mine and ventilation plan: Problem 1 Mine and ventilation plan: Problem 2 Plotted fun data: Problem 8 29. Line diagram: Problem 4-2 Pressure gradient: Problem 4.-——- Graph of fan data: Problem 4 Line diagram with new air shaft: Problew 4. Anemometer calit One-half area traverse, left side == One-half area traverse, right side__ Bureaa of Mines-type sinoke-cloud gener- ‘Smoke-cloud release Example of smoke-cloud measurement ilustration of pitot tube. Diagram position traverse points, circular aimameaturerent section. 10, Airflow with natural splitting. 11. Example of airflow splitting 12, Example of airflow splitting, with regulation 13, Iustration of air-leakage losses. Tf. Relationship between fan characteristic and mine resistance - 15. Comparison of characteristic curves for fan operating at different spoeds’ and blade settings ‘of two different enone el