OPERATIONS Excessive Cosing Pressure 1, For steam to flow through the turbine, there must he a pressure _______hetween the inlet and the exhaust, 2, During startup of the turbine, the exhaust valve must be opened before the inlet valve, or excessive pressure may rupture the IF the inlet valve were opened before the exhaust valve, would build up in the easing. 4. Turbines are sometimes equipped with safety valves to relieve excessive pressure, Safety valves located in the exhaust piping operate (manually automatically). 5. Sometimes the safety valve does not. reset properly after it has opened. ‘The valve continues 10 ak through the relief line, and usable gleam is Jost fo the 3 6. Some turbines have only a sentinel valve and not a safety valve. A sentinel yalve sounds a warning when the in the casing is too high, The operator must the pressure im- medisitel 7, The sentinel valve by itself (protects ‘does not protect) the casing against overpressuring, 8. Stopping the flow of steam to the turbine reduces the pressure, ‘The operator (opens /closes) the inlet valve Immedi- ately to atoy the tlow of steam. 9. Tos up, the (inlet exhaust) valve is opened first ‘To shut down, the —____ valve is closed first. 10. Large high-pressure turbines must operate at low, speeds until they are warm. The inlet valve on these turbines should be (wide/ partially) open, Insulation 11. Insulation prevents the loss of —____ from the unit. [45] difference easing: pressure automatically steam pressure ecrease oes not protect, closes exhaust inlet partially heat12. ‘The turbine is insulated to prevent heat loss and pro- tect the operator from burns, ‘The should be kept intact during: operations. 18. If insulation is removed during repairs or inspection, it must bo ___before startup. Condensation of Steam 14. ‘The temperature of steam lesving the turbine is always lower than the temperature of steam entering the ‘turbine, ‘The higher the inlet steam temperature, the (more/ less) likely the exhaust steam is to be dry. 15. Condensing turbines have low exhaust temperatures. ‘Usually some of the steam condenses as it passes through the later stages. ‘These turbines are designed so that 2 moderate emount of condensate does not vause erosion of the 16, If the inlet steam temperature falls helow the design temperature, too much steam condenses in the earlier stages. These stages are not designed for condensate, ‘This condensate may cause of time, over & period 17. Daring ehutdown, the turbine cools, and any residual steam lef in the turbine or the lines 18. Water collects in Joy points in the inlet line, Stoam at low volecity (picks up/aloes not pick up) the water as if passes over it. ute at Gow/high) at. 19. During startup, many turbines ene speed, and the steam ‘lowing to the turbine is velocity. [46] insulation replaced buckets erosion condenses: does not piel up low low