Cognitivism

1. Theorist:
Jerome Bruner. Ulric Neisse- (1967) publishes "Cognitive Psychology", which marks
the official beginning of the cognitive approach.

2. Cognitivism focuses on the mind, and more specifically, mental proceses such as
thinking, knowing, memory, and problem-solving, with the goal of opening the “black
box” of the human mind, the process of which is deemed valuable and necessary for
learning to occur. Knowledge is approached as schema constructions, and learning is
viewed as a change in the learner's schemata, or the redefining of prior knowledge.

3. In the perspective of a learner, students are mentally challenged to increase their

knowledge of a certain topic in school. Students are constantly challenged to process
information, and they receive pride from doing so.

4. In a teacher’s perspective, it is important for the teacher to carefully plan what, how, and
why a student should process the information. As described in cognitivism, the mind can
process and learn like a computer. Therefore, the teachers have the responsibility to teach
what is important and how it can challenge the students to gain more knowledge.