Material parameters of the PTT model determine the rheological properties of the polymer

melts. Parametric study has the main feature of modeling, increasing the ease to perform. The
non-linear material parameter, ( ) control the shear and elongational thinning behavior, which
no doubt has a significant influence on the flow behavior in and out of the flow channels.
With the lack of the experimental data of the second normal stress difference (N 2 = taoyy-
taozz), the effect of –N2 on the extrudate swell of the polymer melts is still an open question.
Kong et al. pointed out that the influence of N2 on the extrudate swell is very limited, so they
set shear para to zero in all modes of the multi-mode PTT model. However, (phd thesis)
reported that a satisfactory agreement cannot be achieved by using only one single parameter
for fitting. In addition, Gomm et al. thought it
Fig 15 shows that the width swell ratio B1 strongly depends on the shear para. Increasing the
shear para results in an obvious decrease B1. As for the height swell ratio B3, similar with
(reference), larger shear para leads to smaller B3. (reference) attributed this to the modest
decrease of the uniaxial elongational viscosity with increasing shear para. It is noted that the
B3 profiles for 3D and 2D simulations are obviously different. Shrinkage flow in the
extrudate height direction is noted for shear para=0.05, while