RAZONES DE LIQUIDEZ

𝐶𝑎𝑝𝑖𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑁𝑒𝑡𝑜 𝑑𝑒 𝑇𝑟𝑎𝑏𝑎𝑗𝑜 = 𝐴𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑜 𝐶𝑖𝑟𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑒 − 𝑃𝑎𝑠𝑖𝑣𝑜 𝐶𝑖𝑟𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑒

𝐴𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑜 𝐶𝑖𝑟𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑒
𝑅𝑎𝑧𝑜𝑛 𝐶𝑜𝑟𝑟𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒 =
𝑃𝑎𝑠𝑖𝑣𝑜 𝐶𝑖𝑟𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑒
𝐴𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑜 𝐶𝑖𝑟𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑒 − 𝐼𝑛𝑣𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑜
𝑅𝑎𝑧𝑜𝑛 𝑑𝑒 𝑝𝑟𝑢𝑒𝑏𝑎 𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑑𝑎 =
𝑃𝑎𝑠𝑖𝑣𝑜 𝐶𝑖𝑟𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑒
RAZON DE APALANCAMIENTO
𝑃𝑎𝑠𝑖𝑣𝑜 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙
𝑅𝑎𝑧𝑜𝑛 𝑑𝑒 𝑑𝑒𝑢𝑑𝑎 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 =
𝐴𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑜𝑠 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙𝑒𝑠
𝑃𝑎𝑠𝑖𝑣𝑜 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙
𝑅𝑎𝑧𝑜𝑛 𝑑𝑒𝑙 𝑝𝑎𝑠𝑖𝑣𝑜 − 𝑐𝑎𝑝𝑖𝑡𝑎𝑙 =
𝑃𝑎𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑚𝑜𝑛𝑖𝑜
RAZON DE ACTIVIDAD
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑡𝑜𝑠 𝑑𝑒 𝑣𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑠
𝑅𝑎𝑧𝑜𝑛 𝑑𝑒 𝑟𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑑𝑒 𝑖𝑛𝑣𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑜 =
𝑖𝑛𝑣𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑜
𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑠 𝑑𝑒𝑙 𝑎ñ𝑜
𝑅𝑎𝑧𝑜𝑛 𝑑𝑒 𝑟𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑑𝑒 𝑖𝑛𝑣𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑜 =
𝑟𝑎𝑧𝑜𝑛 𝑑𝑒 𝑟𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑑𝑒 𝑖𝑛𝑣𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑜
𝑣𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑠 𝑛𝑒𝑡𝑎𝑠 𝑎𝑙 𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑑𝑖𝑡𝑜
𝑟𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑑𝑒 𝑐𝑢𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑠 𝑝𝑜𝑟 𝑐𝑜𝑏𝑟𝑎𝑟 =
𝑐𝑢𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑠 𝑝𝑜𝑟 𝑐𝑜𝑏𝑟𝑎𝑟 𝑛𝑒𝑡𝑎𝑠
𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑠 𝑑𝑒𝑙 𝑎ñ𝑜
𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑜𝑑𝑜 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑑𝑖𝑜 𝑑𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑏𝑟𝑜 =
𝑖𝑛𝑑𝑖𝑐𝑒 𝑑𝑒 𝑟𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛
𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑟𝑎𝑠 𝑎𝑛𝑢𝑎𝑙𝑒𝑠
𝑟𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑑𝑒 𝑐𝑢𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑠 𝑝𝑜𝑟 𝑝𝑎𝑔𝑎𝑟 =
𝑐𝑢𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑠 𝑝𝑜𝑟 𝑝𝑎𝑔𝑎𝑟 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑣𝑒𝑒𝑑𝑜𝑟𝑒𝑠
𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑠 𝑑𝑒𝑙 𝑎ñ𝑜
𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑜𝑑𝑜 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑑𝑖𝑜 𝑑𝑒 𝑝𝑎𝑔𝑜 =
