Physies APB EP Avrambide Capac,ters Name: perce: toate: ‘CAPACITANCE FORMULAS A capacitor is a ‘device for storing charge; made up of tworparallel plates with a space between them. ‘The plates have an equal-and opposite charge on them, creating “potential. difference between the plates. A capacitor can be made of conductors of any shape, but the parallel-plate capacitor is the most common kind. In cireuit diagrams, a capacitor is represented by two equal parallel lines. tt For any capacitor, the ratio of the charge to the potential difference is called the capacitance, C: Q Where: may ce Cepactbarte O= Chev ge c C=Capacitance [C/V= Farad F] oe eo-Vacuum permittivity8i85x0%C'/NA? A=Plate’s surface area [m’] d=distance between plates [m] ‘That is, if the area of the plates is doubled, the capacitance is doubled, and if the distance between the plates is doubled, the capacitance is halved. ‘The proportionality constant between C and A/d is eo, called the permittivity of free space, which is related to Coulomb’s constant. ¢9=8.85x10%C?/Nm* 7 % jtead, FYArrambi Physies AP B simaiteramisteenatanentesnar C= 8 or C= co b- ifthe plates are separated by agistance of 0.2mm, what is the area ofthe plate? = = ole | 4 look oxen C b) 0. dann qagp git = 2x16] ay “av Zo sek 4 a. son, Set OV he asAe bons ee | a ¥ot To ENERGY IN CAPATITORS |enaimiove Wi Siniall'amount of negative chargexfrom the positive plate to the negative plate of a capacitor, anjexternalagént'mustdo Work. This work is the origin of the energy stored by the capacitor. If the plates have a charge of magnitude q, the potential difference is AV = 2 Ifq =0, and work is done to add charge until q = Q, the total work required i U=Electric Potential Energy [!] a=charge [C} Av=Voltage (V] C=Capacitance IC/V= Farad Fl CAPACITORS IN CIRCUITS Like resistors, capacitors can be arranged in series or in parallel. The rule for adding capacitance is the reverse of adding resistance: ll ke a , “CAPACITORS IN SERIES CAPACITORS IN PARALLEL tatty. Cra C+ 0,4 Cr Cz porate.Arrambide Physies APB IS?” Example: Find the equivalent capacitance for the following circuit. coe TT LL: t+ rs 6 Or 2 ots. Le we co 30 Ce 6nF | Spall | 2nF i+ 2 palae: Ce 22 51230F Cre Hon |. 330F| Pecaalled 2 Ope LBoF $1.33 nF 2 1-CenF Example: Find the equivalent capacitance for the following combined circuit. \ ez BS plleeia = © whist we Stl SeZ0 15yF 15 pF Cp Ge tS 22S @ sust | & i,t ab = Pe . 5 = : 2 75130 Cr 5-H z € CHE My SHAT