Types of cement

Type Name
Type I (OPC
OPC)) Normal
Type IA OPC,
OPC, air-
air-entraining
Type II (MPC),
MPC), Modified PC
Moderate sulfate resistance
Type IIA MPC,
MPC, air-
air-entraining
Type III RHPC
RHPC,, Rapid Hardening PC,
Type IIIA RHPC,
RHPC, air-
air-entraining
Type IV LHPC
LHPC,, Low heat of hydration
Type V SRPC,
SRPC, High sulfate resistance
Strength Development of Portland
Cement mortar cubes
 ‫‪Type I , OPC,‬‬
‫‪OPC, cement‬‬
‫
ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ در روﻳﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺑﺘﻨﻲ‪ ،‬ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎي ﺑﺘﻨﻲ‪ ،‬ﭘﻠﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻣﺨﺎزن‪ ،‬ﻟﻮﻟﻪ‬
‫ﻫﺎ و ﻏﻴﺮه دارد‪.‬‬
‫
زﻣﺎﻧﻲ از آن اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮد ﻛﻪ ﺗﺪﺑﻴﺮ ﺧﺎﺻﻲ ﻣﻮرد ﻧﻴﺎز ﻧﺒﺎﺷﺪ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ‬
‫اﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺗﻬﺎﺟﻢ ﺳﻮﻟﻔﺎﺗﻬﺎ از ﺧﺎك و ﻳﺎ آب ﻣﻮﺟﻮد ﻧﺒﻮده و ﺑﺎﻻ رﻓﺘﻦ دﻣﺎ‬
‫ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺗﻲ را اﻳﺠﺎد ﻧﻜﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
 ‫‪Type II , MPC,‬‬
‫‪MPC, cement‬‬
‫
وﻗﺘﻲ ﻛﻪ اﺣﺘﻤﺎل ﺗﻬﺎﺟﻢ ﺳﻮﻟﻔﺎﺗﻬﺎ ﺑﻪ اﻧﺪازه ﻣﻼﻳﻢ وﺟﻮد داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ زه ﻛﺸﻬﺎ و‬
‫ﺳﺎزه ﻫﺎي در ﻣﻌﺮض آب ﻫﺎي زﻳﺮ زﻣﻴﻨﻲ از اﻳﻦ ﻧﻮع ﺳﻴﻤﺎن اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮد‪.‬‬
‫
ﻣﻴﺰان ‪ C3A‬آن ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻ از ‪ %8‬ﻛﻤﺘﺮ اﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫
ﮔﺮﻣﺎي ﻛﻤﺘﺮي از ﺳﻴﻤﺎن ﺗﻴﭗ ﻳﻚ اﻳﺠﺎد ﻣﻴﻜﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮ اﻳﻦ در ﺑﺘﻨﻬﺎي ﻧﺴﺒﺘﺎ ﺣﺠﻴﻢ‬
‫ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺷﻤﻊ ﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﻮﻧﺪاﺳﻴﻮﻧﻬﺎ و دﻳﻮار ﻫﺎي ﺣﺎﺋﻞ و در ﺑﺘﻦ رﻳﺰي در آب و ﻫﻮاي ﮔﺮم‬
‫ﻧﻴﺰ ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد دارد‪.‬‬
 ‫‪Type III, RHPC,‬‬
‫‪RHPC, cement‬‬
‫
ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻪ ﺳﻴﻤﺎن ﺗﻴﭗ ﻳﻚ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺑﺎ اﻳﻦ ﺗﻔﺎوت ﻛﻪ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ آﺳﻴﺎب ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫
ﻛﺴﺐ ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ اوﻟﻴﻪ ﺑﺎﻻ در ﻳﻚ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ و ﻳﺎ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ‪ ،‬از ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻴﺎت اﻳﻦ ﻧﻮع ﺳﻴﻤﺎن ﻣﻴﺒﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫
در زﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻧﻴﺎز ﺑﻪ ﻛﺴﺐ ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ ﺳﺮﻳﻊ )ﻗﻄﻌﺎت ﭘﻴﺶ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ و ﻳﺎ وارد ﻛﺮدن ﺑﺎرﻫﺎي‬
‫ﺑﻬﺮه ﺑﺮداري( و ﻳﺎ ﺑﺎز ﻛﺮدن ﺳﺮﻳﻊ ﻗﺎﻟﺒﻬﺎ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ از اﻳﻦ ﺳﻴﻤﺎن اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻣﻴﺸﻮد‪.‬‬
‫
در آب و ﻫﻮاي ﺳﺮد ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻠﺖ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﺪت زﻣﺎن ﻋﻤﻞ آوري ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد دارد‪.‬‬
