Contents Preface 1. Vector Spaces 1.1 Fields 1.2 Vector Spaces 1.3 Matrices 1.4 Other Examples of Vector Spaces 1.5 Subspaces 1.6 Linear Dependence, Basis, and Dimension 1.7 Linear Dependence of a Set of Functions 1.8 Vector Norms and Inner Products 2. Matrices 2.1 Product of Two Matrices 2.2 The Operation of Transposition 2.3 Inversion 2.4 Inverses for Some Special Matrices: Band Matrices 2.5 The Row and Column Spaces of a Matrix, Nullspace of a Matrix, lementary Matrices 3. Generalized Inverses 3.1 Right and Left Inverses 3.2 Principle of Least Squares ii int 13 16 34 37 453.3 Matrix Methods for Least Squares Problems. 3.4 The Moore-Penrose Inverse Rl 844. Linear Transformations 4.1 Definition and Examples 4.2 The Matrix of'a Linear Transformation 4,3 ‘Transition Matrix and Change of Basis 5. The Eigenvalue Problem 5.1 Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors 5.2 Figenvalues of Some Special Matrices. 5.3 Spectral Theorem 5.4 Jordan's Canonical Form 5.5 Positive Definite Matrices 6. Funetions of a Matrix 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Functions of a Matrix Defined by a Power Series 6.3 Evaluation of exp(éA) by the Laplace Transform Method 7. Irreducible and Monotone Matrices 7.1 Ieducible Matrices 7.2 Monotone Matrices 7.3 Application to the Two-Point Linear Boundary Value Problem. 7.4 Nonlinear Two-Point Boundary Value Problem Appendix: Determinants and Linear Equations 1. Determinants 101 101 108 Ms 135 143 148 160 170 170 179 187 194 194 Page vi