PERFORMANCE THEORY Revised and expanded edition RICHARD SCHECHNER5 TOWARD A ee PERFORMANCE HUNTING CIRCUITS, CEREMONIAL CENTERS, ‘AND THEATERS ‘The east human sce were hunting and gathering bands. These bands were nether pane nr or the bet evidence soggets an ‘budance of fod smal amie (ih col wae rated) and an {stated range. Humane did not live Ione spt neler Gd hey ‘wander aimless Fach tod had Hs own celta more o less aed ‘ute through tinespae. I say “telspace™ becuse the hunting ‘edule was ot ratios tok nto count the mavement of game times en game was assembled none are, when cera eis as154 PERFORMANCE THEORY sd ute were ie fr gathering concentration of bands tok place, This ail happen smug the fe ting and gathering peoples ein the Kashar withthe kang, the concer the Aan borg Ines The faming apd hunting te of Highinde New Calne tage ‘datorate “payback” or exchange ceremonies on 4 regi ase (ee ‘Sapter 8 grmages omy teunione marked by fasting andthe ‘xchange ofits, poches and going the theater ae ober a tone ont same action f concent, exchange or greaway, and Sipe ‘VitndF. Reynolds report striking similar phenomenon among the chimpanzees the Bundongo Forestin Uganda THe Reyna sont ake me want to oot going out the heater” o “ceremonial ahr {ng in behavior common to humans and certain other specs | Garner (194: 59-40 wrote tat, acsoning tative heey, “one of ‘he most remakae habits ofthe chpance ta scaled Inthe native onguc The word imple tore of Use Sen oa ‘alee bebeved that more than one ely takes pr in these e tes" He went ont desc how the cmpanatesfashon 4 dh Irom damp clay and wat fort to dry. Then "the chimpanzees seh ‘ety nigh gent number anthen the cara gine One ‘Beat violent on his ry cy, whe others up up and down ia 1d grotegue manne, Sone the ute ng ing sound ei trying to sings andthe festive continue in the faton for Tours" Apart om the question othe drum, te acount ven above esc qule wel what ocured inthe Bondonge fore fs ‘etree fra we heard se ines, one when we ere very ne {hetour or tne tld for fow hou daring ne apie "The “caval consisted of prolonged ote for prods of hare, whereas erdiary cute of cling sod drumming tated 2 ew ‘nines on. Although wan pono kaw the earn forth ‘Unonal behav, risen fob esate wih the meting at ‘common food source of tands that may have be lately fa lnrtocach other \eyolds and Reynolds 1945 408-9) ‘The Reynold arent sure what the cari were forthe think it may signal a move om ane food source fo anather xc when cera ‘lite frat ae nips. The nineteenth entry report indesign ‘Sint enteanment aging, dancing, drmming apparently ona {itz and anthuopomoephaed the gathering of chimps ut the Reynold confined the intent century rept of ss fee ‘ent and welling presi he meting fal om deren tds wha arom nay oo wih each ter ) TOWARD A POETICS OF PERFORMANCE 155 Seemed to be moving tout pid At we seme he sure oe tbat nother came fom another dieton Stamping ad fase "nung fet were heard somolines behind, sometine rot an owing outbursts and prolonged rls of drums as many a1 apd ‘ea shaking the ground surprised ws very few yaa (Reynolds and Reyes 195; 49) (sept he “ccna pty of toy, rat eet] cr uli ert in aang anna vous mate ny tae ston tik Se 9 ADU SEAS ane Sle Se re iarpaciycrmanenateens| ‘hae, any out nate geri ne oe lat pint nae that even nur own clare parties hl the home! se oma apsialy mura oto deca “Se sao” whe ‘Ser roome are mor les fet). “The entrainment sopech geting ae of special ipo, ‘Wester thinkers Rave fen ta fom ener pie ) nshaloresneanney Nintendo me foray, conceptual), with entertainment ang ‘terre derivation or even dtcraton otal Risa 2 "ets? ‘wh entertinment frau” These te pean culture bound ‘onchusona: A ed to show chap & errant anil ee braided together neither onc bing the “orga ofthe oer, Ata Ian gaterngr people are fe to engage in bevlr that oul stherwiebertden Even more, pei non-odinty,ohern for en requenypromiscuns) bir i nt only permuted Bt encourage prepared fr, and reheuse. Behav during arial come ‘hes orterates ith preci spontaneity with largess pul ‘Where oor more groups meet ona seasonal ached, where hee ie abundant ood eter alae o ted, and where tae a geo ‘gaphal mater cave, hi. waterhole eho i Htood 6 een center (ee figure 53). OF the many diferenes between “fumen and ape cereal centers none mre dee than the at that ny ans permanently anform the spay “ing” on oe ‘ohn abe wit The at the aves sothemet Eup and he Stoo the Aborigines out the andnartn henge ae mean transforming natural spaces ito cultural places ways of ang theses, Bevery archer astacon or maton the mak Ingo acura pace what in pei sout these? "Athen sa place whose ory or natn uo stage enact per formance iy bebe! that he Kind of ope othe pace it