Homework solution TAM 310 Problem set 1 statistics Harry Dankowicz Department of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Cornell University Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA. Question 1 Solution a) See table on attached sheet. The frequency is found by calculating the number of sample values in a particular interval and the relative frequency is the frequency divided by the total number of sample values. ») The proportion of samples with breaking strength of at least 100 cycles is 1-the proportion of samples with less than 100 cycles= 1— .21 = 79 percent. Question 2 Solution a) We note that the sequence of sample values zy is already sorted in as- cending order. Since the number of values is even the median is found to be the average of the two values in the middle of the list, i.e., tmedian 3(1.007 + 1.011) = 1.009. The mean is found using the formula taverage TSP, ae © 1.030, where n is the total number of values, here 16. b) The median is unaffected as long as the two middle values remain the same. We could therefore bring 1.394 down to 1.011 without changing medians i.€., by 0.383, Question 3 Solution a) We first need to find the mean # = 15f. 2 = M4min. In order to avoid round off errors we do not evaluate this fraction but leave it in rationalform. The variance is given by the formula Ling gt) — 216275 a in? Sal Qy ohn?) = Spe min? = 1264 ort ‘The standard deviation is the square root of the variance, i.e., s © 35.6 min. b) If the data was expressed in terms of hours than the numerical values would be the same but the units of the mean, variance and standard de- viation would be changed. Since there are 60 minutes in an hour we find s? = 1264.8min? = 0.3513hr? and s © 35.6min= 0.593hr. ¢) The coefficient of variation is found from e.v = £ = 26.4 percent. Question 4 Solution a) S={NNNN,NNNM,NNMN,NMNN,MND ‘NM,NMMN,MNMN,M] NMMM, MM, MMNM,MMMN, MMMM} NMN. b) Si2as;isas €) Sire d) $1,2,3,4.5 €) $1,254,526 and St £) Sirzasadasas and 0 Question 5 Solution a) S = {AAAABBB, AAABABB, AABAABB, ABAAABB, BAAAABB, AAABBAB, AABABAB, AABBAAB, ABAABAB, ABABAAB, ABBAAAB, BAAABAB, BAABAAB, BABAAAB, BBAAAAB, AAABBBA, AABABBA, AABBABA, AABBBAA, ABAABBA, ABABABA, ABADBAA, ABBAABA, ABBABAA, ABBBAAA, BAAABBA, BAABABA, BAABBAA, BABAABA, BABABAA, BABBAAA, BBAAABA, BBAABAA, BBABAAA, BBBAAAAYQuestion 6 “Solution See Venn diagram on attached sheet, where numbers denote probabilities in percent. Note that one can think of these as areas of the various regions. ‘The answers to the following questions are found by adding up the numbers to get the area of the regions under consideration. a)7+44+14 10+6+48 = 36 percent. b) 47 +7 = 64 percent c) 744410414648 +17 =53 percent, d) 47 percent e) 17 percent 1) 17464441447 =75 percent Question 7 Solution a) P(ANB) = —P(AUB) + P(A) + P(B) = 06 b) P((4'n B)U(ANB!)) = P(A'NB) + P(AN BY) — P(A’ BNANB') 0.1 + 0.2—0 = 0.3, where we have made use of the Venn diagram shown on the attached sheet. Question 8 Solution a) Since this amounts to selection without regard to order the answer is 20 on . (22) = 1201 wa, b) There are ( 7 ) ways to select four buses with cracks and for each of these there are ° ) of selecting 1 bus without a crack out of the twelve 2 1 c) The probability is given by the answer in b) divided by the answer to a)= 5.42 percent. crackless, Thus, there are { § ) ( = 840 ways in total. 4) There are H ways to select exactly five buses with cracks. ‘Thus, the probability ‘of selecting exactly five buses with cracks is given by this, number divided by the answer to a)= 0.36 percent. The total probability is