𝑟𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑑𝑒 𝑐𝑢𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑠 𝑝𝑜𝑟 𝑝𝑎𝑔𝑎𝑟
𝑣𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑠
𝑟𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑑𝑒 𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑜𝑠 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙𝑒𝑠 =
𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑜𝑠 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙𝑒𝑠
RAZONES DE RENTABILIDAD
𝑣𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑠 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑡𝑜𝑠 𝑑𝑒 𝑣𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑠 𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑑𝑎𝑑 𝑏𝑟𝑢𝑡𝑎
𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑔𝑒𝑛 𝑑𝑒 𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑑𝑎𝑑 𝑑𝑒 𝑜𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛 = −
𝑣𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑠 𝑣𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑠
𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑑𝑎𝑑 𝑑𝑒 𝑜𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛
𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑔𝑒𝑛 𝑑𝑒 𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑑𝑎𝑑 𝑑𝑒 𝑜𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛 =
𝑣𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑠 𝑛𝑒𝑡𝑎𝑠
𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑑𝑎𝑑 𝑑𝑒𝑠𝑝𝑢𝑒𝑠 𝑑𝑒 𝑖𝑚𝑝𝑢𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑜
𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑔𝑒𝑛 𝑑𝑒 𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑑𝑎𝑑 𝑛𝑒𝑡𝑎 =
𝑣𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑠 𝑛𝑒𝑡𝑎𝑠
𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑑𝑎𝑑𝑒𝑠 𝑛𝑒𝑡𝑎𝑠 𝑑𝑒𝑠𝑝𝑢𝑒𝑠 𝑑𝑒 𝑖𝑚𝑝𝑢𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑜
𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑖𝑚𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑜 𝑑𝑒𝑙 𝑐𝑎𝑝𝑖𝑡𝑎𝑙 =
𝑐𝑎𝑝𝑖𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑑𝑒 𝑙𝑜𝑠 𝑎𝑐𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑠
𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑑𝑎𝑑 𝑛𝑒𝑡𝑎 𝑑𝑒 𝑖𝑚𝑝𝑢𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑜
𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑖𝑚𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑜 𝑑𝑒 𝑙𝑎 𝑖𝑛𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛 =
𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑜𝑠 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙𝑒𝑠
PUNTO DE EQUILIBRIO
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑡𝑜 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙(𝐶𝑇) = 𝐶𝐹 + (𝐶𝑉 ∗ 𝑄)
𝑖𝑛𝑔𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑜𝑠 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙𝑒𝑠 = 𝑄 ∗ 𝑝
𝑄 ∗ 𝑝 = 𝐶𝐹 + (𝑄 ∗ 𝐶𝑉)
𝐶𝐹
𝑄=
𝑝 − 𝐶𝑉
GRADO DE APALANCAMIENTO OPERATIVO Y FINANCIENRO
𝑀𝐶 ∆%𝑈𝐴𝐼𝐼 𝑄 ∗ (𝑃 − 𝐶𝑉)
𝐺𝐴𝑂 = 𝐺𝐴𝑂 = 𝐺𝐴𝑂 𝑛𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑙 𝑑𝑒 𝑣𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑠 𝑄 =
𝑈𝐴𝐼𝐼 ∆%𝑉𝑇𝐴 𝑄 ∗ (𝑃 − 𝐶𝑉) − 𝐶𝐹
∆%𝑈𝑃𝐴 𝑈𝐴𝐼𝐼
𝐺𝐴𝐹 = 𝐺𝐴𝐹 =
∆%𝑈𝐴𝐼𝐼 𝐷𝐼𝑉
𝑈𝐴𝐼𝐼 − 𝐼 − (1 − 𝑇𝐴𝑋)
CICLO OPERATIVO Y EFECTIVO
𝐶𝑂 = 𝐸𝑃𝐼 + 𝑃𝑃𝐶 𝐶𝐶𝐸 = 𝐶𝑂 − 𝑃𝑃𝑃