INSTRUCTIONS GEK-45441B Supersedes GEK-45441A MHO AND AUXILIARY RELAY for OUT-OF-STEP PROTECTION TYPE GSY51A GENERAL @@ ELECTRICGEK-45441 CONTENTS DESCRIPTION. . APPLICATION. DC RATINGS TARGET/SEAL- iit. WHO UNIT CONTACT: OPERATING PRINCIPLES. (CHARACTERISTICS. BURDENS... CURRENT CIRCUITS. --. POTENTIAL CIRCUITS. CALCULATION OF SETTINGS. GRAPHICAL PROCEDURE... BLINDER SETTINGS. MHOUNIT SETTING. - VERIFICATION OF SETTINGS. CONSTRUCTION. ELECTRICAL TESTS. DDRAWOUT RELAYS’ ~ GENERAL: POWER REQUIREMENTS ~ GENERAL. «00... ACCEPTANCE TESTS..... VISUAL INSPECTION. oestener'h NECHANICAL INSPECTION z a Yeo UtrT = ACCEPTANCE TESTS "(STANDARD FACTORY CALIBRATION) 22 DIRECTIONAL TESTS, REACH. ANGLE” OF acini ADDETIONAL REACH TAPS OFFSET TESTS. ‘TARGET/SEAL-IN. RESTRAINT TRANS! TELEPHONE RELAYS. NHo UNIT ~ ACCEPTANCE DIRECTIONAL TEST. REACH... ANGLE’ OF MAXIM TORQL OTHER REACH TAPS. OFFSET TESTS. INSTALLATION PROCEDURE INSPECTION. Locarron.. ‘MOUNTING. CONNECTIONS: NECHANICAL INSPECTION PERIODIC CHECKS AND ROUTINE WARNTENANCE: CONTACT CLEANING. . SERVICING (STANDARD FACTORY CALIBRATION) BIRECTIONAL TESTS, ANGLE OF MAXIMUM’ TORQUE ADDITIONAL REACH TAPS. OFFSET TAPS, SERVICING (RELAV-FACTORY “ADIUSTED BER’ CUSTOMER'S DIRECTIONAL TESTS, RENEWAL PARTS, .. PAGE 10oe GEK-45441 HO AND AUXILIARY RELAY For. OUT-OF-STEP PROTECTION ‘TYPE GSYSIA DESCRIPTION The Type GSYSIA relay is designed specifically for use in conjunction with the Type CEXS7E angle- imedance relay to detect an out-of-step condition on a poner systen. The relay includes a mho-type distance unit with provision for offsetting its characteristics, six telephone-type auxiliary units with the necessary series resistors, and a target seal-in unit, all mounted in an L2 size case. The Outline and panel drilling dimensions are shown in Fig. 9, and the internal connections in Fig. 3. APPLICATION The usual application of the Type GSYSIA relay and its associated Type CEXS7E angle-impedance relay 1s at the terminals of a generator to provide out-of-step protection of the machine. When a generator loses synchronism the resulting high current peaks and off=frequency operation may cause winding stresses, pulsat- ing torques and mechanical resonances that have the potential of damaging the turbine-generator. Therefore, to minimize the possibility of damage it is generally accepted that the machine should be tripped without delay, preferably during the first half-slip cycle of the loss of synchronism condition. Formerly the generator, transformer and system impedance characteristics were such that the electrical center during loss-of-synchronism conditions generally occurred out in the transmission systen. Hence the resulting swing impedance locus intersected transmission lines and would be detected by Tine relaying or by Out-of-step detection schemes located at Tine terminals, and in most instances the systen could be separated without the need for tripping generators. With the advent of EHV systems, larger generators and the general expansion of transmission systems, ‘the impedances involved have changed significantly. Generator and step-up transformer impedances have increased in magnitude, while system impedances have decreased. As a result, on many systems today the elec- trical center during 1oss-of-synchronism conditions can, and frequently does, occur in the generator or in ‘the step-up transformer. In general, the protection normally applied in the generator zone, such as differential relaying, tine- delay systen back-up, etc., will not protect a generator during a loss of synchronism. The loss of excitation relay may provide some degree of protection but can not be relied on to detect generator loss of synchronism under all system conditions. Therefore, if during a loss of synchronism the electrical center 1s located in the region from the high voltage terminals of the generator step-up transformer down into the Generator, separate out-of-step relaying should be considered to protect the machine. The combination of the GSVSIA and CEXS7E relays, located at the generator terminals, is intended to detect an out-of-step condition when the swing locus passes through the machine or step-up transformer impedance. This scheme utilizes three impedance measuring units and the logic circuitry provided by the auxiliary units in the GSY to evaluate the progressive change in impedance during a loss of synchronism con- dition, and to initiate tripping when the angle between generator and system voltages is 90 degrees or less This typical application of the GSYSIA and CEX57E relays at the terminals of a generator 1s covered by the external connection diagram in Fig. 10K. The contact circuit logic 1s shown in Fig. 103. Although the CEX-GSY schene is normally applied at the terminals of the generator, there are some applications where it will be more advantageous to apply these relays at the high voltage terminals of the set-up transformer, This is discussed further in the section on CALCULATION OF SETTINGS. These instructions do not purport to cover all details or variations in equipment nor to provide for every possible contingency to be mot in connection with installation, operation or maintenance. Should further information be desized or should particular problems arise which are not covered sufficiently for the purchaser's purzoses, the matter should be referred to the General Blectric Company. To the extent requized the products described herein meet applicable ANSI, IEEE and NEMA standards; but no such assurance is given with respect to local codes and ordinances because they vary greatly.