_ Gpgessellkbaesssp Pemps NOI! OOOCNVGO PITIUUWN eCAMERON HyDRAULIC DaTA A handy reference on the subject of hydraulics, | and steam Edited by Cc. C. Heald Eighteenth Edition Second Printing Price $25.00 CO SOHOOLHSOCO SHOT SOS OLE: e2ececeecs i 2. Ingersoll-Dresser Pumps Liberty Corner, NJ 07938i Pump Manufacturing Plants Buenos Aires, Argentina Brunn, Austria Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Brantford, Canada Bogota, Colombia Hastings, NE, U.S.A. : Gateshead, England Huntington Park, CA, U.S.A: im Newark, England Memphis, TN, U.S. Arnage, France Phillipsburg, NJ, U.S.A. Orleans, France Hamburg, Germany Bombay, India Desio, Italy Coslada, Spain Chesapeake, VA, U.S.A. Statesville, NC, U.S.A. Taneytown, MD, U.S.A. mS, r 2 f Pump Types 6 + General Service + Vertical by + Single Stage Process + Submersible PF + Sealless + Rotary b + Solids Handling + Reciprocating ; + Slurry/Abrasive + Marine/Navy i + Multi-stage + Special Service a Markets Served + Power Generation + Marine + Hydrocarbon + Pulp and Paper * Oil and Gas Production + Mining Chemical Processing Water Resources Primary Metals General Industry He OAPPAOATIVOAVH PobocrBavde Copyright 1926. 1980, 1934. 1939, 1942, 1951, 1958, 1961, 1963, 1970, 1977, 1979, 1981, 1981, 1988, 1992, 1994, 1995, 1996 by Ingersoll-Dresser Pump Co. All rights reserved PRINTED IN USA. IDP Form 75045 ii CPVMHACACHCAMERON HYDRAULIC] DATA Preface to the Eighteenth Edition (2nd Printing) The Cameron Hydraulic Data Book is an Ingersoll-Dresser Pumps publication and, as in the previous seventeen editions, is published as an aid to engineers involved with the selection “i application of pumping equipment. The eighteenth edition includes a Pump Selection Guide (Section 11) which matches the comprehensive worldwide product line of Ingersoll-Dresser Pumps with a sampling of major markets served. This selection matrix helps the user determine which pump types are generally applied to various fluid pumping applications, In addition, improvements were made in the seamless wrought steel pipe section (pages 7-8 through 7- 12) to address allowable working pressures up to 650° F in accordance with ANSI/ASME Standards B36.10M and B81.1. nor modifications, corrections and clarifications initiated by users and the editor were made throughout the book. | To facilitate locating the desired data, a detailed index is provided in the rear of this book (Section 10). It should be noted that for convenient reference this index is arranged in two (2) patts; first a General Index with items listed alphabetically, page 10-2 througl| 10-10, and secondly, an Index of Liquids arranged alphabetically, page 10-1/1 through page 10-14. Frequent reference to this index is suggested for quickly locating the information desired. | iiiDISCLAIMER This publication is designed to provide a compilation of technical data and information from various sources. This data and informa- tion is-presented-with the understanding that-Ingersoll-Dresser Pumps is not herein engaging in the design of machinery or systems nor in the rendering of technical services or advice. isn ths Ingersoll-Dresser Pumps makes no representations or warranties with respect to the completeness or accuracy of the data or informa- tion contained herein. In addition, Ingersoll-Dresser Pumps does not assume any liability for any losses or damages resulting from the use or application of data or information contained herein. iv CAPPVERPAPAVPAPAVININGI.3PProscdr MP012 Ingersoll-Dresser Pumps) == Ca} eron Hydraulic Data Contents Hydraulic principles .... Selected formulas and equivalents. Friction data .. Water aper stock Viscous liquids. Fittings Liquids—miscellaneous data Density—specific gravity—vapor pressi Viscosity etc. ~ Steam ‘data::, Electrical data ... Cast iron and steel pipe flanges and flange Miscellaneous data .... Avithmetical and geometrical formulas Metric (SI) Conversions—General data Index—Two Sections Section No. 1—General Index (A to Z) Section No. 2—Index of Liquids (A to Z) Pump Selection GuideP28 re Ele UST EWS OS OWS HE OWE VU OwOws—en®CO ce cccccecsevecesscovcuseooscooscouauece Cee ees | SECTION 1 a | HYDRAULICS | /TLYVLI~~ ad Ingersoll Dresser Pumps Cameron Hydraulic Data CONTENTS OF SECTION 1 Hydraulics Page Introduction Seek Lees seve LB Liquids ..........0..00..0.. eee fee 1-3 Liquid Flow . 1-4 y Viscosity oar a wee weve 15 Pumping ........ wie 16 Volume—System Head Caleulations—-Suction Head 1-6, 1-7 Suction Lift—Total Discharge Head—Velocity Head ...... 1-7, 1-8 - ‘Total Sys. Head — Pump Head—-Pressure—Spec. Gravity. ... 1-9, 1-10 Net Positive Suction Head EAPAVALIRAGHUVIAISTP Pens ‘on Lil NPSH-— Suction Head-Lift: Examples: 1-11, to 1-16 NPSH— Hydro-Carbon Corrections 1.16 NPSH-~— Reciprocating Pumps Des eon 117 Acceleration Head— Reciprocating Pumps ........2..6.0.. 