Designers Guideto Box Girder BridgesDesigner's Guide to Steel Box Girder Bridges | Professor Conrad P. Heins, Jr Givil Engineering Department and Institute for Physical Science and Technology University of Maryland Dann H. Hall, Consulting Engineer Bethlehem Steel Corporation | We.wish to express our appreciation to C:S. Morgenthaler, Vice President and A. Gruver, Chief Bridge Engineer, Envirodyne Engineers, Inc., Baltimore, Md., | for thtr consultative services during the development and preparation of this booklet. Bethlehem Steel Corporation Bethlehem, Pennsylvania Printed in US.A. Data current as of | | Booklet No. 3500 February 1981Contents Notations Introduction Structural Behavior of Box Girders Stress Components Structural Analysis. Skewed Bridges Shear Lag . Fatigue Number of Cycles | Diaphragms. Top Lateral Bracing. Shear Connectors Transverse Stiffeners. Flange-to-Web Welds Vibration... Beam on Elastic Foundation Analogy. - Design Considerations Selection of Steel Optimum Box Configuration Flange Design Web Design’ ¢-Celi Boxes Open Top Box Girders Diaphragms Box Girder with Floor Beams Appendix - Beam on Elastic Foundation Analogy (BEF) for Determining Distortional Stresses in Box Girders. (BEF) Example References 10 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 B 4 “4 14 15 18 16 16 16 id 19 20 26 31