 ‫‪Type IV, LHPC,‬‬
‫‪LHPC, cement‬‬
‫
زﻣﻠﻨﻲ ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻗﺮار ﻣﻴﮕﻴﺮد ﻛﻪ ﻻزم ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﮔﺮﻣﺎي ﻫﻴﺪراﺗﺎﺳﻴﻮن ﻣﺤﺪود‬
‫ﺷﻮد‪.‬‬
‫
ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﻛﺴﺐ ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ اﻳﻦ ﺳﻴﻤﺎن از ﺳﺎﻳﺮ اﻧﻮاع آن ﻛﻤﺘﺮ اﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫
در ﺑﺘﻦ رﻳﺰﻳﻬﺎي ﺣﺠﻴﻢ اﺣﺘﻤﺎل وﻗﻮع ﺗﺮك ﺧﻮردﮔﻲ ﻧﺎﺷﻲ از ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﮔﺮﻣﺎي‬
‫ﻫﻴﺪراﺗﺎﺳﻴﻮن ﺑﺎﻻ وﺟﻮد دارد‪ ،‬ﻟﺬا در اﻳﻦ ﺑﺘﻨﻬﺎ از اﻳﻦ ﻧﻮع ﺳﻴﻤﺎن اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻣﻴﺸﻮد‪.‬‬
‫
در آب و ﻫﻮاي ﮔﺮم ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﻴﺘﻮاﻧﺪ ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻗﺮار ﮔﻴﺮد‪.‬‬
 ‫‪Type V, SRPC‬‬
‫‪SRPC,, cement‬‬
‫در ﺑﺘﻨﻬﺎي در ﻣﻌﺮض ﺗﻬﺎﺟﻢ ﺳﻮﻟﻔﺎت ﺷﺪﻳﺪ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻣﻴﺸﻮد‪.‬‬ ‫
‬
‫ﻋﻠﺖ اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ آن در ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ ﺳﻮﻟﻔﺎﺗﻬﺎ ﻧﺎﺷﻲ از ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ‪ C3A‬ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫
‬
‫دوام در ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ ﺗﻬﺎﺟﻢ اﺳﻴﺪﻫﺎ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻧﻤﻴﻜﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫
‬
‫در ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻬﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻬﺠﻢ ﻛﻠﺮاﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﻫﻤﺰﻣﺎن وﺟﻮد دارد ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻗﺮار ﮔﻴﺮد‪.‬‬ ‫
‬
‫‪Tables No. 9-3-1, 9-3-2, 9-3-3, ninth part of Iranian Standard‬‬
‫‪Requirements of cement types‬‬
‫‪Air--Entraining Portland Cements, (Types IA, IIA,‬‬
‫‪Air‬‬ ‫‪IIA, and IIIA‬‬
‫))‪IIIA‬‬
‫
ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﺎت ﺷﻴﻤﻴﺎﻳﻲ اﻳﻦ ﺳﻴﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻪ ﺳﻴﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎي ﭘﺮﺗﻠﻨﺪ ﺗﻴﭗ ﻳﻚ‪ ،‬دو و ﺳﻪ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺑﺠﺰ‬
‫اﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﻣﻘﺪار ﻛﻤﻲ از ﻣﻮاد ﺣﺒﺎب زا در ﻛﺎرﺧﺎﻧﻪ در ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ آﺳﻴﺎب ﻧﻤﻮدن ﺑﻪ آن اﻓﺰوده ﺷﺪه‬
‫اﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫
اﻳﻦ ﺳﻴﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎ ﺣﺒﺎب ﻫﺎي ﻫﻮاي رﻳﺰ ﻣﺠﺰاي از ﻫﻢ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﻳﻜﻨﻮاﺧﺖ ﭘﺨﺶ ﺷﺪه اﻧﺪ‬
‫اﻳﺠﺎد ﻣﻴﻜﻨﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﻣﻬﻤﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد اﻳﻦ ﺣﺒﺎﺑﻬﺎ اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ در ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ ﻳﺦ زدن و آب ﺷﺪن‬
‫ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
Time of Set for Portland Cements
 Type Name Heat of hydration
(kj/kg)
I Normal 349
II Moderate 263
III High early strength 370
IV Low heat of hydration 233
V Sulfate resistant 310