1-18 Entrance Losses—-Specific Speed / 00.2.0... cece eu LO e Specific Speed—Impeller 2... Ig Specific Speed—Suction ee 1-20, 1-21 Submergence..... widget See ee ABs 1-82 ! Intake Design—Vertical Wet Pit Pumps... | 1-22 to 1-27 ; Work Performed in Pumping ............. wha Oe LOT ; Temperature Rise 20.0... pore ee eee loo @ Characteristic Curves |... Je. 129 , Affinity Laws—Stepping Curves ee 1:30 $ System Curves. ..... eee te ee ee aT : Parallel and Series Operation ae fev bbe ys 1-82, 1:83 ' Water Hammer .. . : oi 184 # $ Reciprocating Pumps—Performance ...... 2185 Recip. Pumps—Pulsation Analysis & System Piping . . . 1-36 to 1-45 Pump Drivers—Speed Torque Curves... . — 1-45, 1-46 Engine Drivers—Impeller Profiles ....... vee e, LAT Hydraulic Institute Charts ...... veee des ee « 1-48t0 1:52 Bibliography ote - 1-53 1-2ory? eeeevecvseveseou e orccsececoe 009 0009000000000: Hydraulics Intreduction| The following outline is’ offered for) those who have a basic understanding and knowledge of hydraulic and fluid dynamic principles, but who would like a convenient reference to various items that must be taken into consideration in the commercial selection and application of pumping equipment. If more detailed information is desired, or to investigate the subject in suggested to the many Textbooks, Tec Handbooks, Standards and Manuals that eater depth, reference is ical Papers, Engineering e available, some of which are listed in Bibliography at the conclusion of this section. (Page 1-53) Liquids Hydraulics is concerned with the beha motion. A liquid has a definite volume a: ior of liquids at rest and in contrasted to a gas which will expand or contract depending on changes in temperature and pressure. Liquids are said to be “practically” inc most considerations at low pressures but) temperatures vary, there will be changes taken into account. The pressure existing at any point in the atmospheric pressure exerted on the’ mpressible. This is true for at higher pressures and as in density which must be liquid at rest is caused by surface, plus the weight of liquid above the point in question. Such pressure is equal in all directions and acts perpendicularly to any liquid. All liquid pressures can be visualized surfaces in contact with the being caused by a column s of liquid which due to its weight would pide a pressure equivalent to the pressure at the point in question. $ or imaginary, is called the “pressure head usually expressed in feet of liquid. ach a column of liquid, real .” or the “static head” and is The flow of liquids may be caused bi means using one of the many types of depending on the characteristics of the | conditions. | gravity or by mechanical mps that may be available d and the nature of service 1-3i2 Ingersoll-Dresser Pumps. Cameron Hydraulic Data Fig. No. 1 Discharge Impetier Volute. Casing BPAPPr ov 0% Reference is made to Figure 1 illustrating diagrammatically a sim- ple centrifugal pump; here it will bé observed that in its simplest form a centrifugal pimp consists of an impeller rotating within a casing. Liquid directed into’ the center of the rotating impeller is picked up by the impeller vanes and accelerated to a high velocity by the rotation of the impeller and discharged by centrifugal force into the casing and out the discharge. When the liquid in the impeller is forced away from the center of the impeller a reduced pressure is produced and‘ consequently more liquid flows forward. Therefore a steady flow through the impeller is produced unless something hap- pens to break the vacuum at the inlet or disrupt the flow to the center of the impeller or unless the flow at the discharge is restricted by a pressure greater than the pressure head developed by the rotat- ing impeller. Je oe POEAPAOAROAPAVATIM Reciprocating Positive Displacement Pumps, on the other hand, do not generate head. Instead, these pumps convert rotating motion and torque into linear motion and force, generating variable flow at the discharge connection. Head is generated by the system's resis- tance to flow. Hence, this pump will draw upon available power and energy until it overcomes all flow resistances downstream. If exces- sive flow restrictions exist, the pump can be over pressurized and the driver may stall or the weakest link in the system can fail. Therefore, 3 it is imperative that.a safety relief valve is installed as close to the pump as possible. shaker erga cern tn erage Liquid flow During passage through a pipe the flow of a liquid is said to be laminar (viscous) or turbulent depending on the liquid velocity, pipe size and liquid viscosity. For any given liquid and pipe size these 14 ee a As: n