Advances in Polymer Science Fortschritte der Hochpolymeren-Forschung Volume 16 Edited by H.-J. Cantow, Freiburg i. Br. -G. DALL’AsTa, Milano - J. D. FERRY, Madison H.Funtta, Osaka - M. Goon, Colchester - W. KERN, Mainz G. NATTA, Milano S. OKAMURA, Kyoto - C. G. OVERBERGER, Ann Arbor - W. PRINS, Syracuse G.V. Sctutz, Mainz - W. P. SLICHTER, Murray Hill - A. J. StavERMAN, Leiden 1K. Suze, Iowa City With 36 Figures Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg New York 1974Editors Prof. Dr. Hans-Joacim CanTow, Institut fir Makromolekulare Chemie der Universitit, 7800 Frei- burg i. Br., Stefan-Meier-Str. 31, BRD Prof. Dr. GiNo DaLL’Asta, Istituto di Chimica, Industriale del Politecnico, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, Milano, Italia Prof. Dr. Jou D. Ferry, Department of Chemistry, The University of Wis Wisconsin 53706, US.A. Prof. Dr. Hirosii Fumta, Osaka University, Department of Polymer Science, Toyonaka, Osaka, Japan Prof. Dr. MANERED GORDON, University of Essex, Department of Chemistry, Wivenhoe Park, Colchester CO43SQ, England Prof. Dr. WERNER KERN, Institut fir Organische Chemie der Universitat, 6500 Mainz, BRD Prof. Dr. Gtutio NartA, Istituto di Chimica Industriale del Politecnico, Milano, Italia Prof. Dr. Seizo OxamuRa, Department of Polymer Chemistry, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan Prof. Dr. CHARLES G, OvERBERGER, The University of Michigan, Department of Chemistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48 104, US.A. Prof. Dr. Wittem Prins, Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, Syracuse, N. Y. 13210, US.A. Prof. Dr. GOnteR Victor SCHULZ, Institut fir Physikalische Chemie der Universitit, 6500 Mainz, BRD Dr. WILLIAM P. SticHTER, Bell Telephone Laboratories Incorporated, Chemical Physies Research Department, Murray Hill, New Jersey 07971, U.S.A. Prof. Dr. ALBERT JAN STAVERMAN, Chem, Laboratoria der Rijks-Universiteit, afd. Fysische Chemie I, ‘Wassenaarseweg, Postbus 75, Leiden, Nederland Prof. Dr. Jou K. STILE, University of lowa, Department of Chemistry, lowa mnsin, Madison 6, ty, USA. ISBN 3-540-06930-5 Springer-Verlag Berlin - Heidelberg - New York ISBN 0-387-06930-5 Springer-Verlag New York - Heidelberg - Berlin “The use of general descrive names, trade marks, et. jn this publication, even ifthe former are not especially identified, {is not tobe taken assign that such names, as understood by the Trade Marks and Merchandise Marks Act, may ‘accordingly be ured frely by anyone ‘This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically those of translation, reprinting, re-use of illustrations, broadcasting, reproduction by photocopying, ‘machine or similar means, and storage in data banks. Under § 54 of the German Copyright Law where copies are ‘made for other than private use, a fee is payable to the publisher, the amount (o the fee to be determined by agreement with the publisher. © by Springer-Verlag Berlin - Heidetberg 1974. Library of Congress Catalog Card ‘Number 61-642. Printed in Germany. Typesetting and printing: Brihlsche Universititedruckere, GieBenChemical Engineering and Materials Science Departments, Northwestern University, L 2 24. 22. 221. 222. 223. 224, 225. 23, 24, Summary . Zero-Shear Viscosity yo... . The Entanglement Concept in Polymer Rheology WILLIAM W. GRAESSLEY Evanston, Illinois 60201, U.S.A. Table of Contents Introduction Cain Configuration in Amorphous Polymer Systerns General Considerations ........ ane Large Scale Configuration on Concentrated Systems Theoretical Aspects. 2... Evidence on Chain Dimensions from Physical Measurements Collapsed Coil Theories. . Evidence on Chain Dimensions from Chemical Properties. Extended Configuration Theories 2... . — Short-Range Organization in Concentrated Systems Structural Aspects of Flow and Flow History Summary... 0... Material Properties of Viscoelastic Ligids Molecalar Modes in Polymer Rheology Introduction... a Necklace Models . 2 2 2 2 2 ee Spring-Bead Models 2 Configurational Relaxation |. 111111. ll ResponsetoFlow .. 2... de aa Properties of Alternative Models Discussion Experimental Results on Linear Viscoelastic Behavior Introduction © 6. ee Very Dilute Solutions» 2) 2. Concentration Effects and Intermolecular Interaction. |... |. |. Parameters Measuring Intermolecular Interactions... .... Viscosity Correlations 3, Relationships between Low and High Concentration Regimes Anomalous Flow Properties at Intermediate Concentrations Concentrated Solutions and Melts Properties of the Plateau Modulus G& . Properties of the Terminal Zone Spectrum |. The Steady State Compliance JO... - . . Effects of Molecular Weight Distribution eo