Cements do not generate heat

at constant rate as illustrated
in the Figure for a typical type
I Portland cement
 ‫‪Special Cements‬‬
‫‪White and Coloured Portland Cement‬‬
‫
در ﺳﺎﺧﺖ آن از ﻣﻮاد ﺧﺎم ﻓﺎﻗﺪ اﻛﺴﻴﺪﻫﺎي آﻫﻦ و ﻣﻨﻴﺰﻳﻢ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻣﻴﺸﻮد‪.‬‬
‫
ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﺎت ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺳﻴﻤﺎن ﺗﻴﭗ ﻳﻚ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫
ﺳﻴﻤﺎن رﻧﮕﻲ ﺑﺎ اﻓﺰودن داﻧﻪ ﻫﺎي رﻧﮕﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻴﻤﺎن ﺳﻔﻴﺪ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﻣﻴﺸﻮد‪.‬‬
‫
ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد در ﻧﻤﺎ ﻫﺎ از دﻳﺪﮔﺎه ﻣﻌﻤﺎري ﻣﻴﺒﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
Chemical composition and Fineness of
Cements
 Blended Hydraulic Cements

These cements are produced by intimately and uniformly
blending the Portland cement and the by-
by-product materials,
such as blast-
blast-furnace slag (next slide), fly ash, silica fume and
other pozzolans
pozzolans..

Tables No. 9-3-7, 9-3-8, 9-3-9

ninth part of Iranian Standard

Masonry Cements

These cements are used in mortar for
masonry construction. Including 30
30%% clay
Expansive
These cements are primarily used in concrete
for shrinkage control.
Cements
 Portland Blast-
Blast-Furnace Slag Cement:

OPC clinker + 25
25--60
60%% granulated blast-
blast-furnace slag.

Granulated blast-
blast-furnace slag is a waste product of the
manufacture of iron. A proper slag is a mixture of:of:
Lime = 40 40%
%, Silica = 30
30%
%, Alumina = 20%20%, Magnesia = 5%
Alkali Oxides = 1%

This cement is less reactive than OPC and gains strength at a
slower rate during first 28 days, so adequate curing is essential.
Properties;;
Properties

suitable for mass concrete

unsuitable for cold weather

has high sulfate resistance (suitable for use in sea-
sea-water
construction).
 High Alumina Cement (HAC):

The raw materials of HAC are limestone and bauxite containing
Al2O3, Fe2O3, FeO, TiO2) which are interground and calcined at
1600°°C in the kiln
1600 kiln.. The solidified material is fragmented and
ground to a fineness of 2500-
2500-3000 cmcm22/gr
/gr.. Its color is dark grey
grey..
Properties;

High resistance to sulfate waters (due to absence of Ca(OH)2).

Extremely high early strength (suitable for emergency repairs).
80
80% % of the ultimate strength is achieved in 24 hours or even at 6-
8 hours. Initial set = 4 hrs. Final set = 5 hrs.

Rapid hardening is not accompanied by rapid setting.

With special aggregates such as firebrick, it can be used to make
refractory concrete that can stand high furnace temperature (T>
1300°°C).
1300

It is expensive.

Never use HAC in mass concrete.

Never use with an admixture.

Never mix HAC with PC (flash set and low strength). 14