Cláudia Pinto

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Language and Speech Disorders
Case 10
Unit 10.1

Question 1.
a) The term idiopathic relates to a disease or condition that arises either spontaneously or
with an unknown cause. Following this definition, both scenario c) of a 5-year-old boy
(spontaneous) and scenario e) of a 7-year old boy (unknown cause) are examples of
idiopathic conditions.
b) Structural anomaly: a), Neurological impairment: c)

Question 2.
The differences regarding prevalence of speech disorders tends to vary between studies. This might
be related to the use of different methods to test and report this prevalence, as well as the use of
different criteria to measure severity. Furthermore, prevalence is measured by the selection of
random samples from a population. When different samples are used, it can be safe to assume that
the results of the studies are bound to vary as well.

Question 3.
Comorbidity of these speech sound disorders can tell us that the systems responsible for the well-
functioning of these specific tasks are dependent on each other.

Question 4.
/ʃ/, /s/, /θ/, /ð/, /r/, /z/, /l/, /ʒ/

Question 5.
Cluster reduction: a)
Palatal fronting: e)
Gliding: c)