TỪ VỰNG PARAPHRASE CÁC CHỦ NGỮ THƯỜNG GẶP TRONG

IELTS WRITING TASK 1

1. Từ vựng về nhóm tuổi

One person:

 He is 10 years old.

 He is a 10-year-old.

 He is aged 10.

More than one person:

 The children in the class are all 10 years old.

 It is a class of 10-year-olds

 It is a class 10-year-old children.

 The children in the class are all aged 10.

Age groups with more than one person:

 The chart shows the hobbies of children (who are) between 10 and 12
years old.

 The chart shows the hobbies of 10- to 12-year-olds

 The chart shows the hobbies of 10- to 12-year-old children.

 The chart shows the hobbies of children (who are) aged 10 to 12.

 The chart shows the hobbies of children who fall into 10 to 12 age
group
Other note:
Children = youngsters = the young = young people

The number of people in their forties (những người ở độ tuổi 40, tức từ

40 – 49 tuổi) Teenagers (miêu tả độ tuổi teen, tức từ 11-19 tuổi)

The elderly = elderly people = senior

citizens Adult (người lớn)

2. Giới tính

- Male và female vừa là danh từ đếm được vừa là tính từ, và nó

được dùng cho người ở bất cứ độ tuổi nào

Eg: The number of males aged under 14 years old

was 100 The number of male children aged under 14
years old was 100

- Men và women chỉ dùng cho người lớn. Tức khi đề bài nói đối
tượng là children hoặc là người dưới 18 tuổi thì không nên
dùng từ này để thay thế

- Boys và girls chỉ nên được dùng cho trẻ em

3. Lượng chi tiêu hàng tuần

- Average weekly spending

- spent on average

- average expenditure
 - weekly spending figures

- levels of spending

- spent per week

- expenditure per week

4. Từ vựng về tên nước và người nước đó

Tên nước Người ở nước đó

Canada Canadians
England The English/ English people
Turkey The Turkish/ Turkish people
Spain The Spanish/ Spanish people
The USA Americans
Germany Germans
Italy Italians
Sweden The Swedish/Swedish people
Mexico Mexicans
Japan Japaneses
Ireland The Irish/ Irish people

Trong phần đề bài, nếu câu hỏi không liệt kê tên nước (e.g. "in three
countries"), bạn có hai cách để viết lại trong introduction của mình như
sau
 - "in Britain, France and Germany"
- "in three countries, namely Britain, France and Germany".

Không quên dùng “the” trước 1 số nước như "the USA", "the UK" và the

“US” Các cấu trúc câu có thể dùng vs tên nước

 The number of elderly people in the USA rose.

 The number of Americans aged 65 and over rose over the period
shown.

 Canada also saw a rise in the number of elderly people.

 However, the figure for Australia fell.

5. Người dùng Internet

The percentage of people who used the

Internet The percentage of people

using the Internet

The percentage of people who had access to the

Internet Internet usage

The percentage of

Internet users Eg:

- The proportion of people using the Internet in the USA was about
20%.
 - The proportion of Internet users in the USA was about 20%.

6. Tỷ lệ thất nghiệp
The proportion of people who were

unemployed The proportion of people

who were jobless Levels of

unemployment

Unemployment rate
The proportion of people
without job Level of
joblessness

Eg:

- The number of 16 -to 24-year-olds who were unemployed in

England was around 18% in 2000
- Level of unemployment in England fell to only 10% in 2002
- Unemployment rate in England was higher than the figure for Mexico

- The proportion of English 16 -to 24-year-olds without job was

around 18% in 2000
- Level of joblessness in England fell to only 10% in 2002
- The proportion of people who were jobless in England fell to only 10%
in 2002
7. Tỷ lệ người nghèo

Poverty rate
Level of
poverty
 The percentage of people who live in poverty

The percentage of people who live under the

poverty line Poverty level

Be
poor
Eg:

- Poverty rate in Vietnam was much higher than that of Canada,

at 10% and 2% respectively.

- The percentage of people who live in poverty in Vietnam was

much higher than that of Canada, at 10% and 2% respectively.
- 10% of Vietnamese people were poor, compared with only 2% of
Canadians.

8. Doanh thu bán hàng

Sales = turnover
- Sales of fast food increased over the period shown
- Turnover from fast food increased over the period shown
- Fast food earned/obtained/gained just under $6 billion

9. Hàng năm, hàng tháng, hàng tuần…

Per person = per capita = an average of = average +
Noun Annual = yearly = per year

Per week = weekly = each week = a

week Eg:
- Average yearly spending on landlines dropped by nearly $200
 - Consumption of pizza dropped to 10 kilograms per person per year
- The per capita consumption of beef in the US rose from around 60 to
a peak of 90 pounds
- US beef consumption rose from around 60 to a peak of 90 pounds per
person

- The amount of beef consumed by the average American rose from

around 60 to a peak of 90 pounds

10.Chi tiêu
Danh từ: Spending = expenditure

Động từ: be spent on = be allocated for = be used for = be expended

= be paid out for

Danh từ chỉ
người: Spender
Eg:
- In 2010, expenditure on mobile phones rose to around $750.
- In 2010, spending on mobile phones rose to around $750
- In 2010, Swedish consumers spent around $750 on mobile
phones

- In 2010, around $750 was allocated for mobile phones

by Swedish consumers

- Swedish people were the largest spenders on mobile

phones, with around $750 expended on this
- Sweden had the highest percentage of expenditure for mobile
phones

11. Phương tiện giao thông

Các từ và cum từ paraphrase số lượng người dùng xe ô tô, chúng ta sử
dụng tương tự với nhiều phương tiện khác như bus, train…

The number of people who use

cars The number of people

driving to work The number of

car commuters
 The number of people who

commute by car The number of

people who travel by car The

number of car users

Eg:
- Approximately 5 million was the number of bus users in
2010.
- Around 5 million commuters traveled by bus in 2010
- The bus was used by about 5 million people in 2010

Nếu đi bằng xe đạp: The number of people who cycle to

work = the number of cycling commuters
Nếu đi bằng tàu hỏa: The number of rail passengers

12. Sư sản xuất và tiêu thụ

- Tiêu thụ
(Noun) Consumption
(Verb): be used, be consumed, be drunk or be eaten
- Sản xuất:
(Noun): production, manufacture
(Verb): be produced, be made, be manufactured,